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33 results for “Global evapotranspiration”
CMIP6 derived ensemble of global vapor pressure deficit, potential evapotranspiration, and reference evapotranspiration
<p>Climate change induced trends in long-term aridity—via changes to atmospheric water demand for have the potential to impact surface water availability across the globe by altering efficiency by which precipitation is converted to runoff. Quantification of aridity requires estimates of evaporative demand, often using vapor pressure deficit, potential evapotranspiration, and/or reference evapotranspiration, but no comprehensive estimate of these climate variables exists to date from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6). Here we present global monthly estimates of the Penman-Monteith short grass reference evapotranspiration, its advective and radiation components, Priestley-Taylor potential evapotranspiration, and vapor pressure deficit from 16 CMIP6 general circulation models (GCM) for the historical period and four future emission scenarios ranging from low to high projected emissions. The purpose of this dataset is to offer structured and well-documented estimates of historical and future projected evaporative demand derived from the state-of-the-science CMIP6 climate models for use in hydrologic and ecological analyses. We produce a single file for all monthly values of each variable for individual GCM/emission scenario combination gridded at the given GCMs native resolution. Produced alongside all of the files are descriptions of each of the variables and generated python scripts that contain the functions used to estimate vapor pressure deficit, potential evapotranspiration, and reference evapotranspiration.</p>
Data for "A multimodal machine learning fused global 0.1° daily evapotranspiration dataset from 1950-2022" (2000-2024)
<p>The data contains simulation results from 2000-2024, 25 years total.</p> <p>You can access the remaining part of the dataset via Qingchen Xu and Lu Li (2025) using the following reference:</p> <p>Qingchen Xu, & Lu Li. (2025). Data for "A multimodal machine learning fused global 0.1° daily evapotranspiration dataset from 1950-2022" (1950-1974) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15671245</p> <p>Qingchen Xu, & Lu Li. (2025). Data for "A multimodal machine learning fused global 0.1° daily evapotranspiration dataset from 1950-2022" (1975-1999) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15671253</p>
Data for "A multimodal machine learning fused global 0.1° daily evapotranspiration dataset from 1950-2022" (1975-1999)
<p>The data contains simulation results from 1975-1999, 25 years total.</p> <p>You can access the remaining part of the dataset via Qingchen Xu and Lu Li (2025) using the following reference:</p> <p>Qingchen Xu, & Lu Li. (2025). Data for "A multimodal machine learning fused global 0.1° daily evapotranspiration dataset from 1950-2022" (1950-1974) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15671245</p> <p>Qingchen Xu, & Lu Li. (2025). Data for "A multimodal machine learning fused global 0.1° daily evapotranspiration dataset from 1950-2022" (2000-2024) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15671254</p>
Data for "A multimodal machine learning fused global 0.1° daily evapotranspiration dataset from 1950-2022" (1950-1974)
<p>The data contains simulation results from 1950-1974, 25 years total.</p> <p>You can access the remaining part of the dataset via Qingchen Xu and Lu Li (2025) using the following reference:<br>Qingchen Xu, & Lu Li. (2025). Data for "A multimodal machine learning fused global 0.1° daily evapotranspiration dataset from 1950-2022" (1975-1999) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15671253</p> <p>Qingchen Xu, & Lu Li. (2025). Data for "A multimodal machine learning fused global 0.1° daily evapotranspiration dataset from 1950-2022" (2000-2024) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15671254</p>
Analysis of global evapotranspiration datasets reveal hotspots of low and high agreement
<p><span>Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key component of the water cycle and varies widely across the globe. With increasing efforts to create multi-year global gridded products using a multitude of approaches, there is a need to understand where datasets agree and disagree to pinpoint where our collective understanding may fall short. We processed and homogenized fourteen gridded datasets from 2000-2019 to find hotspots of low and high dataset agreement world-wide as well as over different biomes, land cover, IPCC reference regions, elevation classes and ET intensity classes. The use of standardized quartile ranges and distribution testing established two complementary angles of collective agreement. We identified hotspots with low agreement, such as cold dry regions, as well as regions with high agreement. In regions with high agreement, we identified product-specific outliers. These regions can be of high interest for developers and inform users on product selection. </span></p>
