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1,317 results for “Fishers”
Fisher Meteorological Station at Harvard Forest since 2001
The Fisher Meteorological Station became operational on 11 Feb 2001. The station is located in an open field 200 m north of the Shaler Met Station, in a site chosen to minimize the angle of surrounding trees above the horizon (currently 15-25 degrees from the station at breast height). The Fisher Met Station records air temperature, relative humidity, dew point, precipitation (including water equivalent of snow), global solar radiation, PAR radiation, net radiation, barometric pressure, scalar wind speed, vector wind speed, peak gust speed (1-second), vector wind direction, standard deviation of wind direction (wind measurements at 10 m height), and soil temperature (10 cm depth). Instruments are scanned once per second, and 15-minute (hourly before 2005) and daily values are calculated and stored by a datalogger. Data for the current month are available online, updated every 15 minutes, with out-of-range values replaced by NA but values not otherwise checked. Earlier data are checked and archived monthly with missing, questionable, and estimated values flagged, following methods of the LTER ClimbDB project. A log of events affecting station measurements (e.g., instrument repair and recalibration, ice storms, lightning) and selected monthly and annual values are also posted. For current data, please see: https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/met-hydro-stations. For a longer climate record that includes adjusted data from the Shaler Met Station, please see dataset HF300.
Dataset for Fisher et al. (2023). Motion stereo at sea: Dense 3D reconstruction from image sequences monitoring conveyor systems on board fishing vessels. IET Image Processing, 17(2), pp.349-361.
<p>This dataset contains the video clips used to produce the results presented in:</p><p>Fisher, M., French, G., Gorpincenko, A., Holah, H., Clayton, L., Skirrow, R. and Mackiewicz, M., 2023. Motion stereo at sea: Dense 3D reconstruction from image sequences monitoring conveyor systems on board fishing vessels. IET Image Processing, 17(2), pp.349-361.</p>
Classification and frequency of climate change drivers and responses of small-scale fishers found in literature review
<p>Climate change hazards were classified into resource availability and fishing operations or both following the framework proposed by Cheung et al (2012). Response units were firstly classified into overarching responses and then categorized as suggested by the adaptive-transformative framework of Barnes et al.<sup> </sup>(2020). Adaptation units that did not represent an active adaptation response were classified as remaining. More than one hazard could be attributed to each fishers' response.</p>
Fishers' ecological knowledge of the Lower Ucayali
<p>Data gathered for: <strong>Fishers' ecological knowledge points to fishing-induced changes in the Peruvian Amazon (2024)</strong><span><span><span><span><strong>. <em>Ecological Applications</em></strong></span></span></span></span></p> <div> <p>Scientists increasingly draw on fishers' ecological knowledge (FEK) to gain a better understanding of fish biology and ecology and inform options for fisheries management. We report on a study of FEK among fishers along the Lower Ucayali River in Peru, a region of exceptional productivity and diversity, which is also a major supplier of fish to the largest city in the Peruvian Amazon. Given a lack of available scientific information on stocks status, we sought to identify temporal changes in the composition and size of exploited species by interviewing fishers from 18 communities who vary in years of fishing experience since the mid-1950s. We develop four FEK-based indicators to assess changes in the fish assemblage and compare findings with landings data. </p> <p>We find an intensification of fishing gear deployed over time, spatiotemporal shifts in the fish assemblage, and reported declines in species weight, which point to a fishing-down process with declines across multiple species. This finding is reflected in a shifting baseline among our participants, whereby younger generation of fishers have different expectations regarding the distribution and size of species. Our study points to the importance of spillover effects from the nearby Pacaya-Samira National Reserve and community initiatives to support the regional fishery and the supply of fish to city markets. Reference to fishers' knowledge also suggests that species decline is likely underreported in aggregated landings data. </p> <p>The dataset contains information derived from fishers' interviews as well as a subset of socioeconomic information gathered during follow-up household surveys. Additional information gathered during household surveys conducted by the Peruvian Amazon Rural Livelihoods and Poverty (PARLAP) project (<a href="http://www.parlap.geog.mcgill.ca/">https://parlap.geog.mcgill.ca</a>) between 2014 and 2016 is also included. Landings data included in this study are restricted and not available publicly. The aggregated dataset of landings in Loreto from 1984 to 2016 is the property of the Dirección Regional de la Producción Loreto. Data are available to qualified researchers from Dirección Regional de la Producción Loreto by contacting the Director, whose contact information is available at <a href="https://www.gob.pe/institucion/regionloreto/funcionarios">https://www.gob.pe/institucion/regionloreto/funcionarios</a>. </p> </div>
