Skip to main content
ConductScienceScienceDex
Powered by ShareScore

Find research datasets worth reusing

Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.

24

datasets available to search

ShareScore release 0.9.0

Reset

Dataset results

24 results for “Forensic Identification”

Learn how ShareScore rates datasets ↗
zenodo44/100

Firemaker image collection for benchmarking forensic writer identification using image-based pattern recognition

<p>Disclaimer and terms of use:<br> ============================</p> <p>/*****************************************************************************\<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; This is the Firemaker NFI-images Distribution &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; This distribution contains 1000 images of scanned handwritten text, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; scanned at resolution 300dpi grey scale, containing pages of &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;*<br> * &nbsp; handwritten text by 250 writers, four pages per writer, from four &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; writing conditions, one condition per page. The conditions are: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; p1: copied, natural style, p2: copied, UPPER case, p3: copied and forged, *<br> * &nbsp; i.e.,&quot;try to write in a different style than your natural style&quot;, and p4, *<br> * &nbsp; self generated, i.e., text produced to describe a given cartoon. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;*<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; Copyright The International Unipen Foundation, 2000, All rights reserved &nbsp;*<br> *******************************************************************************<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp;DISCLAIMER AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE FOR ALL DATA CONTAINED ON THIS CDROM: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;*<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp;1) PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO USE THE DATA FOR RESEARCH &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; PURPOSES. IT IS NOT ALLOWED TO DISTRIBUTE THIS DATA FOR COMMERCIAL &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;*<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; PURPOSES. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp;2) PROVIDER GIVES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF ANY KIND AND ANY &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR PURPOSE ARE &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; DISCLAIMED. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp;3) PROVIDER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF ANY USE OF THIS &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;*<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; DATA. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp;4) THE USER SHOULD REFER TO THE FIRST PUBLIC ARTICLE ON THIS DATA SET: &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; M. Bulacu, L. Schomaker &amp; L. Vuurpijl (2003). &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; Writer identification using edge-based directional features. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;*<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; ICDAR &#39;03: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Document &nbsp;*<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; Analysis and Recognition, pp. 937-941. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;*<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; Piscataway: IEEE Computer, ISBN 0-7695-1960-1 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp;5) THE RECIPIENT SHOULD REFRAIN FROM PROLIFERATING THE DATA SET TO THIRD &nbsp; *<br> * &nbsp;PARTIES EXTERNAL TO HIS/HER LOCAL RESEARCH GROUP. PLEASE REFER INTERESTED &nbsp;*<br> * &nbsp;RESEARCHERS TO HTTP://UNIPEN.ORG FOR OBTAINING THEIR OWN COPY. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; *<br> \*****************************************************************************/</p> <p>BibTeX entry: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp; @inproceedings{Firemaker, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; author = {Bulacu, M. and Schomaker, L.R.B. and Vuurpijl, L.}, &nbsp; &nbsp;<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; title = {Writer Identification Using Edge-Based Directional Features},<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; booktitle = {ICDAR &#39;03: Proceedings of the 7th International&nbsp;<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition},<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; year = {2003},<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; isbn = {0-7695-1960-1},<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; pages = {937-941},<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; address = {Washington, DC, USA},<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;}</p> <p>In the project &quot;Vergelijk&quot;, a grant obtained from the Dutch Forensic Science<br> Institute, two existing professional writer-identification systems have been&nbsp;<br> compared regarding usability studies and in particular recognition&nbsp;<br> performance (Schomaker &amp; Vuurpijl, 2000). The results of this comparison&nbsp;<br> are contained in a confidential report:</p> <p>&nbsp; L.R.B. Schomaker and L.G. Vuurpijl (2000).&nbsp;<br> &nbsp; Forensic writer identification: A benchmark data set&nbsp;<br> &nbsp; and a comparison of two systems. Technical report,&nbsp;<br> &nbsp; Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information (NICI),&nbsp;<br> &nbsp; University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.</p> <p>Informative and non-confidential details from this report are&nbsp;<br> given in the accompanying file: &nbsp;&#39;firemaker-dbase.pdf&#39;</p> <p>To compare both systems, a carefully designed experiment was conducted to<br> record handwritten samples from male and female writers in several conditions:</p> <p>Condition 1: Normal constrained handwriting<br> ==============================================</p> <p>Below, the Dutch text writers had to produce in normal handwriting is given.&nbsp;</p> <p>--- start text ----<br> Zij bezochten veilingen en reisden met de KLM. Voor<br> korte afstanden huurden ze een auto, meestal een VW<br> of een Ford.<br> &lt;EMPTY LINE&gt;<br> De veilingen waren van 7-4-1993 tot 3-5-1993 in New<br> York, Tokyo, Qu&eacute;bec, Rome, Parijs, Z&uuml;rich en Oslo.<br> &lt;EMPTY LINE&gt;<br> Omdat de veilingen steeds begonnen om 12 uur en je<br> gemiddeld 200 tot 300 kilometer moest rijden,<br> stonden zij steeds om 6.30 uur op en vertrokken om<br> 8 uur uit het hotel.