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9 results for “Fungal fruit body”
Supplementary materials (processed data) for paper "Electrical signal transfer characteristics of mycelium-bound composites and fungal fruiting bodies."
<p>Processed data for paper "Electrical signal transfer characteristics of mycelium-bound composites and fungal fruiting bodies."</p>
Supplementary materials (raw data) for paper "Electrical signal transfer characteristics of mycelium-bound composites and fungal fruiting bodies"
<p>Raw data (B&K 891, C60 and VNA instruments) for the paper "Electrical signal transfer characteristics of mycelium-bound composites and fungal fruiting bodies"</p>
Invertebrates on fungal fruit bodies
<p><span class="listItem">Fungi and invertebrates comprise a major part of biodiversity in dead wood ecosystems and invertebrates depend on fungi to utilise the dead wood resource. Many invertebrates also visit the long‐lived fruit bodies of wood‐decay fungi to feed on spores, the hymenium or other invertebrates. However, as traditional sampling methods are labour‐intensive, we know little of these interactions.</span></p> <p><span class="listItem"><span class="Dummy">In this study, we use time‐lapse cameras to monitor invertebrates visiting the hymenium of a common wood‐decay fungus, </span><span class="fi">Fomitopsis pinicola</span><span class="Dummy">, and explain their activity in terms of temporal variation, temperature and presence of </span><span class="fi">Gyrophaena boleti</span><span class="Dummy">, a highly abundant fungivorous beetle living primarily in fruit bodies of </span><span class="fi">F. pinicola</span><span class="Dummy">.</span></span></p> <p><span class="listItem"><span class="Dummy">The most common invertebrates on </span><span class="fi">F. pinicola</span><span class="Dummy"> fruit bodies were Coleoptera, Araneae, Diptera, Gastropoda and Chilopoda. The invertebrate activity exhibited strong temporal variation with higher abundance during night and, for Coleoptera, earlier in the season. We discuss how this might correlate with the sporulation period of </span><span class="fi">F. pinicola</span><span class="Dummy">. The presence of </span><span class="fi">G. boleti</span><span class="Dummy"> had a positive impact on the predatory </span><span class="fi">Lordithon lunulatus</span><span class="Dummy"> and </span><span class="fi">Ipidia binotata</span><span class="Dummy">, and a negative impact on the fungivorous </span><span class="fi">Thymalus limbatus</span><span class="Dummy"> and </span><span class="fi">Peltis ferruginea</span><span class="Dummy">. Chilopoda and </span><span class="fi">L. lunulatus</span><span class="Dummy"> were ephemeral visitors, while the fungivorous Coleoptera and Araneae stayed the longest.</span></span></p> <p><span class="listItem">We estimated the invertebrates' visitation frequency and duration, which would be time‐consuming to obtain with traditional methods. We offer improvements to our method and urge future research on invertebrate–fungus interactions to quantify invertebrate visits to fungal fruit bodies.</span></p> <ol class="list"></ol>
Invertebrates on fungal fruit bodies
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Data collected by fruit body– and DNA-based survey methods yield consistent species-to-species association networks in wood-inhabiting fungal communities
<p>Inferring interspecific interactions indirectly from community data is of central interest in community ecology. Data on species communities can be surveyed using different methods, each of which may differ in the amount and type of species detected, and thus produce varying information on interaction networks. Since fruit bodies reflect only a fraction of the woodinhabiting fungal diversity, there is an ongoing debate in fungal ecology on whether fruit body– based surveys are a valid method for studying fungal community dynamics compared to surveys based on DNA metabarcoding. In this paper, we focus on species-to-species associations and ask whether the associations inferred from data collected by fruit-body surveys reflect the ones found from data collected by DNA-based surveys. We estimate and compare the association networks resulting from different survey methods using a joint species distribution model. We recorded both raw and residual associations that respectively do not and do correct for the influence of the abiotic predictors when estimating the species-to-species associations. The analyses of the DNA data yielded a larger number of species-to-species associations than the analyses of the fruit body–based data as expected. Yet, we estimated unique associations also from the fruit-body data. Our results show that the directions of estimated residual associations were consistent between the data types, whereas the raw associations were much less consistent, highlighting the need to account for the influence of relevant environmental covariates when estimating association networks. We conclude that even though DNA-based survey methods are more informative about the total number of interacting species, fruit-body surveys are also an adequate method for inferring association networks in wood-inhabiting fungi. Since the DNA and fruit-body data carry on complementary information on fungal communities, the most comprehensive insights are obtained by combining the two survey methods.</p>
Data collected by fruit body– and DNA-based survey methods yield consistent species-to-species association networks in wood-inhabiting fungal communities
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Plant litter, soil, plants and fungal fruiting bodies 15N, 13C, percent C and N along Dalton Highway, Alaska 2004, 1990, 2007.
The data set includes 15N and 13C for plant litter, soil, plants and fungal fruiting bodies (mycorrhizae), percent C (soil organic matter and percent N from samples collected in three separate trips (1990, 2004, 2007) along the transect of the Dalton Highway (AK) extending from the Yukon River on the south to Prudhoe Bay on the north.
Fungal fruit body assemblages are tougher in harsh microclimates
<p class="yiv932230127131"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Forest species are affected by macroclimate, however, the microclimatic variability can be more extreme and change through climate change. Fungal fruiting community composition was affected by microclimatic differences. Here we ask whether differences in the fruiting community can be explained by morphological traits of the fruit body, which may help endure harsh conditions. We used a dead wood experiment and macrofungal fruit body size, color, and toughness. We exposed logs of two host tree species under closed and experimentally opened forest canopies in a random-block design for four years and identified all visible fruit bodies of two fungal lineages (Basidio- and Ascomycota). We found a consistently higher proportion of tough-fleshed species in harsher microclimates under open canopies. Although significant, responses of community fruit body size and color lightness were inconsistent across lineages. We suggest the toughness-protection hypothesis,<i> </i>stating that tough-fleshed fruit bodies protect from microclimatic extremes by reducing dehydration. Our study suggests that the predicted increase of microclimatic harshness with climate change will likely decrease the presence of soft-fleshed fruit bodies. Whether harsh microclimates also affect the mycelium of macrofungi with different fruit body morphology would complement our findings and increase predictability under climate change.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Fungal fruit body assemblages are tougher in harsh microclimates
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