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44 results for “Heat Transfer”
Soil and meteorological data, and finite element simulation framework for heat transfer through shrubs in winter near Lautaret pass, French Alps
<p>The data allow the calculation using finite element modeling of heat transfer through shrub branches and snow between the atmosphere and the soil. The shrubs are green alders (Alnus viridis). The site where they are found is called Alnus-Nivus (45.034750°N, 6.413630°E, 2034 m asl) near Col du Lautaret, French Alps. The soil data consist in temperature and volumetric liquid water content at 5 and 15 cm depths. One spot is near the alder collar (ALNUS), the other spot is 6 m away, under grass (GRASS).</p> <p>The meteorological data were obtained from the FR-Clt station, 750 m away (45.041278°N, 6.410611°E, 2046 m asl). See (Gupta et al., 2023) for details. Only the data relevant for heat transfer simulations are given.</p> <p>The simulation framework gives the alder mesh used in the heat transfer simulations. Typical simulations use a wood thermal conductivity of 1 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup> and a snow thermal conductivity of 0.1 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>. Based on observations, the snow height at Alnus-Nivus is likely to be at least twice the value at FR-Clt. Forcing uses the snow surface temperature, derived from upwelling longwave radiation using an emissivity of 1. The data allow testing thermal bridging through shrub branches. These data are used in a publication in preparation: Domine, Fourteau, Choler, Exploration of Thermal Bridging Through Shrub Branches in Alpine Snow.</p> <p>Reference</p> <p>Gupta, A., Reverdy, A., Cohard, J. M., Hector, B., Descloitres, M., Vandervaere, J. P., Coulaud, C., Biron, R., Liger, L., Maxwell, R., Valay, J. G., and Voisin, D.: Impact of distributed meteorological forcing on simulated snow cover and hydrological fluxes over a mid-elevation alpine micro-scale catchment, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 191-212, 2023.</p>
VirgoA M87 Heat Transfer
<p>The research continued from the white hole observation experiment with data analysis. The math- ematical method derived before the observation is supplemented with the heat transfer method. The research took an empirical boundary approach on heat flux for the heat transfer between a black hole and white hole, without considering the Big Bang theory. The heat transfer in the system material boundary is seen as a gravitational indicator from asymptotic decay. Albeit the numerical results are instrumentation specific, the conceptualization of the method can be applied to other data imaging apparatus. However, this method is material dependent, and the estimation of the imaginary time di- mension depends on the chemical components of incident light and detection plate. It puts the cosmic microwave background to the account of instrumentation noise, and conceptualized cosmic background radiation for asymptotic safety. The convergence and divergence can be further corrected by different bias factors.</p>
Heat Transfer Physics - Flat Plate Model
