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147 results for “Foraging: behavior”
Evolution of left-right asymmetry in the sensory system and foraging behavior during adaptation to food-sparse cave environments
<p>Laterality in relation to behavior and sensory systems is found commonly in a variety of animal taxa. Despite the advantages conferred by laterality (e.g., the startle response and complex motor activities), little is known about the evolution of laterality and its plasticity in response to ecological demands. In the present study, a comparative study model, the Mexican tetra (<em>Astyanax mexicanus</em>), composed of two morphotypes, i.e., riverine surface fish and cave-dwelling cavefish, was used to address the relationship between environment and laterality. The use of a machine learning-based fish posture detection system and sensory ablation revealed that the left cranial lateral line significantly supports one type of foraging behavior, i.e., vibration attraction behavior, in one cave population. Additionally, left-right asymmetric approaches toward a vibrating rod became symmetrical after fasting in one cave population but not in the other populations. Based on these findings, we propose a model explaining how the observed sensory laterality and behavioral shift could help adaptation in terms of the tradeoff in energy gain and loss during foraging according to differences in food availability among caves.</p> <p>This repository contains all of raw videos used in this study.</p> <p>Please let us know if you have any question on these videos</p>
Individual capture history affects site use and defensive behavior of foraging eastern copperheads at a recreational site in eastern Kentucky, 2022
This package contains behavioral, demographic, and environmental data from a study investigating the role individual capture history plays in shaping foraging and defensive behaviors of eastern copperheads (Agkistrodon contortrix) at a ~0.1 hectare recreational site in the Daniel Boone National Forest, Wolfe county, Kentucky. Behavioral data was collected using a four-stage trial simulating in-situ encounters between humans and vipers, where each stage is scored on a 0-3 scale according to the most extreme behavior exhibited. Each individual's total score was the sum of scores in Stages 1-4. Snakes were located via nightly visual surveys of the site during copperheads' active season. Each copperhead was caught after the conclusion of its' behavioral trial, and demographic information including sex, mass, snout-vent length, and total length were recorded. For snakes that had been detected and tagged at this site previous, PIT tag ID and number of years the individual was previously recaptured were also recorded. Air temperature, relative humidity, and soil temperature at a depth of 3 cm were recorded. Within our study system, result suggest that copperheads' defensive response to human approach is best explained by individual capture history, as opposed to temperature or body size.
Fig. 6 in Unravelling the foraging behavior of the southern stingray, Hypanus americanus (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) in a Southwestern Atlantic MPA
Fig. 6. Illustrations of species-typical patterns of foraging behavior performed by Hypanus americanus in the FNA in phase 5 entitled as final phase. The sub-phases are named as (a) active take-off; (b) drift take-off; (c) rest; (d) bury. The arrow indicates the direction of the movement. The figures were drawn using original still photographs.
Fig. 3 in Unravelling the foraging behavior of the southern stingray, Hypanus americanus (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) in a Southwestern Atlantic MPA
Fig. 3. Illustrations of species-typical patterns of foraging behavior performed by Hypanus americanus in the FNA in phase 2 entitled as settled upon the bottom. The sub-phases are named as (a) smooth-landing (two leftmost drawings); (b) roughlanding (two rightmost drawings). The arrow indicates the direction and the intensity of the movement. Thicker arrow means a more intense and/or abrupt and/or rapid movement. The figures were drawn using original still photographs.
Fig. 4 in Unravelling the foraging behavior of the southern stingray, Hypanus americanus (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) in a Southwestern Atlantic MPA
Fig. 4. Illustrations of species-typical patterns of foraging behavior performed by Hypanus americanus in the FNA in phase 3 entitled as secondary search (on the bottom). The sub-phases are named as (a) reverse on the bottom; (b) rotation on the bottom; (c) short forward displacement; (d) hit the bottom; (e) digging; (f) jetting water; (g) passive inspection; (h) active inspection. The arrow indicates the direction of the movement. The figures were drawn using original still photographs.
Fig. 1 in Unravelling the foraging behavior of the southern stingray, Hypanus americanus (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) in a Southwestern Atlantic MPA
Fig. 1. Map of the study sites in the Fernando de Noronha Arquipelago (FNA). The darker lines indicate the 20m and 50m isobaths. Inside the thinner line, there is the Marine Protected Area (MPA), while outside it, there is the Environmental Protection Area (EPA) for sustainable use. Both areas comprehend the land and insular shelf up to 50m isobaths. Circles indicate the sampling locations where focal-animal, ad libitum and intensive search methods were used; triangles indicate the sampling locations where only the intensive search method was used (see Material and Methods).
Fig. 8 in Foraging behavior interactions between the invasive Nile Tilapia (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) and three large native predators
Fig. 8. Activity (inactive, swimming and avoidance) by the Nile Tilapia (mean ± SD) in the tanks with Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (white circles), Salminus brasiliensis (white squares) and Brycon orbignyanus (black triangles), for 0%, 50%, 100% and RD treatments. The three-way ANOVA for these data suggested interaction (P =0.029) among species, structural complexity and activity. The avoidance activity was not observed.