<br> &lt;EMPTY LINE&gt;<br> Elke dag hadden ze vijfhonderd (f 500,-) gulden<br> nodig. Daarvoor gebruikten ze elke keer een cheque<br> van tweehonderd (f 200,-) en een cheque van<br> driehonderd (f 300,-) gulden. Aan geschenken gaven<br> ze ongeveer honderd gulden (f 100,-) uit.<br> --- end text ----</p> <p><br> Condition 2: Production of constrained block capital handwriting<br> ================================================================</p> <p>In this condition, the writers had to produce the following text<br> in block-capital handwriting:</p> <p>--- start text ----<br> NADAT ZE IN NEW YORK, TOKYO, QU&Eacute;BEC, PARIJS, Z&Uuml;RICH<br> EN OSLO WAREN GEWEEST, VLOGEN ZE UIT DE USA TERUG<br> MET VLUCHT KL 658 OM 12 UUR.<br> &lt;empty line&gt;<br> ZE KWAMEN AAN IN DUBLIN OM 7 UUR EN IN AMSTERDAM OM<br> 9.40 UUR &#39;S AVONDS. DE FIAT VAN BOB EN DE VW VAN<br> DAVID STONDEN IN R3 VAN HET PARKEERTERREIN.<br> HIERVOOR MOESTEN ZE HONDERD GULDEN (F 100,-)<br> BETALEN.<br> --- end text ----</p> <p><br> Condition 3: Production of free-forged handwriting<br> ==================================================</p> <p>Below, the text writers had to produce in the free-forged handwriting<br> condition is given. No example of handwriting is given which they have to<br> mimick (forge), the condition concerns a self-conceived distorted&nbsp;<br> handwriting style.</p> <p>--- start text ----<br> Nog dezelfde avond reden ze naar hun vrienden<br> Chris, Emile, Jan, Irene en Henk, nadat ze hun<br> vriendinnen Greta en Maria hadden opgehaald.<br> &lt;EMPTY LINE&gt;<br> Samen hadden ze vijfhonderd (500) zeldzame<br> postzegels gekocht, Bob driehonderd (300) en David<br> tweehonderd (200).<br> &lt;EMPTY LINE&gt;<br> De reis was de moeite waard geweest.<br> --- end text ----</p> <p><br> Condition 4: Production of unconstrained handwriting<br> ====================================================</p> <p>The final text writers had to produce is unconstrained handwriting.<br> The cartoon, a series of pictures concerning a &#39;UFO&#39; landing had<br> to be described in their own words, in at least six lines of text.<br> See image file &quot;space.gif&quot;.</p> <p><br> Thruth labels and writer identifications<br> ========================================</p> <p>Each writer has a unique id, specified as:</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp;id: &nbsp; {num}{set}<br> &nbsp; num: &nbsp; a three-digit number<br> &nbsp;set: &nbsp; &nbsp;either 01, 02, 03 or 04, identifying one of the 4 experiments</p> <p>The vast majority of the writers producing sets 01, 02 and 03 mimicked the<br> content and layout (empty lines) of the constrained texts they had to copy<br> sufficiently accurately, such that the example texts are a good indication of<br> the contents. However, as set 04 (&quot;describe cartoon story&quot;) &nbsp;contains<br> unconstrained self-generated handwriting, the corresponding thruth &nbsp;labels had<br> to be extracted manually. The resulting label files are contained in &nbsp;the<br> directory ./300dpi/p4-self-natural/labels/</p> <p>Note: no letter, word, line or paragraph segmentation is provided with this<br> data set. The main text can be cropped easily. Since the orientation is<br> horizontal, projection techniques can be used to extract lines, using<br> a line-spacing parameter (~94 pixels line height) as an additional check.&nbsp;</p> <p><br> Overview of directories:</p> <p>300dpi/<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;p1-copy-normal/ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Copying task, normal writing style &nbsp;<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;p2-copy-upper/ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Copying task, UPPER-case&nbsp;<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;p3-copy-forged/ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Copying task, instructed to mimic another script style<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;p4-self-natural/ &nbsp; &nbsp; Self-generated text, natural writing condition</p> <p>Note: the original raw collection contained writer #155, who has been removed<br> from this data set, as his first condition (p1) was started in upper case and<br> the page was not &nbsp;completed. Deleted files were 15501.tif, 15502.tif, 15503.tif<br> and 15504.tif.</p> <p>Note: the name of this data set (Firemaker) is a contraction of the names<br> Vuurpijl and Schomaker.</p> <p>Note b: Example of a cutout of essential handwritten text using NetPBM tools: &nbsp;<br> &nbsp;tifftopnm 15201.tif | pnmcut -left 50 -right 2400 -top 700 -bottom 3250 &gt; handwriting.pgm</p> <p>&nbsp;For an experiment, the upper and lower halves of the resulting image were<br> &nbsp;usually used in the Schomaker &amp; Bulacu studies to obtain two samples of&nbsp;<br> &nbsp;handwriting for a writer.</p> <p>&nbsp;http://www.ai.rug.nl/~lambert<br> &nbsp;http://www.ai.rug.nl/~bulacu</p> <p>Our features for writer identification:</p> <p>Lambert Schomaker<br> &nbsp;http://www.ai.rug.nl/~lambert/allographic-fraglet-codebooks/allographic-fraglet-codebooks.html<br> &nbsp;L. Schomaker &amp; M. Bulacu (2004).&nbsp;<br> &nbsp;Automatic writer identification using connected-component contours and edge-based features of upper-case Western script.&nbsp;<br> &nbsp;IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol 26(6), June 2004, pp. 787 - 798.</p> <p>Marius Bulacu<br> &nbsp;http://www.ai.rug.nl/~lambert/hinge/hinge-transform.html<br> &nbsp;Bulacu, M. &amp; Schomaker, L.R.B. (2007).&nbsp;<br> &nbsp;Text-independent Writer Identification and Verification Using Textural and Allographic Features,&nbsp;<br> &nbsp;IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI), Special Issue - Biometrics: Progress and Directions, April, 29(4), p. 701-717.</p> <p>Axel Brink<br> &nbsp;http://www.ai.rug.nl/~axel/ &nbsp;&#39;Quill&#39; feature<br> &nbsp;A.A. Brink, J. Smit, M.L. Bulacu, and L.R.B. Schomaker (2011).&nbsp;<br> &nbsp;Writer identification using directional ink-trace width measurements,&nbsp;<br> &nbsp;Pattern Recognition (July 2011), doi: 10.1016/j.patcog.2011.07.005<br> &nbsp;<br> These three feature groups (hinge, fraglets, quill) have been combined in<br> a single MS Windows application, GIWIS which is available for scientific<br> use upon request (schomaker@ai.rug.nl)</p> <p>Note c.</p> <p>The accompanying file &#39;Firemaker-writer-info.dat&#39; contains some<br> writer information:&nbsp;<br> Column 1: writer identification code<br> Column 2: sex<br> Column 3: handedness,&nbsp;<br> Column 4: age in years<br> Column 5: major Western script group (print,cursive or mixed)<br> &nbsp;</p>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 1999View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 2 in Species identification of Middle Eastern blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of forensic importance