PML_V2 global evapotranspiration and gross primary production (2000.02-2023.12)
<h2>Summary</h2> <p>This data is an <strong>8-day 5km (0.05°)</strong> data aggregated from the latest <strong>8day 500m PML-V2 global evapotranspiration and gross primary production data</strong> in Google Earth Engine, available since 2000.2.26 to 2023 (latest and will update annually).</p> <p><strong>Notes</strong></p> <ul> <li> <p>8-day means an average of the variable for the 8 days (xx d-1).</p> </li> <li> <p>Land evapotranspiration (ET) can be computed as a sum of Ec, Ei, and Es, while in water, Penman evapotranspiration denotes actual evaporation (ET_water).</p> </li> <li> <p>In a 5km resolution, please do not add ET_water to land ET as they represent a different coverage of area within the 5km pixel. Please see the coverage ratio file for each variable.</p> </li> </ul> <table> <tbody> <tr> <th>BandName</th> <th>Units</th> <th>Scale</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </tbody> <tbody> <tr> <td>GPP</td> <td>gC m-2 d-1</td> <td>0.01</td> <td>Gross primary product</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Ec</td> <td>mm d-1</td> <td>0.01</td> <td>Vegetation transpiration</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Es</td> <td>mm d-1</td> <td>0.01</td> <td>Soil evaporation</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Ei</td> <td>mm d-1</td> <td>0.01</td> <td>Interception from vegetation canopy</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ET_water</td> <td>mm d-1</td> <td>0.01</td> <td>Water body, snow and ice evaporation. Penman <br>evapotranspiration is regarded as actual evaporation for them.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2>Changes</h2> <p>Here, this PML-V2 dataset denotes <strong>the latest update</strong> that follows the original implementation of Zhang et al., 2019, <strong>except with </strong>Terra LAI for longer temporal coverage and annual updates.</p> <ul> <li> <p>Temporal coverage lengthened to 2000.2-2023.12</p> </li> <li> <p>Using MODIS Terra LAI (MOD15A2H) with original wWhd smoother processing as in Kong et al., 2019</p> </li> <li> <p>Recalibrated with the new MODIS Terra LAI</p> </li> <li> <p>Other climatic forcing and MODIS input remain the same</p> </li> </ul> <h2>Google Earth Engine</h2> <p>Original 500m 8-day data in GEE</p> <p>https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/CAS_IGSNRR_PML_V2_v018</p> <h2>Methods</h2> <p>Penman-Monteith-Leuning Evapotranspiration V2 (PML_V2) products include evapotranspiration (ET), its three components, and gross primary product (GPP) at 500m and 8-day resolution during 2000-2017 and with spatial range from -60°S to 90°N. The major advantages of the PML_V2 products are:</p> <ol> <li> <p>coupled estimates of transpiration and GPP via canopy conductance (Gan et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2019)</p> </li> <li> <p>partitioning ET into three components: transpiration from vegetation, direct evaporation from the soil and vaporization of intercepted rainfall from vegetation (Zhang et al., 2016).</p> </li> </ol> <p>The PML_V2 products perform well against observations at 95 flux sites across globe, and are similar to or noticeably better than major state-of-the-art ET and GPP products widely used by water and ecology science communities (Zhang et al., 2019).</p> <h2>References</h2> <ul> <li> <p>Zhang, Y., Kong, D., Gan, R., Chiew, F.H.S., McVicar, T.R., Zhang, Q., and Yang, Y., 2019. Coupled estimation of 500m and 8-day resolution global evapotranspiration and gross primary production in 2002-2017. Remote Sens. Environ. 222, 165-182, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.12.031">doi:10.1016/j.rse.2018.12.031</a></p> </li> <li> <p>Gan, R., Zhang, Y.Q., Shi, H., Yang, Y.T., Eamus, D., Cheng, L., Chiew, F.H.S., Yu, Q., 2018. Use of satellite leaf area index estimating evapotranspiration and gross assimilation for Australian ecosystems. Ecohydrology, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1974">doi:10.1002/eco.1974</a></p> </li> <li> <p>Zhang, Y., Peña-Arancibia, J.L., McVicar, T.R., Chiew, F.H.S., Vaze, J., Liu, C., Lu, X., Zheng, H., Wang, Y., Liu, Y.Y., Miralles, D.G., Pan, M., 2016. Multi-decadal trends in global terrestrial evapotranspiration and its components. Sci. Rep. 6, 19124. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/srep19124">doi:10.1038/srep19124</a></p> </li> </ul>