Novel Foraging Behaviors of Scolopendra dehaani (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae) in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
<p>Data from three observations of <em>Scolopendra dehaani</em> predation on vertebrate prey, and two supplemental observations further highlighting diurnal foraging and use of trees. Observation data from Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand. Included: photographic evidence of predation observations, diurnal foraging, and arboreality with a .csv file with corresponding event data.</p> <p> </p> <p>Data_S.dehaani_observations.csv file column headings:</p> <p>folderID: The Zenodo folder ID containing the photographic or video evidence of events.</p> <p>obvdate: Date of observation (mm/dd/yyyy)</p> <p>obvtime: Time of observation (24hr; ICT)</p> <p>Easting_utm: UTM easting (Datum WGS84)</p> <p>Northing_utm: UTM northing (Datum WGS84)</p> <p>ups_zone: UTM Zone (47N or 48N)</p> <p>gps_accuracy: Accuracy of GPS location (m)</p> <p>notes: Comments and details on events/observations</p>
Foraging behavior of tagged rock ants (Temnothorax rugatulus)
<p><span>Technological advances continue to push the boundaries of scientific inquiry in animal behavior. One such development is the emergence of automated tracking systems, which enable the collection of high-resolution spatio-temporal information for animals. Although tag-based tracking systems provide valuable insights into animal movement and collective behavior, the attachment of devices can have detrimental effects in some cases. Here, we investigated the effects of recently developed miniature tracking tags using the rock ant, </span><em><span>Temnothorax rugatulus</span></em><span>, as a model system. To do so, we compared the foraging activities of tagged ants and untagged ants (who lost their tags) within initially fully-tagged colonies. Additionally, we compared the foraging activities of these initially fully-tagged colonies with those of no-tag control colonies (no one was tagged). We found that tags did not significantly reduce individual activity, with tagged ants visiting the food source as frequently as untagged ants within initially fully-tagged colonies. However, our analysis revealed a marked difference in recruitment behavior—tagged ants were less likely to participate in tandem runs than untagged ants. Furthermore, the number of tandem runs was higher for the no-tag control colonies than the initially fully-tagged colonies, in which 69–95% of colony members had tags. Our data suggest, for the first time, that tracking tags can negatively impact ant behavior. Although tracking devices are powerful tools for understanding complex behavioral patterns, it is crucial to carefully consider their potential impact on animal behavior to ensure accurate conclusions.</span></p>
Figure 2: Optimization in natural ants collective behavior: foraging and clustering (from [8])-Self-organization and social insects algorithms
<p>On figure 2, two examples of self-organization in natural ants are presented.<br> On the left side, the well-known Deneubourg experiment consists to highlight<br> with a very simple device the ant foraging problem. The ant objectives is<br> to find the optimal way from nest to food source, using pheromone trail deposition.<br> On the right side, cemetery clustering formation are shown at 4<br> successive times: ants form piles of corpses to clean their nests. Each of them<br> has elementary actions, unknowing the whole situation, but dealing only with<br> local information. There is no supervisor to lead the piles formation which<br> emerges from ant interactions.</p>
Fig. 2. Maximum likelihood tree for Crematogaster rothneyi and C. yaharai inferred from 12S in Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 2. Maximum likelihood tree for Crematogaster rothneyi and C. yaharai inferred from 12S rRNA sequences (12S, 387 bp). Numbers above nodes indicate the bootstrap values. Please note, only one sequence from each population was available.
Fig. 3 in Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 3. Crematogaster rothneyi. (A, B, C) non-type worker from Calcutta, India (HW 0.8; WL 0.9). (A) body in lateral view; (B) full-face view of head; (C) dorsal view of mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole. (D, E, F) non-type worker from Sulawesi, Indonesia (HW 0.74; WL 0.88). (D) body in lateral view; (E) full-face view of head; (F) dorsal view of mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole.
Fig. 1 in Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 1. Distribution map of the Crematogaster rothneyi group. Closed circle indicates C. rothneyi, closed triangle indicates C. rothneyi haputalensis, closed square indicates C. yaharai.
Fig. 5 in Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 5. Left antenna. (A) Crematogaster rothneyi; (B) Crematogaster yaharai. Arrow indicates antennal segments V and VI.
Fig. 4 in Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 4. Crematogaster yaharai, paratype worker from Cambodia (HW 0.72; WL 0.83). (A) body in lateral view; (B) full-face view of head; (C) dorsal view of mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole.
Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 7. Handling time (minutes) of both K unexposed (Ku, n = 3 groups) and K exposed (Ke, n = 3 groups) spider groups recorded during three different times (9 am, 1 pm and 5 pm) of the four experimental days.
Fig. 4 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 4. Web rebuilding ability (Size of the web (cm2 ± SEM) of the K unexposed (Kleptoparasite "K" is O. smaragdina) spider groups (Fasted (n = 3 groups) and Fed (n = 3 groups)) during the 4 experimental days. The regression lines, blue line (Fasted spider) has the Intercept a = 236.94, Slope b = 71.812 and Coefficient of Determination R² = 0.966 and the red line (Fed spider) has a = 78.925, b = 55.61 and R² = 0.955.
Fig. 3 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 3. Kleptoparasites of S. sarasinorum. (A) Argyrodes kumadai (Dewdrop spider). (B) Hyllus semicupreus (Heavy-bodied jumper). (C) Phintella vittata (Banded phintella). (D) Oxyopes javanus (Lynx spider). (E) Oecophylla smaragdina (Weaver ant). (F) Anoplolepis gracilipes (Yellow crazy ant). Photo courtesy of: Karunnappilli S. Nafin.
Fig. 6 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 6. Size of the web (cm2 ± SEM) built by fed and fasted (K unexposed ("- K exposure"): n = 3 groups) and K exposed ("+ K exposure"): n = 3 groups) spider groups.
Fig. 2 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 2. (A) An individual colony of S. sarasinorum. (B) Experimental set-up for the study. (C) Spiders (Host) in captivity- Ant (Kleptoparasite- O. smaragdina) exposed.
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