<p>The dataset includes unprocessed and processed temperature evolution plots for wide range of experimental conditions corresponding to ice crystal icing performed at the icing wind tunnel of TU Braunschweig within the scope of MUSIC-haic project. In addition to temperature plots the dataset also includes information on the design and components of the test article as well as the respective test matrix. It covers wide range of parametric variation including heat flux, wet bulb temperature, flow velocity and ice water content and provides a sound basis for calibration and validation of numerical tools.</p>
Dataset of "Genetically-inspired convective heat transfer enhancement in a turbulent boundary layer"
<p>Dataset of the article "Genetically-inspired convective heat transfer enhancement in a turbulent boundary layer" (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.120621">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.120621</a>). The dataset contains:</p> <p>- the velocity fields, measured with Particle Image Velocimetry, for the case of the boundary layer without actuation, with actuation with a steady jet, and for the best individual obtained after the optimization of the pulsed jet parameters.</p> <p>- the parameters of the individuals generated in the optimization process.</p>
Methods of Heat Transfer
<p>Visual explanation of the different types of Heat Transfer processes including: Convection, Radiation and Conduction.</p> <p>Conduction is explained with the changing of the color in the pan.</p> <p>Radiation is explained with arrows heading from th inside of the logs towards the outwards.</p> <p>Convection is explained with the evaporation and boiling of the water.</p>
Magnetic field influence on heat transfer in inclined laminar ferronanofluid flow
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Nanofluid heat transfer and machine learning
<p>Table 1. Machine learning application for nanofluids in porous media.</p> <p>Table 2. Summary of machine learning application: Nanofluids in heat exchangers</p>
Data generated by the model presented in the research article entitled "Simulation of mass and heat transfer in an evaporatively cooled PEM fuel cell"
<p>This repository provides all the data and scripts necessary to reproduce the line plots shown in the manuscript entitled "Simulation of mass and heat transfer in an evaporatively cooled PEM fuel cell".</p>
Video 1 Postmortem Axial Heat Transfer
<p>An axial view of heat transfer in the chosen 3D computational human phantom demonstrating temporal evolution of isotherms during the simulated 5hr postmortem cooling interval. One second of playback represents 364s of postmortem cooling.</p>
Data associated to the article "Effects of fluoride salt addition to the physico-chemical properties of the MgCl2-NaCl-KCl heat transfer fluid : a molecular dynamics study"
<p>Contains input file and data used to generate the figures of the article:</p> <p>Effects of fluoride salt addition to the physico-chemical properties of the MgCl<sub>2</sub>-NaCl-KCl heat transfer fluid : a molecular dynamics study</p> <p>Weiguang Zhou, Yanping Zhang, Mathieu Salanne</p> <p>https://chemrxiv.org/engage/chemrxiv/article-details/618e903a2bf8a950c7d98e5d</p> <p>The files <em>data.inpt</em> and <em>runtime.inpt </em>are used to simulate the system using the software MetalWalls</p> <p>The files <em>MgNaKCl.txt, MgNaKClF01.txt, MgNaKClF05.txt, MgNaKClF10.txt, MgNaKClF20.txt</em> contain the computed densities, viscosities and thermal conductivities at various temperatures for several compositions (provided in the header of the files)</p>
Data for heat transfer characterisation of inserts of ASTEP thermal storage system