Datasets for "Reconciling global terrestrial evapotranspiration estimates from multi-product intercomparison and evaluation"
<p>Datasets for "Reconciling global terrestrial evapotranspiration estimates from multi-product intercomparison and evaluation"</p>
A benchmark dataset for global evapotranspiration estimation based on FLUXNET2015 from 2000 to 2022 (V1.0)
<p>Our released data mainly contains four types of data:</p> <p>(1) Half-hourly or hourly gap-filled LE data: The data are well gap-filled LE data using the novel bias-corrected RF algorithm. In the filenames, “HH” or “HR” indicate half-hourly or hourly scale data, respectively. The time information in the data files includes a pair of timestamps consistent with those in FLUXNET2015. The data are recorded at local time. The start time is “2000-02-18, 00:00:00”, and the end time is the same as the observation time at each site. For the quality control flags (QC), a value of 0 indicates observed data, while 1 indicates gap-filled data.</p> <p>(2) Prolonged daily LE data: This dataset provides the prolonged daily LE data using the novel bias-corrected RF algorithm. The seamless data covers the period from February 18, 2000, to December 31, 2022. For the prolonged part, the quality flag is set to 2. The rest data is consistent with the aggregated daily LE data.</p> <p>(3) Aggregated daily, monthly and yearly LE data: The hourly dataset is aggregated from the gap-filled half-hourly data to a daily scale. The start time is “2000-02-18”, and the end time is the same as the observation time at each site. Data quality control flags are also provided, with the values representing the percentage of hourly observations for each day. The monthly and yearly LE data are aggregated from the prolonged daily LE data. Quality control flags represent the proportion of days with more than 90% of hourly observations in a given month or a given year. No distinction is made between prolonged data and data with complete missing observations within a day. The start time for the monthly data is March 2000, and that for the yearly data is 2001.</p> <p>All files are formatted as csv files. NDVI and debiased reference variables from ERA5-Land are also provided.</p> <p>For more details of our data, please refer to a companion research article submitted to ESSD. <span>Li, W., Yao, Z., Qu, Y., Yang, H., Song, Y., Song, L., Wu, L., and Cui, Y.: A benchmark dataset for global evapotranspiration estimation based on FLUXNET2015 from 2000-2022, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, under review, 2024.</span> </p>
Supplementary data for "Recent increase in global land evapotranspiration is overestimated"
<p>Supplementary data for "Recent increase in global land evapotranspiration is overestimated"</p>
MODIS/Aqua Net Evapotranspiration Gap-Filled 8-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V061
The Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) MYD16A2GF Version 6.1 Evapotranspiration/Latent Heat Flux (ET/LE) product is a year-end gap-filled 8-day composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The improved algorithm is based on the logic of the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with MODIS remotely sensed data products such as vegetation property dynamics, albedo, and land cover.The MYD16A2GF will be generated at the end of each year when the entire yearly 8-day [MYD15A2H](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MYD15A2H.061) is available. Hence, the gap-filled MYD16A2GF is the improved MYD16, which has cleaned the poor-quality inputs from 8-day Leaf Area Index and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/FPAR) based on the Quality Control (QC) label for every pixel. If any LAI/FPAR pixel did not meet the quality screening criteria, its value is determined through linear interpolation. However, users cannot get MYD16A2GF in near-real time because it will be generated only at the end of a given year.Provided in the MYD16A2GF product are layers for composited ET, LE, Potential ET (PET), and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each MYD16A2GF granule.The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the sum of all eight days within the composite period, and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average of all eight days within the composite period. The last acquisition period of each year is a 5 or 6-day composite period, depending on the year.Known Issues* Operational and uncertainty issues are provided under Section 3 in the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Aqua&as=61).Improvments/Changes from Previous Version* The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017.* A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB).* The product uses Climatology LAI/FPAR as back up to the operational LAI/FPAR.