Fig. 2 The Middle Eastern blowflies of forensic importance. a Ch. putoria, anterior part of body, dorsal view. b Ch. putoria, distal part of female abdomen, postero-dorsal view. c Ch. albiceps, anterior part of body, dorsal view. d Ch. albiceps, distal part of female abdomen, posterodorsal view. e Ch. albiceps, head, antennae. f Ch. rufifacies, head, antennae. g Ch. rufifacies, anterior part of thorax, lateral view. h P. terraenovae, thorax, lateral view. i C. mortuorum, thorax, dorsal view. j C. mortuorum, posterior part of abdomen, male genital apparatus. k C. vicina, thorax, dorsal view. l C. vicina, head, lateral view. m C. vomitoria, head, lateral view. n H. pulchra, posterior part of thorax, lateral view. o H. ligurriens, head, antennae. p H. pulchra, head, antennae. acr set acrostichal setae, ant spir anterior spiracle, cer cercus, cr crevice/incision, gen dil genal dilation, III ant third antennal segment, kat ter katatergite, low cal lower calypter, mr band marginal band, p ep proepimeral seta, ps g postgena, sur surstylus, th thorax, up upper calypter, V ter / Vth fifth tergite

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2015View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 1 in Species identification of Middle Eastern blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of forensic importance