<p>Dataset for heat transfer characterisation of Honeycomb inserts and Y-Inserts considered in ASTEP project.</p>
Experimental Investigation of the Heat Transfer between Finned Tubes and a Bubbling Fluidized Bed with Horizontal Sand Mass Flow
<p>Data repository for the paper:</p> <p>Thanheiser, S.; Haider, M.; Schwarzmayr, P. Experimental Investigation of the Heat Transfer between Finned Tubes and a Bubbling Fluidized Bed with Horizontal Sand Mass Flow. Energies 2022, 15, 1316. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15041316</p>
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF FLOW STRUCTURE AND HEAT TRANSFER IN BUBBLING FLUIDIZED BEDS
<p>The videos show the movements of selected particles in different geometries of fluidized bed heat exchangers. Two geometries without auxiliary measures and one with air cushion technology are shown.</p>
Design principles a heterogeneously catalyzed autothermal reactor with enhanced heat and mass transfer for hydrogen production
<p><strong>Design principles a</strong> <strong>heterogeneously catalyzed autothermal reactor with enhanced heat and mass transfer for hydrogen production</strong></p> <p>Junjie Chen</p> <p>Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> <p>Catalysis, in chemistry, is the modification of the rate of a chemical reaction, usually an acceleration, by addition of a substance not consumed during the reaction. The rates of chemical reactions, that is, the velocities at which they occur, depend upon a number of factors, including the chemical nature of the reacting species and the external conditions to which they are exposed. A particular phenomenon associated with the rates of chemical reactions that is of great theoretical and practical interest is catalysis, the acceleration of chemical reactions by substances not consumed in the reactions themselves, substances known as catalysts. The study of catalysis is of interest theoretically because of what it reveals about the fundamental nature of chemical reactions; in practice, the study of catalysis is important because many industrial processes depend upon catalysts for their success. In a catalyzed reaction, the catalyst generally enters into chemical combination with the reactants but is ultimately regenerated, so the amount of catalyst remains unchanged. Since the catalyst is not consumed, each catalyst molecule may induce the transformation of many molecules of reactants. For an active catalyst, the number of molecules transformed per minute by one molecule of catalyst may be as large as several million. Where a given substance or a combination of substances undergoes two or more simultaneous reactions that yield different products, the distribution of products may be influenced by the use of a catalyst that selectively accelerates one reaction relative to the other(s). By choosing the appropriate catalyst, a particular reaction can be made to occur to the extent of practically excluding another. Many important applications of catalysis are based on selectivity of this kind.