MODIS/Terra Net Evapotranspiration 8-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V061
The MOD16A2 Version 6.1 Evapotranspiration/Latent Heat Flux product is an 8-day composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The algorithm used for the MOD16 data product collection is based on the logic of the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remotely sensed data products such as vegetation property dynamics, albedo, and land cover. Provided in the MOD16A2 product are layers for composited Evapotranspiration (ET), Latent Heat Flux (LE), Potential ET (PET) and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each MOD16A2 granule.The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the sum of all eight days within the composite period and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average of all eight days within the composite period. Note that the last acquisition period of each year is a 5 or 6-day composite period, depending on the year.Known Issues* Operational and uncertainty issues are provided under Section 3 in the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Terra&as=61).Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions* The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017.* A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB).* The product uses Climatology LAI/FPAR as back up to the operational LAI/FPAR.
VIIRS/NPP Actual and Potential Evapotranspiration Gap-Filled Yearly L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V002
The NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Actual and Potential Evapotranspiration product is a gap-filled yearly composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The VIIRS ET and PET algorithm is based on the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with VIIRS remotely sensed data products such as 8-day vegetation property dynamics and daily surface albedo.The VNP16A3GF will be generated at the end of each year when the entire yearly 8-day VNP15A2H is available. Hence, the gap-filled VNP16A3GF is the improved VNP16A2, which has cleaned the poor-quality inputs from 8-day Leaf Area Index and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/FPAR) based on the Quality Control (QC) label for every pixel. If any LAI/FPAR pixel did not meet the quality screening criteria, its value is determined through linear interpolation. However, users cannot get VNP16A3GF in near-real time because it will be generated only at the end of a given year.Provided in the VNP16A3GF product are layers for composited Evapotranspiration (ET), Latent Heat Flux (LE), Potential ET (PET) and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each VNP16A3GF granule.The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the sum for all days within the defined year, and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average of all days within the defined year.Known Issues* Please refer to the [VIIRS Land Products website](https://viirsland.gsfc.nasa.gov/Products/NASA/ET_ESDR.html) and [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=VIIRS) for information about VNP16A3GF known issues.
VIIRS/JPSS1 Actual and Potential Evapotranspiration 8-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V002
The NOAA-20 Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Actual and Potential Evapotranspiration product is an 8-day composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The VJ116A2 algorithm is based on the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with VIIRS remotely sensed data products such as 8-day vegetation property dynamics and daily surface albedo.Provided in the VJ116A2 product are layers for composited Evapotranspiration (ET), Latent Heat Flux (LE), Potential ET (PET) and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each VJ116A2 granule.The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the summation of 8-day total water loss within the composite period and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average total energy over a unit area for a day during the composite period. Note that the last acquisition period of each year is a 5 or 6-day composite period, depending on the year.Known Issues* Please refer to the [VIIRS Land Products website](https://viirsland.gsfc.nasa.gov/Products/NASA/ET_ESDR.html) and [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=VIIRS) for information about VJ116A2 known issues.