Intraguild interactions and abiotic conditions mediate occupancy of mammalian carnivores: co-occurrence of coyotes-fishers-martens
<p>The widespread eradication of large carnivores and subsequent expansion of top mesopredators have the potential to impact species and community interactions with ecosystem-wide implications. An example of these trophic dynamics is the widespread establishment of coyotes following the extirpation of wolves and mountain lions in eastern North America. Here, we examined the occupancy of three carnivores in northern New York considering both environmental/habitat factors and interspecific interactions. We estimated the co-occurrence of coyotes, fishers, and martens from a landscape-scale winter camera trap survey repeatedly annually for three years. Martens occurred independently of both coyotes and fishers, while fishers and coyotes displayed positive intraguild interactions that were constant across the landscape. Both marten and fisher first-order occupancy was driven by a combination of biotic and abiotic factors, with both species displaying positive associations with forest cover but antithetical responses to average snow depth. The integral and antithetical role of snow depth in driving the occurrence of martens (positive) and fishers (negative) in the landscape indicates that future climatic warming could reduce the availability of current spatial refuges for martens created by severe winter conditions. Climate-driven alterations to established competitive interactions and co-existence patterns between marten and fishers have critical implications for the species' survival and conservation. We provide correlational evidence consistent with the potential for positive top-down effects of dominant mesocarnivores on subordinate species, with fisher occupancy increasing conditional on the presence of coyotes across the landscape. These findings align with the hypothesis that under certain conditions, coyotes may facilitate certain subordinate carnivores. The evidence produced here is consistent with hypotheses on the dynamic nature of trophic niches. We demonstrate the need to consider the interplay between climate, habitat, and interspecific interactions to understand wildlife occupancy patterns and inform wildlife management in a rapidly changing world.</p>
Gajderowicz, B., Fisher, A., Mago, V.: (preperation) "Graph pruning for identifying COVID-19 misinformation dissemination patterns and indicators on Twitter/X"
<p>This dataset is for the repository <a href="https://github.com/bgajdero/social-graph-analysis-2024">https://github.com/bgajdero/social-graph-analysis-2024</a>.</p>
FIGURE 3 in Multidecadal fishers' knowledge reveals overexploitation of sharks in southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 3 | Best day's catches (number of individuals caught) according to hook and line fishers of Arraial do Cabo. A. Spinner shark, Carcharhinus brevipinna, with fourth order polynomial regression (r² = 0.02, p = 0.8); B. Shortfin mako shark, Isurus oxyrinchus, with second order polynomial regression (r² = 0.14, p = 0.46); C. Sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, with third order polynomial regression (r² = 0.08, p = 0.02).
FIGURE 5 in Multidecadal fishers' knowledge reveals overexploitation of sharks in southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 5 | Photographs showing past and present of beach seine catches of spinner shark, Carcharhinus brevipinna, caught in Arraial do Cabo, Brazil. A. Individuals caught in 1979; B. In 1996; C. In 2005; and D. In 2014. Images were kindly provided by interviewed fishers of Arraial do Cabo.
FIGURE 4 in Multidecadal fishers' knowledge reveals overexploitation of sharks in southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 4 | Spatial distribution of fishing grounds of best day's shark catches in Arraial do Cabo (number of individuals caught). A. Spinner shark, Carcharhinus brevipinna, catches from 1979 to 2005 and B. 2006 to 2019; C. Shortfin mako shark, Isurus oxyrinchus, catches from 1962 to 2005 and D. 2006 to 2019; E. Sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, catches from 1968 to 2005 and F. 2008 to 2019.
FIGURE 2 in Multidecadal fishers' knowledge reveals overexploitation of sharks in southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 2 | Spinner shark, Carcharhinus brevipinna, catches according to beach seine fishers in Arraial do Cabo (with second order polynomial regression line shown r2 = 0.09, p = 0.5).
