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107 results for “Foliage”
Multiple Element Limitation in Northern Hardwood Ecosystems (MELNHE): Foliage Scans and Photographs
In the MELNHE project, we are conducting nutrient manipulations in three study sites in the White Mountain National Forest in New Hampshire: Bartlett Experimental Forest, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, and Jeffers Brook. We monitored foliar chemistry in 11 of our stands pre-treatment (2008-2010) and post-treatment (2014-2016 and 2021-22). In 2021-22 , we also measured specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, carbon isotope composition, and stomatal density. This dataset includes scans of the foliage sampled in 2021-22, used to measure leaf area, and photos of all foliage samples used for trait measurements and chemical analysis. For the corresponding trait and chemistry data, please see the following dataset: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?packageid=knb-lter-hbr.313.1 Additional detail on the MELNHE project, including a datatable of site descriptions and a pdf file with the project description and diagram of plot configuration can be found in this data package: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-hbr&identifier=344 These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Some of these data have been published in: Jenna M Zukswert, Matthew A Vadeboncoeur, Ruth D Yanai, Responses of stomatal density and carbon isotope composition of sugar maple and yellow birch foliage to N, P and CaSiO3 fertilization, Tree Physiology, Volume 44, Issue 1, January 2024, tpad142, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpad142
1-km forest tree height, cover, plant area index, and foliage height diversity for the CONUS
<p>Consistent and spatially explicit periodic monitoring of forest structure is essential for estimating forest-related carbon emissions, analyzing forest degradation, and supporting sustainable forest management policies. To date, few products are available that allow for continental to global operational monitoring of changes in canopy structure. In this study, we explored the synergy between the NASA’s spaceborne Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) waveform LiDAR and the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) data to produce spatially explicit and consistent annual maps of canopy height (CH), percent canopy cover (PCC), plant area index (PAI), and foliage height diversity (FHD) across the conterminous United States (CONUS) at 1-km resolution for 2013-2020. The accuracies of the annual maps were assessed using forest structure attribute derived from airborne laser scanning (ALS) data acquired between 2013 and 2020 for the 48 National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) field sites distributed across the CONUS. The root mean square error (RMSE) values of the annual canopy height maps as compared with the ALS reference data varied from a minimum of 3.31-m for 2020 to a maximum of 4.19-m for 2017. Similarly, the RMSE values for PCC ranged between 8% (2020) and 11% (all other years). Qualitative evaluations of the annual maps using time series of very high-resolution images further suggested that the VIIRS-derived products could capture both large and “more” subtle changes in forest structure associated with partial harvesting, wind damage, wildfires, and other environmental stresses.</p>
Nitrogen production and foliage biomass from LTER sites 1989
The nitrogen productivity (N-productivity) concept represents one approach for development of algorithms for expansion from the individual tree to stand or landscape levels of estimation of primary production across the earth's surface. A simple equation based on the N-productivity concept can be used to estimate plant production from the individual tree to stand level geographic units. Maximum N-productivity equations were developed for balsam poplar, white birch, and white spruce on an individual tree basis for the taiga of interior Alaska. Maximum N-productivity equations were also developed for aspen, balsam poplar, and white spruce on a unit area basis (m2). A single equation for all species sampled and individual stands was developed on a unit area basis. The calculated productivity for test stands was in close agreement to the measured productivity from the landscape perspective. The set of equations presented can be used for calculation of taiga forest productivity in a geographic model developed within a GIS software package in which the landscape unit is an integral part of the model structure.
Supplementary data for global distribution of mercury in foliage predicted by machine learning
<p>Global distribution of foliar mercury concentrations and pools with a spatial resolution of 0.25 latitude by 0.25 longitude, predicted by machine learning.</p>
Text-fig. 1. A. Location of the sites of Capo di Fiume, Palena and Pollenzo near Alba. B. Capo di Fiume stratigraphic section. Facies of coastal-transitional marine associations – a. Freshwater marsh and tidal creeks interval, b. Swamp interval, c1–c4. Facies of eustarine bay associations, d1–d6. Facies of open shelf marine associations. Symbols: "black star" – fossiliferous horizon with plant material studied here, 1. mottled grey to dark-brown marls and clayey marls, 2. fissile dark-grey marls and shaly marls, 3. limestones, 4. marly limestones and limey marls, 5. bio-lithoclastic calcarenites, 6. lime conglomerate, 7. massive muddy deposit produced by mass-flow mechanism, 8. diatomitic marls, 9. "terra rossa" soil (modified after Carnevale et al. 2011). in Feather Palm Foliage From The Messinian Of Italy (Capo Di Fiume, Palena And Pollenzo Near Alba) Within The Framework Of Northern Mediterranean Late Miocene Flora
Text-fig. 1. A. Location of the sites of Capo di Fiume, Palena and Pollenzo near Alba. B. Capo di Fiume stratigraphic section. Facies of coastal-transitional marine associations – a. Freshwater marsh and tidal creeks interval, b. Swamp interval, c1–c4. Facies of eustarine bay associations, d1–d6. Facies of open shelf marine associations. Symbols: "black star" – fossiliferous horizon with plant material studied here, 1. mottled grey to dark-brown marls and clayey marls, 2. fissile dark-grey marls and shaly marls, 3. limestones, 4. marly limestones and limey marls, 5. bio-lithoclastic calcarenites, 6. lime conglomerate, 7. massive muddy deposit produced by mass-flow mechanism, 8. diatomitic marls, 9. "terra rossa" soil (modified after Carnevale et al. 2011).