MODIS/Aqua Net Evapotranspiration Gap-Filled 8-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V006
The MYD16A2GF Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MYD16A2GF Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MYD16A2GF.061) data product.The MYD16A2GF Version 6 Evapotranspiration/Latent Heat Flux (ET/LE) product is a year-end gap-filled 8-day composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The improved algorithm is based on the logic of the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remotely sensed data products such as vegetation property dynamics, albedo, and land cover.The MYD16A2GF will be generated at the end of each year when the entire yearly 8-day [MYD15A2H](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MYD15A2H.006) is available. Hence, the gap-filled MYD16A2GF is the improved MYD16, which has cleaned the poor-quality inputs from 8-day Leaf Area Index and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/FPAR) based on the Quality Control (QC) label for every pixel. If any LAI/FPAR pixel did not meet the quality screening criteria, its value is determined through linear interpolation. However, users cannot get MYD16A2GF in near-real time because it will be generated only at the end of a given year.Provided in the MYD16A2GF product are layers for composited ET, LE, Potential ET (PET), and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each MYD16A2GF granule.The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the sum of all eight days within the composite period, and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average of all eight days within the composite period. The last acquisition period of each year is a 5- or 6-day composite period, depending on the year.Known Issues* Operational and uncertainty issues are provided on page 13 in the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Aqua&as=6).Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions* Spatial resolution of Version 6 products has increased to nominal 500 m from nominal 1,000 m in Version 5.* Version 5 data products were previously distributed by the Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group at the University of Montana. The Version 6 products are a continuation of this project.
MODIS/Terra Net Evapotranspiration Yearly L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V006
The MOD16A3 Version 6 data product was decommissioned due to unexpected errors in the input data. Users are encouraged to use the [MOD16A3GF Version 6.1 data product](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD16A3GF.061).The MOD16A3 Version 6 Evapotranspiration/Latent Heat Flux product is a yearly composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The algorithm is based on the logic of the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remotely sensed data products such as vegetation property dynamics, albedo, and land cover. Provided in the MOD16A3 product are layers for yearly Evapotranspiration (ET), Latent Heat Flux (LE), Potential ET (PET) and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each MOD16A3 granule.The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the sum for all days within the defined year, and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average of all days within the defined year. Known Issues* Operational and uncertainty issues are provided under Section 3 in the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Terra&as=6).Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions* Spatial resolution of Version 6 products has increased to nominal 500 m from nominal 1,000 m in Version 5.* Version 5 data products were previously distributed by the Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group at the University of Montana. The Version 6 products are a continuation of this project.
MODIS/Aqua Net Evapotranspiration 8-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V006
The MYD16A2 Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MYD16A2 Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MYD16A2.061) data product.The MYD16A2 Version 6 Evapotranspiration/Latent Heat Flux product is an 8-day composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The improved algorithm is based on the logic of the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remotely sensed data products such as vegetation property dynamics, albedo, and land cover.Provided in the MYD16A2 product are layers for composited Evapotranspiration (ET), Latent Heat Flux (LE), Potential ET (PET) and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each MYD16A2 granule.The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the sum of all eight days within the composite period, and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average of all eight days within the composite period. Note that the last acquisition period of each year is a 5 or 6-day composite period depending on the year.Known Issues* Operational and uncertainty issues are provided under Section 3 in the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Aqua&as=6).Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions* Spatial resolution of Version 6 products has increased to nominal 500 m from nominal 1,000 m in Version 5.* Version 5 data products were previously distributed by the Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group at the University of Montana. The Version 6 products are a continuation of this project.
MODIS/Terra Net Evapotranspiration Gap-Filled Yearly L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V006
The MOD16A3GF Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MOD16A3GF Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD16A3GF.061) data product.The MOD16A3GF Version 6 Evapotranspiration/Latent Heat Flux (ET/LE) product is a year-end gap-filled yearly composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The algorithm used for the MOD16 data product collection is based on the logic of the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remotely sensed data products such as vegetation property dynamics, albedo, and land cover.The MOD16A3GF will be generated at the end of each year when the entire yearly 8-day [MOD15A2H](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD15A2H.006) is available. Hence, the gap-filled MOD16A3GF is the improved MOD16, which has cleaned the poor-quality inputs from yearly Leaf Area Index and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/FPAR) based on the Quality Control (QC) label for every pixel. If any LAI/FPAR pixel did not meet the quality screening criteria, its value is determined through linear interpolation. However, users cannot get MOD16A3GF in near-real time because it will be generated only at the end of a given year.Provided in the MOD16A3GF product are layers for composited ET, LE, Potential ET (PET), and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each MOD16A3GF granule.The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the sum for all days within the defined year, and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average of all days within the defined year.Known Issues* Operational and uncertainty issues are provided under Section 3 in the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Terra&as=6).Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions* Spatial resolution of Version 6 products has increased to nominal 500 m from nominal 1,000 m in Version 5.* Version 5 data products were previously distributed by the Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group at the University of Montana. The Version 6 products are a continuation of this project.