FIG. 7 in Revision of the genus Benthogenia Fisher, 1911 (Asteroidea, Echinodermata), with description of a new species and ossicle anatomy
FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view; B, oral in abradial view; C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view; D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view; F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm.
FIG. 6. — Benthogenia mahi n in Revision of the genus Benthogenia Fisher, 1911 (Asteroidea, Echinodermata), with description of a new species and ossicle anatomy
FIG. 6. — Benthogenia mahi n. sp. in abactinal (A, C, E) and actinal view (B, D, F): A, B, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, D, MNHN-IE-2007-1580; E, F, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Scale bars: 5 cm.
FIG. 4 in Revision of the genus Benthogenia Fisher, 1911 (Asteroidea, Echinodermata), with description of a new species and ossicle anatomy
FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN-IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm.
FIG. 8 in Revision of the genus Benthogenia Fisher, 1911 (Asteroidea, Echinodermata), with description of a new species and ossicle anatomy
FIG. 8. — Arm sections of Benthogenia mahi n. sp. holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216 (A) and Hyphalaster inermis Sladen, 1883 USNM 1018661 (B). Red bars show the width (W) of and the height (H) of the superomarginals. Scale bars: 1 cm.
FIG. 3 in Revision of the genus Benthogenia Fisher, 1911 (Asteroidea, Echinodermata), with description of a new species and ossicle anatomy
FIG. 3. — Marginals and arms in abactinal view of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D, F): A, holotype USNM 28655; B, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, E, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, F, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations: im, inferomarginals; pax, paxillae; sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: 5 mm.
FIG. 1 in Revision of the genus Benthogenia Fisher, 1911 (Asteroidea, Echinodermata), with description of a new species and ossicle anatomy
FIG. 1. — Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 in abactinal (A, C, E) and actinal view (B, D, F): A, B, holotype USNM 28655; C, D, MNHN-IE-2007-1828; E, F, MNHN-IE-2019-3848. Scale bars: 5 cm.
FIG. 2 in Revision of the genus Benthogenia Fisher, 1911 (Asteroidea, Echinodermata), with description of a new species and ossicle anatomy
FIG. 2. — Cribriform organs on the marginals of the disc: A, B, Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848; C, D, Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations: im, inferomarginals; sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: A, C, 1 cm; B, D, 5 mm.
FIG. 5 in Revision of the genus Benthogenia Fisher, 1911 (Asteroidea, Echinodermata), with description of a new species and ossicle anatomy
FIG. 5. — Oral frame of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D): A, holotype of Benthogenia cribellosa USNM 28655; B, holotype and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Scale bars: 5 mm.
Number of fishers adaptations with increasing single hazard exposure
<p>Using a systematic review approach, we identified a global dataset of 301 reported adaptation responses of small-scale fishers to climate change. Here we calculated the number of the different types of fishers’ responses inside each of the corresponding climate change hazard exposure levels (i.e. percentiles) from four selected hazards: sea surface temperature rate of change, accumulated intensity of marine heatwaves, sea level rise of sea surges, and frequency of tropical storms. The magnitude of exposure was calculated using the following percentiles: 25th percentile (low exposure), 50th (medium), 75th (high), and 90th (hotspot)</p>
Abundance-mediated species interactions between coyote, fisher, and marten in Northeastern US
<p>Ecological theory posits that the strength of interspecific interactions is fundamentally underpinned by the population sizes of the involved species. Nonetheless, contemporary approaches for modelling species interactions predominantly centre around occupancy states. Here, we use simulations to illuminate the inadequacies of modelling species interactions solely as a function of occupancy, as is common practice in ecology. We demonstrate erroneous inference into species interactions due to bias in parameter estimates when considering species occupancy alone. To address this critical issue, we propose, develop, and demonstrate an occupancy-abundance model designed explicitly for modelling abundance-mediated species interactions involving two or more species. When modelling interactions as a function of abundance rather than occupancy, we uncover previously unidentified interactions. Through an empirical case study and comprehensive simulations, we demonstrate the importance of accounting for abundance when modelling species interactions, and we present a statistical framework equipped with MCMC samplers to achieve this paradigm shift in ecological research.</p>
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