</p> <p>Streamwise distance (millimeters), Reforming channel centerline temperature (degrees kelvin)</p> <p>0 373</p> <p>0.00025 373.048742</p> <p>0.0005 373.2382942</p> <p>0.00075 373.7354626</p> <p>0.001 374.7081362</p> <p>0.00125 376.2548823</p> <p>0.0015 378.3951976</p> <p>0.00175 381.0814232</p> <p>0.002 384.2247405</p> <p>0.00225 387.7222496</p> <p>0.0025 391.465635</p> <p>0.00275 395.3617454</p> <p>0.003 399.3347598</p> <p>0.00325 403.3218552</p> <p>0.0035 407.2775391</p> <p>0.00375 411.1628179</p> <p>0.004 414.9538621</p> <p>0.00425 418.6311751</p> <p>0.0045 422.1828419</p> <p>0.00475 425.6012807</p> <p>0.005 428.8821587</p> <p>0.00525 432.025476</p> <p>0.0055 435.0312325</p> <p>0.00575 437.9015946</p> <p>0.006 440.6398117</p> <p>0.00625 443.2502165</p> <p>0.0065 445.7371415</p> <p>0.00675 448.1049195</p> <p>0.007 450.3600492</p> <p>0.00725 452.5057803</p> <p>0.0075 454.5475284</p> <p>0.00775 456.4896262</p> <p>0.008 458.3374895</p> <p>0.00825 460.0954509</p> <p>0.0085 461.7689261</p> <p>0.00875 463.3600816</p> <p>0.009 464.874333</p> <p>0.00925 466.3149298</p> <p>0.0095 467.6862047</p> <p>0.00975 468.9924902</p> <p>0.01 470.2348696</p> <p>0.01025 471.4176754</p> <p>0.0105 472.5441571</p> <p>0.01075 473.6175642</p> <p>0.011 474.6389798</p> <p>0.01125 475.6138198</p> <p>0.0115 476.5431672</p> <p>0.01175 477.4302716</p> <p>0.012 478.276216</p> <p>0.01225 479.0831669</p> <p>0.0125 479.8543736</p> <p>0.01275 480.5909193</p> <p>0.013 481.2938872</p> <p>0.01325 481.9665268</p> <p>0.0135 482.6099212</p> <p>0.01375 483.2251535</p> <p>0.014 483.8143901</p> <p>0.01425 484.377631</p> <p>0.0145 484.9170424</p> <p>0.01475 485.4347907</p> <p>0.015 485.930876</p> <p>0.01525 486.4063812</p> <p>0.0155 486.8623897</p> <p>0.01575 487.3010677</p> <p>0.016 487.721332</p> <p>0.01625 488.1264322</p> <p>0.0165 488.515285</p> <p>0.01675 488.8889736</p> <p>0.017 489.2496644</p> <p>0.01725 489.5962742</p> <p>0.0175 489.9309692</p> <p>0.01775 490.2526664</p> <p>0.018 490.5646152</p> <p>0.01825 490.8646493</p> <p>0.0185 491.1560181</p> <p>0.01875 491.4365554</p> <p>0.019 491.7073443</p> <p>0.01925 491.970551</p> <p>0.0195 492.2250926</p> <p>0.01975 492.472052</p> <p>0.02 492.7114294</p> <p>0.02025 492.9432247</p> <p>0.0205 493.1696042</p> <p>0.02075 493.3884016</p> <p>0.021 493.6017832</p> <p>0.02125 493.8086659</p> <p>0.0215 494.0101329</p> <p>0.02175 494.2072672</p> <p>0.022 494.3989857</p> <p>0.02225 494.5863716</p> <p>0.0225 494.7683417</p> <p>0.02275 494.9470624</p> <p>0.023 495.1214504</p> <p>0.02325 495.2915058</p> <p>0.0235 495.4583118</p> <p>0.02375 495.6218682</p> <p>0.024 495.7810921</p> <p>0.02425 495.9381497</p> <p>0.0245 496.0919577</p> <p>0.02475 496.2425163</p> <p>0.025 496.3898255</p> <p>0.02525 496.5360515</p> <p>0.0255 496.679028</p> <p>0.02575 496.8187551</p> <p>0.026 496.9563158</p> <p>0.02625 497.0927934</p> <p>0.0265 497.2260215</p> <p>0.02675 497.3570834</p> <p>0.027 497.4859789</p> <p>0.02725 497.6137912</p> <p>0.0275 497.7383541</p> <p>0.02775 497.8618338</p> <p>0.028 497.9831472</p> <p>0.02825 498.1033775</p> <p>0.0285 498.2203583</p> <p>0.02875 498.3362559</p> <p>0.029 498.4499873</p> <p>0.02925 498.5637186</p> <p>0.0295 498.6666184</p> <p>0.02975 498.796597</p> <p>0.03 498.88</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p>
Design principles an autothermal steam reforming chemical reactor with enhanced heat transfer