Fig. 2 in Late Gzhelian pteridosperms with callipterid foliage of the Donets Basin, Ukraine
Fig. 2. Stratigraphic position, lithological successions, depositional environments interpretations and plant assemblages of the plant−bearing strata in the locality Luganskoye. ISS, International Stratigraphic Scale
Fig. 1 in Late Palaeozoic foliage from China displays affinities to Cycadales rather than to Bennettitales necessitating a re-evaluation of the Palaeozoic Pterophyllum species
Fig. 1. Map of NE China and Korea showing the localities from which Pseudoctenis samchokense fossils have been collected (grey symbols) and the locality from which Primocycas chinensis fossils have been described (black symbol).
Linked collectors and determiners for: NEON Biorepository Terrestrial Plant Collection (Canopy Foliage).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "NEON Biorepository Terrestrial Plant Collection (Canopy Foliage)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/f0b88eb8-cfc1-4989-861d-30521645ce11">https://bionomia.net/dataset/f0b88eb8-cfc1-4989-861d-30521645ce11</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/f0b88eb8-cfc1-4989-861d-30521645ce11">https://gbif.org/dataset/f0b88eb8-cfc1-4989-861d-30521645ce11</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Foliage chemistry across a compositional gradient of intermediate-aged and mature forest stands within Interior Alaska collected 2008-2011.
This dataset includes foliage %C and %N data for intermediate-aged (20-59 yr old) and mature (60+ yr old) boreal forest stands across interior Alaska. Data have not been published.
Foliage chemistry of the major tree and shrub species in Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest
Foliage (leaf tissue) chemistry across the various treatment and control plots in each of the successional stages of boreal forest located in the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest.
Silicon content of canopy foliage along an elevation gradient near W6 at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 1998-2008
Leaf tissue was collected for the three dominant tree species; sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), American beech (Fagus grandifolia Erhr.), and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) at the full-grown stage in August of each year. Individual leaves were collected from manually cut branches throughout the canopies of trees at different elevations in the Bear Brook area west of, and representative of, W6. Fifteen trees (five per species in the low, middle and high elevation zones) were sampled each year from 1998-2008. Leaf samples were handled with nitrile gloves at all stages. The leaf samples were composited by species, dried (60C) and ground (mortar and pestle) before analysis. Total biogenic silicon (SiO2) content was measured for every second year using a single-step chemical extraction. Measurements were aimed to estimate annual Si uptake, and standing Si stocks in living biomass for northern hardwood forest. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Birds with Foliage mosaic, late 4th-mid 5th c CE
From artsmia.org "*Scrolls of vine and acanthus leaves enclosing human or animal forms, called rinceaux, were frequently used in the borders of large mosaic compositions. The rinceaux in this mosaic segment include birds, symbolizing the soul, and pomegranates, referring to the annual return of spring and therefore the Christian hope in immortality and resurrection.*" More info about the artwork here: https://collections.artsmia.org/art/1739/birds-with-foliage-turkey Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Fig. 1 in Late Gzhelian pteridosperms with callipterid foliage of the Donets Basin, Ukraine
Fig. 1. Location of the outcrop at Luganskoye (starlet) in the Donets Basin.