Fig. 1 The Middle Eastern blowflies of forensic importance. a Ch. albiceps, basal part of wing, stem vein. b C. vicina, thorax, upper, and lower calypters. c L. caesar, thorax, upper, and lower calypters. d Ch. albiceps, thorax, lateral view. e P. regina, thorax, lateral view. f Ch. pinguis, head, lateral view. g Ch. phaonis, thorax, upper, and lower calypters. h Ch. pinguis, thorax, upper, and lower calypters. i Ch. megacephala, thorax, lateral. j Ch. marginalis, wing. k Ch. nigripes, thorax, lateral view. ant spir anterior spiracle, gen dil genal dilation, gr amp great ampulla, kat set katepisternal setae, low cal lower calypter, ps g postgena, up cal upper calypter

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2015View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 3 in Species identification of Middle Eastern blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of forensic importance

Fig. 3 The Middle Eastern blowflies of forensic importance. a L. sericata, thorax, dorsal view. b L. cuprina, thorax, dorsal view. c L. sericata, head, posterior view. d L. cuprina, head, posterior view. e L. illustris, base of wing, ventral view. f L. silvarum, head, lateral view. g L. ampullacea, head, lateral view. h L. illustris, posterior part of thorax, lateral view. i L. ampullacea, posterior part of thorax, lateral view. j L. ampullacea, upper and lower calypters, lateral view. k L. porphyrina, upper, and lower calypters, lateral view. l L. papuensis, upper and lower calypters, lateral view. m L. caesar, posterior part of abdomen, male genital apparatus. n L. caesar, ovipositor, VIth tergite, lateral view. o L. illustris, posterior part of abdomen, male genital apparatus. p L. illustris, ovipositor, VIth tergite, lateral view. bas basicosta, cer cercus, cox str coxopleural streak, ep epandrium, h cal humeral callus, in ver inner vertical seta, kat ter katatergite, low cal lower calypter, mr band marginal band, ntl notopleuron, pal palpus, sb scl subcostal sclerite, sur surstylus, up cal upper calypter, VI ter sixth tergite

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2015View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 12 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 12. Spermathecae. (A) Oxysarcodexia paulistanensis, lateral view; scale: 0.05 mm; (B) Oxysarcodexia riograndensis, lateral view; scale: 0.05 mm; (C) Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans, lateral view; scale: 0.05 mm; (D) Peckia (Pattonella) resona, lateral view; scale: 0.05 mm; (E) Peckia (Euboettcheria) australis, lateral view; scale: 0.05 mm; (F) Peckia (Euboettcheria) florencioi, ventral view; scale: 0.05 mm; (G) Peckia (Sarcodexia) lambens, ventral view; scale: 0.05 mm; (H) Microcerella halli, lateral view; scale: 0.1 mm; (I) Sarcophaga (Bercaea) africa, lateral view; scale: 0.05 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 10 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 10. External female morphology of Sarcophaga (Bercaea) africa. (A) Habitus, lateral view; scale: 2 mm; (B) abdomen, dorsal view; scale: 2 mm; (C) abdominal terminal segments, ventral view; scale: 0.5 mm; (D) abdomen, ventral view; scale: 1 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 7 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 7. External female morphology of Peckia (Euboettcheria) florencioi. (A) Habitus, lateral view; scale: 2 mm; (B) abdomen, dorsal view; scale: 1 mm; (C) abdominal terminal segments, ventral view; scale: 0.5 mm; (D) abdomen, ventral view, scale: 1 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 5 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 5. External female morphology of Peckia (Pattonella) resona. (A) Habitus, lateral view; scale: 2 mm; (B) abdomen, dorsal view; scale: 2 mm; (C) abdominal terminal segments, ventral view; scale: 1 mm; (D) abdomen, ventral view; scale: 2 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 4 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 4. External female morphology of Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans. (A) Habitus, lateral view; scale: 1 mm; (B) abdomen, dorsal view; scale: 2 mm; (C) abdominal terminal segments, ventral view; scale: 1 mm; (D) abdomen, ventral view; scale: 2 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 9 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 9. External female morphology of Microcerella halli. (A) Habitus, lateral view; scale: 2 mm; (B) abdomen, dorsal view; scale: 2 mm; (C) abdominal terminal segments, ventral view; scale: 1 mm; (D) abdomen, ventral view; scale: 1 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo36/100

FIGURE 1 in Molecular identification of six species of Calliphoridae (Diptera) with forensic interest in Bogotá, Colombia

FIGURE 1: Phenogram distances created under the maximum likelihood model (ML).