<p><strong>Design principles an autothermal steam reforming chemical reactor with enhanced heat transfer</strong></p> <p>Junjie Chen</p> <p>Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> <p>Heat transfer is any or all of several kinds of phenomena, considered as mechanisms, that convey energy and entropy from one location to another. The specific mechanisms are usually referred to as convection, thermal radiation, and conduction. Conduction involves transfer of energy and entropy between adjacent molecules, usually a slow process. Convection involves movement of a heated fluid, such as air, usually a fairly rapid process. Radiation refers to the transmission of energy as electromagnetic radiation from its emission at a heated surface to its absorption on another surface, a process requiring no medium to convey the energy. thermal conduction, transfer of energy (heat) arising from temperature differences between adjacent parts of a body. Thermal conductivity is attributed to the exchange of energy between adjacent molecules and electrons in the conducting medium. The rate of heat flow in a rod of material is proportional to the cross-sectional area of the rod and to the temperature difference between the ends and inversely proportional to the length; that is the rate equals the ratio of the cross section of the rod to its length, multiplied by the temperature difference and by the thermal conductivity of the material.</p> <p>Streamwise distance (millimeters), Reforming channel centerline temperature (degrees kelvin)</p> <p>0 373</p> <p>0.00025 373.005</p> <p>0.0005 373.032</p> <p>0.00075 373.127</p> <p>0.001 373.373</p> <p>0.00125 373.864</p> <p>0.0015 374.687</p> <p>0.00175 375.89</p> <p>0.002 377.487</p> <p>0.00225 379.459</p> <p>0.0025 381.763</p> <p>0.00275 384.345</p> <p>0.003 387.146</p> <p>0.00325 390.107</p> <p>0.0035 393.179</p> <p>0.00375 396.314</p> <p>0.004 399.476</p> <p>0.00425 402.634</p> <p>0.0045 405.763</p> <p>0.00475 408.845</p> <p>0.005 411.863</p> <p>0.00525 414.809</p> <p>0.0055 417.674</p> <p>0.00575 420.453</p> <p>0.006 423.144</p> <p>0.00625 425.743</p> <p>0.0065 428.252</p> <p>0.00675 430.67</p> <p>0.007 432.998</p> <p>0.00725 435.239</p> <p>0.0075 437.395</p> <p>0.00775 439.468</p> <p>0.008 441.46</p> <p>0.00825 443.375</p> <p>0.0085 445.215</p> <p>0.00875 446.983</p> <p>0.009 448.682</p> <p>0.00925 450.315</p> <p>0.0095 451.885</p> <p>0.00975 453.393</p> <p>0.01 454.844</p> <p>0.01025 456.239</p> <p>0.0105 457.58</p> <p>0.01075 458.87</p> <p>0.011 460.112</p> <p>0.01125 461.306</p> <p>0.0115 462.457</p> <p>0.01175 463.564</p> <p>0.012 464.631</p> <p>0.01225 465.659</p> <p>0.0125 466.65</p> <p>0.01275 467.605</p> <p>0.013 468.525</p> <p>0.01325 469.414</p> <p>0.0135 470.271</p> <p>0.01375 471.098</p> <p>0.014 471.897</p> <p>0.01425 472.668</p> <p>0.0145 473.413</p> <p>0.01475 474.133</p> <p>0.015 474.829</p> <p>0.01525 475.502</p> <p>0.0155 476.153</p> <p>0.01575 476.783</p> <p>0.016 477.393</p> <p>0.01625 477.983</p> <p>0.0165 478.555</p> <p>0.01675 479.108</p> <p>0.017 479.644</p> <p>0.01725 480.164</p> <p>0.0175 480.669</p> <p>0.01775 481.158</p> <p>0.018 481.633</p> <p>0.01825 482.093</p> <p>0.0185 482.541</p> <p>0.01875 482.975</p> <p>0.019 483.397</p> <p>0.01925 483.808</p> <p>0.0195 484.206</p> <p>0.01975 484.594</p> <p>0.02 484.972</p> <p>0.02025 485.339</p> <p>0.0205 485.696</p> <p>0.02075 486.045</p> <p>0.021 486.384</p> <p>0.02125 486.714</p> <p>0.0215 487.036</p> <p>0.02175 487.35</p> <p>0.022 487.657</p> <p>0.02225 487.956</p> <p>0.0225 488.247</p> <p>0.02275 488.533</p> <p>0.023 488.811</p> <p>0.02325 489.083</p> <p>0.0235 489.349</p> <p>0.02375 489.609</p> <p>0.024 489.864</p> <p>0.02425 490.112</p> <p>0.0245 490.356</p> <p>0.02475 490.595</p> <p>0.025 490.828</p> <p>0.02525 491.057</p> <p>0.0255 491.281</p> <p>0.02575 491.501</p> <p>0.026 491.716</p> <p>0.02625 491.927</p> <p>0.0265 492.134</p> <p>0.02675 492.337</p> <p>0.027 492.536</p> <p>0.02725 492.732</p> <p>0.0275 492.923</p> <p>0.02775 493.111</p> <p>0.028 493.296</p> <p>0.02825 493.477</p> <p>0.0285 493.655</p> <p>0.02875 493.829</p> <p>0.029 494</p> <p>0.02925 494.171</p> <p>0.0295 494.323</p> <p>0.02975 494.536</p> <p>0.03 494.685</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p>