Relationships between abiotic factors, foliage chemistry and herbivory in a tropical montane ecosystem
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Divergent responses of forest dominant trees species to the manipulated canopy and understory nitrogen additions in terms of foliage stoichiometric, economic and hydraulic traits
<p>Nitrogen (N) deposition effects on the stoichiometric balance and photosynthetic and hydraulic couplings in subtropical forests has drawn wide attentions. The previously adopted understory application of N fertilization is criticized because it might ignore foliar N retention for different species. This paper reports a fertilizing application from the canopy (CAN) and under the canopy (UAN) in a phosphorus (P) limited ecosystem. Foliage stoichiometric, photosynthetic and hydraulic traits of six dominant species were measured and analyzed. Both treatments equally enhanced foliage N and N/P, but not foliage P, who was highly species-specific depending on tree height, which implied enhanced P limitation. Decreased isotope abundance of <sup><span>15</span></sup>N (δ<sup><span>15</span></sup>N) that approaching to the level in the urea fertilizer under CAN suggested the existence of canopy retention of N. Besides, N response sensitivity of N, P and δ<sup><span>15</span></sup>N that positively related to tree height (H) under CAN indicated different exposure to the added N, which promoted stoichiometric imbalance among species. The photosynthetic traits represented by net photosynthesis (<i><span>A</span></i><sub><span>n</span></sub>) increased under both treatments. A divergent foliar photosynthetic and hydraulic traits varations was identified by signifcant decreased stomatal conductance (<i>g</i><sub><span>s</span></sub>) and <i><span>A</span></i><sub><span>n </span></sub>/<i><span>g</span></i><sub><span>s</span></sub> for CAN treatments, which induced the elevated isotope abundance of <sup><span>13</span></sup>C (δ<sup><span>13</span></sup>C). Correspondingly, foliage hydraulic traits that shifted to water use efficiency axis were identified only under CAN in principal component analysis. Overall, our results proved that the canopy obsorbtion and species heterogeneity should be considered regarding foliar safety vs efficiency trade-off in response to nitrogen additions in the future.</p>
Data from: A versatile method for assessing pathogenicity of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus to ash foliage
We describe a method for inoculating rachises of Fraxinus excelsior (European or common ash) with Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, which is faster than previous methods and allows associated foliar symptoms to be assessed on replicate leaves. A total of ten ash seedlings were inoculated with five isolates of H. fraxineus and lesion development assessed over four weeks. A five‐point disease progress scale of symptom development was developed from no lesion (0), lesion on rachis (1), "pre‐top dead," with curling of distal leaflets and bending of the rachis (2), top dead, with wilting and death of distal leaflets (3) to leaf abscission (4). The method revealed variation in aggressiveness of H. fraxinus isolates and may be suitable for assessing the resistance of F. excelsior and other Fraxinus species to dieback. The in vitro growth rate of H. fraxineus isolates was highly correlated with both disease progress and the length of rachis lesions on susceptible plants, indicating that it can be used as a preliminary step in selecting isolates with high aggressiveness for use in resistance screening.
FIGURE 4 in Taxonomy, distribution, natural history and conservation of the Russet-mantled Foliage-gleaner Syndactyla dimidiata (Pelzeln, 1859) (Aves: Furnariidae)
FIGURE 4. Range of Syndactyla dimidiata based on personally examined specimens (white squares), digital photographs of specimens (white circles) and published sight records (black circles). See Appendix 1. Black arrows indicate the type localities of Anabates dimidiatus Pelzeln, 1859, Philydor baeri Hellmayr, 1911, and Xenoctistes mirandae Snethlage, 1928. Grey shading indicates the limits of Cerrado vegetation (see Lopes 2008). See Fig. 2 for abbreviations of Brazilian states.
FIGURE 3 in Taxonomy, distribution, natural history and conservation of the Russet-mantled Foliage-gleaner Syndactyla dimidiata (Pelzeln, 1859) (Aves: Furnariidae)
FIGURE 3. Scatterplots of the first versus the second principal component scores of a Principal Component Analysis of the morphometric variables measured from male specimens of Syndactyla dimidiata (see Table 2). Given the small sample size, we did not perform a PCA analysis for females. Factor loadings are presented as a table in the upper left corner of the figure. The first principal component (PC1) accounted for 49.7% of the variation, and the second principal component (PC2) explained 24.9%.
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomy, distribution, natural history and conservation of the Russet-mantled Foliage-gleaner Syndactyla dimidiata (Pelzeln, 1859) (Aves: Furnariidae)
FIGURE 1. Extremes of chromatic variation in Syndactyla dimidiata. Above: male (DZUFMG 5859) collected at the type locality of Philydor baeri, state of Minas Gerais. Note its predominantly dull ochraceous tones. Below: female (DZUFMG 6165) collected in the Distrito Federal. Note its predominantly ochraceous rufous tones.
FIGURE 2 in Taxonomy, distribution, natural history and conservation of the Russet-mantled Foliage-gleaner Syndactyla dimidiata (Pelzeln, 1859) (Aves: Furnariidae)
FIGURE 2. Geographical distribution of chromatic variation in Syndactyla dimidiata. Numbers indicate the coloration of the specimens examined, being: 1—birds with predominantly dull ochraceous tones, such as the type of P. bae ri; 2—birds intermediate between the types of P. baeri and of A. dimidiatus; 3—rufescent-brown birds such as the type of A. dimidiatus and 4—birds with predominantly ochraceous rufous tones. Note that the chromatic variation observed in this species is continuous, and that the division presented here is somewhat arbitrary. Only definitive-plumaged specimens that were personally examined were included. Brazilian states are indicated as follows: TO—Tocantins, BA—Bahia, GO—Goiás, MT—Mato Grosso, MS— Mato Grosso do Sul, MG—Minas Gerais, SP—São Paulo, PR—Paraná.
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