ECOSTRESS Gridded Evapotranspiration Instantaneous and Daytime L3 Global 70 m V002
The ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS) mission measures the temperature of plants to better understand how much water plants need and how they respond to stress. ECOSTRESS is attached to the International Space Station (ISS) and collects data globally between 52° N and 52° S latitudes. A map of the acquisition coverage can be found in Figure 2 on the [ECOSTRESS website](https://ecostress.jpl.nasa.gov/science).The ECOSTRESS Gridded Evapotranspiration Instantaneous and Daytime L3 Global 70 m (ECO_L3G_JET) Version 2 data product provides instantaneous canopy transpiration, leaf surface evaporation, and soil moisture evaporation using the Priestley-Taylor formula. This data product is mosaicked from the L3 tiled JET (ECO_L3T_JET) product, projected to a globally snapped 0.0006° grid, and has a spatial resolution of 70 meters (m).The ECO_L3G_JET Version 2 data product contains 12 layers distributed in an HDF5 format file including ETdaily, ETinstUncertainty, PTJPLSMinst, STICinst, MOD16inst, BESSinst, STICcanopy, PTJPLSMcanopy, PTJPLSMinterception, PTJPLSMsoil, cloud mask, and water mask.Known Issues* Data acquisition gap: ECOSTRESS was launched on June 29, 2018, and moved to autonomous science operations on August 20, 2018, following a successful in-orbit checkout period. On September 29, 2018, ECOSTRESS experienced an anomaly with its primary mass storage unit (MSU). ECOSTRESS has a primary and secondary MSU (A and B). On December 5, 2018, the instrument was switched to the secondary MSU and science operations resumed. On March 14, 2019, the secondary MSU experienced a similar anomaly, temporarily halting science acquisitions. On May 15, 2019, a new data acquisition approach was implemented, and science acquisitions resumed. To optimize the new acquisition approach TIR bands 2, 4, and 5 are being downloaded. The data products are as previously, except the bands not downloaded contain fill values (L1 radiance and L2 emissivity). This approach was implemented from May 15, 2019, through April 28, 2023.* Data acquisition gap: From February 8 to February 16, 2020, an ECOSTRESS instrument issue resulted in a data anomaly that created striping in band 4 (10.5 micron). These data products have been reprocessed and are available for download. No ECOSTRESS data were acquired on February 17, 2020, due to the instrument being in SAFEHOLD. Data acquired following the anomaly have not been affected.* Data acquisition: ECOSTRESS has now successfully returned to 5-band mode after being in 3-band mode since 2019. This feature was successfully enabled following a Data Processing Unit firmware update (version 4.1) to the payload on April 28, 2023. To better balance contiguous science data scene variables, 3-band collection is currently being interleaved with 5-band acquisitions over the orbital day/night periods.* Solar Array Obstruction: Some ECOSTRESS scenes may be affected by solar array obstructions from the International Space Station (ISS), potentially impacting data quality of obstructed pixels. The 'FieldOfViewObstruction' metadata field is included in all Version 2 products to indicate possible obstructions: * Before October 24, 2024 (orbits prior to 35724): The field is present but was not populated and does not reliably identify affected scenes. * On or after October 24, 2024 (starting with orbit 35724): The field is populated and generally accurate, except for late December 2024, when a temporary processing error may have caused false positives. * A [list of scenes](https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/documents/2249/obst_all.sort.gz) confirmed to be affected by obstructions is available and is recommended for verifying historical data (before October 24, 2024) and scenes from late December 2024.* The ISS native pointing information is coarse relative to ECOSTRESS pixels, so ECOSTRESS geolocation is improved through image matching with a basemap. Metadata in the L1B_GEO file shows the success of this geolocation improvement, using categorizations "best", "good", "suspect", and "poor". We recommend that users use only "best" and "good" scenes for evaluations where geolocation is important (e.g., comparison to field sites). For some scenes, this metadata is not reflected in the higher-level products (e.g., land surface temperature, evapotranspiration, etc.). While this metadata is always available in the geolocation product, to save users additional download, we have produced a [summary text file](https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/documents/2253/qa_20250423-present.txt) that includes the geolocation quality flags for all scenes from launch to present. At a later date, all higher-level products will reflect the geolocation quality flag correctly (the field name is GeolocationAccuracyQA).Improvements/Changes from Previous Version* This product utilizes a modified version of the Priestley-Taylor Jet Propulsion Laboratory (PT-JPL) model from the ECOSTRESS Evapotranspiration PT-JPL Daily L3