Active thermography to estimate leaf heat transfer - leaf level data to manuscript
<p>Active thermography is an informative methodology to measure that we adopted to plant sciences to measure leaf heat transfer and derive spatial maps of thermal responsiveness of leaves. This method and its usability is described in a publication in 'Frontiers of Plant Sciences'.</p> <p>Here we publish the data-set of active thermography measurements that were used in this publication. The Mat-lab code that was developed with this publication is also published at Zenodo under the doi 10.5281/zenodo.1195869</p>
Thermally coupled monolith reactors with enhanced heat transfer for conducting simultaneous endothermic and exothermic reactions
<p><strong>Thermally coupled monolith reactors with enhanced heat transfer for conducting simultaneous endothermic and exothermic reactions</strong></p> <p>Junjie Chen</p> <p>Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> <p>A reactor must be of sufficient length to allow a reaction to proceed to the required conversion. Utilizing high gas velocities typically results in reactors with large length to width ratios which again results in systems with high pressure drops. The smaller the characteristic dimension of the catalyst particle the higher is the utilization of the catalyst. This is sometimes expressed as a higher effectiveness factor. However, beds formed from small particles exhibit higher pressure drops than similar beds formed from larger particle. So, an engineer designs a system with expectable compromises between heat transfer, catalyst utilization, system conversion, and pressure drop. Therefore, a reactor for conducting catalytic processes which can promote overall heat transfer and levels of conversion whilst minimizing pressure drop is desired. Another deficiency of traditional heat transfer equipment is start-up time and thermal response to transients. As reactors are traditionally large and heavy, they have significant thermal inertia. Therefore, the system takes significant time to re-equilibrate from any change in load or process operating conditions. Therefore, a reactor with enhanced response characteristics particularly for rapid start up is desired. A number of methods have been directed to methods of increased heat transfer within reactors and towards low pressure drop catalytic reactors and processes.</p> <p>Streamwise distance (meters), Heat flux (watts per square meter)</p> <p>0 24445.8</p> <p>0.00025 134016</p> <p>0.0005 131072</p> <p>0.00075 151168</p> <p>0.001 85641.3</p> <p>0.00125 -1444</p> <p>0.0015 -1860.19</p> <p>0.00175 -1518.44</p> <p>0.002 54696.4</p> <p>0.00225 97408</p> <p>0.0025 82176</p> <p>0.00275 94848</p> <p>0.003 54951.4</p> <p>0.00325 272.062</p> <p>0.0035 190.062</p> <p>0.00375 172.75</p> <p>0.004 30551.3</p> <p>0.00425 55808</p> <p>0.0045 50432</p> <p>0.00475 60160</p> <p>0.005 35216.3</p> <p>0.00525 267.563</p> <p>0.0055 230.062</p> <p>0.00575 199.562</p> <p>0.006 21724.7</p> <p>0.00625 39680</p> <p>0.0065 35840</p> <p>0.00675 42112</p> <p>0.007 