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2017View details →
dryad32/100

Data from: Evaluation of microsatellite markers for populations studies and forensic identification of African lions (Panthera leo)

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

publicJul 2014View details →
zenodo28/100

Fig. 11 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 11. Female terminalia. (A) Oxysarcodexia paulistanensis (sternites 1–4 omitted); (B) Oxysarcodexia riograndensis (sternites 1–4 omitted); (C) Peckia (Pattonella) resona (sternites 1–4 omitted); (D) Peckia (Euboettcheria) florencioi (sternites 1–4 omitted); (E) Peckia (Sarcodexia) lambens (sternites 1–4 omitted); (F) Microcerella halli (sternites 1–4 omitted); (G) Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans (tergite 6 and sternite 1 omitted); (H) Peckia (Euboettcheria) australis; (I) Sarcophaga (Bercaea) africa (sternite 1 omitted). Scales: 1 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo28/100

Fig. 8 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 8. External female morphology of Peckia (Sarcodexia) lambens. (A) Habitus, lateral view; scale: 2 mm; (B) abdomen, dorsal view; scale: 1 mm; (C) abdominal terminal segments, ventral view; scale: 0.5 mm; (D) abdomen, ventral view; scale: 1 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo28/100

Fig. 3 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 3. External female morphology of Oxysarcodexia riograndensis. (A) Habitus, lateral view; scale: 2 mm; (B) abdomen, dorsal view; scale: 1 mm; (C) abdominal terminal segments, ventral view; scale: 0.5 mm; (D) abdomen, ventral view; scale: 1 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo28/100

Fig. 6 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 6. External female morphology of Peckia (Euboettcheria) australis. (A) Habitus, lateral view; scales: 2 mm; (B) abdomen, dorsal view; scale: 2 mm; (C) abdominal terminal segments, ventral view; scale: 0.5 mm; (D) abdomen, ventral view; scale: 1 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo28/100

Fig. 1 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 1. General morphology of female terminalia. (A) Oxysarcodexia paulistanensis (pink = tergite 8; green = cercus; yellow = hypoproct; blue = vaginal plate; dark red = spiracle 6; dark green = spiracle 7. (B) Peckia (Euboettcheria) florencioi (orange = epiproct). (C) Microcerella halli (light yellow = sternite 5; light green = sternite 6; light pink = sternites 7 + 8).

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo28/100

Fig. 2 in Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

Fig. 2. External female morphology of Oxysarcodexia paulistanensis. (A) Habitus, lateral view; scale: 2 mm; (B) abdomen, dorsal view; scale: 1 mm; (C) abdominal terminal segments, ventral view; scale: 0.5 mm; (D) abdomen, ventral view; scale: 1 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →
zenodo28/100

TASKS, SYSTEM, METHODS OF CRIMINALISTICS, RELATIONSHIP WITH LEGAL AND OTHER SCIENCES. FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION AND DIAGNOSIS

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2024View details →
zenodo28/100

Figure 1 from: Sonet G, Jordaens K, Braet Y, Bourguignon L, Dupont E, Backeljau T, de Meyer M, Desmyter S (2013) Utility of GenBank and the Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) for the identification of forensically important Diptera from Belgium and France. ZooKeys 365: 307-328. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.365.6027

Figure 1 - Best matches obtained for each species using five different search procedures:Barcode fragment (642–658 bp) submitted to GenBank (1) and the public records of BOLD (2); barcode fragment submitted to the species level records of BOLD, including early-released sequences (3); barcode fragment and keyword "barcode" submitted to GenBank (4) and longer COI fragment (1412–1534 bp) submitted to GenBank (5). Numbers of haplotypes used as queries are between parentheses. Longer COI fragments were obtained for all species except for Protophormia terraenovae.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2013View details →

ScienceDex guides

Understand access before you commit

These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.

Compare curated datasets

Allen Brain Atlas

Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.

allen-brain-atlas
neuroscienceopenDocumentation, web resources, and API references are available online.
Last verified 2026-04-30Open record

Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)

ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.

abode-home-cage
behavioral-neuroscienceopenThe DataShare record exposes download links for annotations, documentation, license text, and the zipped per-snippet data directory.
Last verified 2026-04-30Open record

DANDI Archive for NWB datasets

DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.

dandi-nwb
electrophysiologyopenPublished Dandiset metadata and archive endpoints are available through the production DANDI API.
Last verified 2026-04-30Open record

International Brain Laboratory public data

The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.

ibl
behavioral-neuroscienceopenPublic sessions can be searched and loaded from the IBL public data server through ONE.
Last verified 2026-04-29Open record

OpenNeuro

OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.

openneuro
neuroscienceopenPublished datasets are available on demand over the internet.
Last verified 2026-04-29Open record