MODIS/Terra Net Evapotranspiration Gap-Filled 8-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V006
The MOD16A2GF Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MOD16A2GF Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD16A2GF.061) data product.The MOD16A2GF Version 6 Evapotranspiration/Latent Heat Flux (ET/LE) product is a year-end gap-filled 8-day composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The algorithm used for the MOD16 data product collection is based on the logic of the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remotely sensed data products such as vegetation property dynamics, albedo, and land cover.The MOD16A2GF will be generated at the end of each year when the entire yearly 8-day [MOD15A2H](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD15A2H.006) is available. Hence, the gap-filled MOD16A2GF is the improved MOD16, which has cleaned the poor-quality inputs from 8-day Leaf Area Index and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/FPAR) based on the Quality Control (QC) label for every pixel. If any LAI/FPAR pixel did not meet the quality screening criteria, its value is determined through linear interpolation. However, users cannot get MOD16A2GF in near-real time because it will be generated only at the end of a given year.Provided in the MOD16A2GF product are layers for composited ET, LE, Potential ET (PET), and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each MOD16A2GF granule.The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the sum of all eight days within the composite period, and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average of all eight days within the composite period. The last acquisition period of each year is a 5- or 6-day composite period, depending on the year.Known Issues* Operational and uncertainty issues are provided under Section 3 in the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Terra&as=6).Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions* Spatial resolution of Version 6 products has increased to nominal 500 m from nominal 1,000 m in Version 5.* Version 5 data products were previously distributed by the Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group at the University of Montana. The Version 6 products are a continuation of this project.
MODIS/Terra Net Evapotranspiration Gap-Filled 8-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V061
The Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) MOD16A2GF Version 6.1 Evapotranspiration/Latent Heat Flux (ET/LE) product is a year-end gap-filled 8-day composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The algorithm used for the MOD16 data product collection is based on the logic of the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with MODIS remotely sensed data products such as vegetation property dynamics, albedo, and land cover.The MOD16A2GF will be generated at the end of each year when the entire yearly 8-day [MOD15A2H](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD15A2H.061) is available. Hence, the gap-filled MOD16A2GF is the improved MOD16, which has cleaned the poor-quality inputs from 8-day Leaf Area Index and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/FPAR) based on the Quality Control (QC) label for every pixel. If any LAI/FPAR pixel did not meet the quality screening criteria, its value is determined through linear interpolation. However, users cannot get MOD16A2GF in near-real time because it will be generated only at the end of a given year.Provided in the MOD16A2GF product are layers for composited ET, LE, Potential ET (PET), and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each MOD16A2GF granule.The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the sum of all eight days within the composite period, and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average of all eight days within the composite period. The last acquisition period of each year is a 5 or 6-day composite period, depending on the year.Known Issues* Operational and uncertainty issues are provided under Section 3 in the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Terra&as=61).Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions* The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017.* A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB).* The product uses Climatology LAI/FPAR as back up to the operational LAI/FPAR.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.