24419.8</p> <p>0.00725 184.875</p> <p>0.0075 157.375</p> <p>0.00775 138</p> <p>0.008 18497.7</p> <p>0.00825 33024</p> <p>0.0085 28672</p> <p>0.00875 32384</p> <p>0.009 18375</p> <p>0.00925 128.25</p> <p>0.0095 103.25</p> <p>0.00975 90.5625</p> <p>0.01 16940.7</p> <p>0.01025 29440</p> <p>0.0105 24448</p> <p>0.01075 26496</p> <p>0.011 14644.3</p> <p>0.01125 91.5</p> <p>0.0115 68.8125</p> <p>0.01175 61.3125</p> <p>0.012 16031.7</p> <p>0.01225 27392</p> <p>0.0125 22016</p> <p>0.01275 23040</p> <p>0.013 12456.8</p> <p>0.01325 69.125</p> <p>0.0135 47.6875</p> <p>0.01375 42.5</p> <p>0.014 15255.2</p> <p>0.01425 25856</p> <p>0.0145 20096</p> <p>0.01475 20224</p> <p>0.015 10784.7</p> <p>0.01525 53.8125</p> <p>0.0155 33.375</p> <p>0.01575 30.25</p> <p>0.016 14481.9</p> <p>0.01625 24192</p> <p>0.0165 18304</p> <p>0.01675 17792</p> <p>0.017 9241.95</p> <p>0.01725 40.7501</p> <p>0.0175 21.3125</p> <p>0.01775 19.5625</p> <p>0.018 13581</p> <p>0.01825 22528</p> <p>0.0185 16768</p> <p>0.01875 15872</p> <p>0.019 8084.96</p> <p>0.01925 31.375</p> <p>0.0195 12.5</p> <p>0.01975 11.3125</p> <p>0.02 12809.2</p> <p>0.02025 20992</p> <p>0.0205 15104</p> <p>0.02075 13824</p> <p>0.021 6927.91</p> <p>0.02125 21.8125</p> <p>0.0215 4.18748</p> <p>0.02175 3.87499</p> <p>0.022 11653.6</p> <p>0.02225 18816</p> <p>0.0225 13312</p> <p>0.02275 12032</p> <p>0.023 5900.31</p> <p>0.02325 15.5625</p> <p>0.0235 -0.375003</p> <p>0.02375 -0.250023</p> <p>0.024 10115.4</p> <p>0.02425 16384</p> <p>0.0245 11520</p> <p>0.02475 10496</p> <p>0.025 5258.69</p> <p>0.02525 13.5625</p> <p>0.0255 0.125008</p> <p>0.02575 -2.83833E-05</p> <p>0.026 8578.74</p> <p>0.02625 13824</p> <p>0.0265 9856</p> <p>0.02675 9216</p> <p>0.027 4618.92</p> <p>0.02725 15.75</p> <p>0.0275 5.68751</p> <p>0.02775 5.625</p> <p>0.028 6404.77</p> <p>0.02825 10624</p> <p>0.0285 8320</p> <p>0.02875 8832</p> <p>0.029 4751.49</p> <p>0.02925 26.8125</p> <p>0.0295 20.3125</p> <p>0.02975 16.3125</p> <p>0.03 2.63005</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p>
Thermally coupled monolith reactors with enhanced heat and mass transfer for hydrogen production
<p><strong>Thermally coupled monolith reactors with enhanced heat and mass transfer for hydrogen production</strong></p> <p>Junjie Chen</p> <p>Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> <p>The thermally coupled monolith reactor design comprises, in one form thereof, a monolith to which, at each end, the uppermost section of the dividing walls of alternate rows of channels has been ground or cut away. The top section of each of the created voids has been sealed with a suitable material from the end to a depth as to leave an opening in the outer wall, such that a distinct inlet or outlet is formed. A catalyst coating has been applied to the inner wall of the two sets of channels using a suitable technique, one of which is the well-known washcoat technique. Two manifolds, with suitable gaskets, are attached to open ends of the monolith. Furthermore, two addition manifolds, with suitable gaskets, are affixed to the two newly formed openings. The gasket material is chosen to afford a reasonable gas tight seal to prevent cross flow between the two channels. The catalyst coatings may need to be calcined and reduced in order to produce an active catalyst. More particularly, the design comprises, in one form, a monolith to which alternate channels have been sealed at opposing ends. A catalyst coating has been applied to the inner wall. A thin capillary like tube is passed through the inlet of the void and arranged such that it falls short of the sealed end. The opposing end is prepared in a similar manner. Process gas is passed through this tube to the far end of the monolith. The fluid exits the tube is directed back towards to inlet. As the fluid traverses the channel reaction occurs in the catalytically coated walls. Any heat which is required or generated by the process is transferred through the wall. However, even with this highly efficient transfer mechanism the gas will still absorb some heat energy and become hot. This heat energy can be conducted through the capillary inlet tube to preheat the incoming reactants. This arrangement alleviates the need for an external heat exchanger (although one can be used to provide further heating) and improvers the overall efficiency of the reactor.</p> <p>Streamwise distance (meter), Heterogeneous reaction rate along the length of the reactor (mole per square meter per second)</p> <p>0 10.8203</p> <p>0.00025 10.9546</p> <p>0.0005 11.2153</p> <p>0.00075 11.4215</p> <p>0.001 11.5345</p> <p>0.00125 11.5606</p> <p>0.0015 11.5129</p> <p>0.00175 11.4049</p> <p>0.002 11.2484</p> <p>0.00225 11.0544</p> <p>0.0025 10.8331</p> <p>0.00275 10.5932</p> <p>0.003 10.3414</p> <p>0.00325 10.0835</p> <p>0.0035 9.82406</p> <p>0.00375 9.56646</p> <p>0.004 9.31349</p> <p>0.00425 9.06713</p> <p>0.0045 8.82918</p> <p>0.00475 8.60082</p> <p>0.005 8.3823</p> <p>0.00525 8.17379</p> <p>0.0055 7.97561</p> <p>0.00575 7.78777</p> <p>0.006 7.61007</p> <p>0.00625 7.44219</p> <p>0.0065 7.28392</p> <p>0.00675 7.13507</p> <p>0.007 6.99548</p> <p>0.00725 6.86493</p> <p>0.0075 6.74275</p> <p>0.00775 6.62832</p> <p>0.008 6.52152</p> <p>0.00825 6.42164</p> <p>0.0085 6.32835</p> <p>0.00875 6.24151</p> <p>0.009 6.16052</p> <p>0.00925 6.08491</p> <p>0.0095 6.01452</p> <p>0.00975 5.94897</p> <p>0.01 5.88786</p> <p>0.01025 5.83131</p> <p>0.0105 5.7787</p> <p>0.01075 5.72978</p> <p>0.011 5.68436</p> <p>0.01125 5.64228</p> <p>0.0115 5.60333</p> <p>0.01175 5.56712</p> <p>0.012 5.53346</p> <p>0.01225 5.5021</p> <p>0.0125 5.47301</p> <p>0.01275 5.44619</p> <p>0.013 5.42156</p> <p>0.01325 5.3988</p> <p>0.0135 5.37773</p> <p>0.01375 5.35853</p> <p>0.014 5.34102</p> <p>0.01425 5.32469</p> <p>0.0145 5.30957</p> <p>0.01475 5.29573</p> <p>0.015 5.28316</p> <p>0.01525 5.27177</p> <p>0.0155 5.26118</p> <p>0.01575 5.25136</p> <p>0.016 5.24246</p> <p>0.01625 5.23449</p> <p>0.0165 5.22729</p> <p>0.01675 5.22085</p> <p>0.017 5.21505</p> <p>0.01725 5.20996</p> <p>0.0175 5.20538</p> <p>0.01775 5.20125</p> <p>0.018 5.19797</p> <p>0.01825 5.195</p> <p>0.0185 5.19226</p> <p>0.01875 5.19015</p> <p>0.019 5.1885</p> <p>0.01925 5.18698</p> <p>0.0195 5.18558</p> <p>0.01975 5.18461</p> <p>0.02 5.18412</p> <p>0.02025 5.18363</p> <p>0.0205 5.18302</p> <p>0.02075 5.18277</p> <p>0.021 5.18289</p> <p>0.02125 5.1829</p> <p>0.0215 5.18274</p> <p>0.02175 5.18262</p> <p>0.022 5.18211</p> <p>0.02225 5.18139</p> <p>0.0225 5.1809</p> <p>0.02275 5.18047</p> <p>0.023 5.17976</p> <p>0.02325 5.17871</p> <p>0.0235 5.17765</p> <p>0.02375 5.17665</p> <p>0.024 5.17509</p> <p>0.02425 5.17287</p> <p>0.0245 5.17047</p> <p>0.02475 5.1679</p> <p>0.025 5.1648</p> <p>0.02525 5.16115</p> <p>0.0255 5.15706</p> <p>0.02575 5.15234</p> <p>0.026 5.14688</p> <p>0.02625 5.14071</p> <p>0.0265 5.13396</p> <p>0.02675 5.12621</p> <p>0.027 5.11737</p> <p>0.02725 5.10778</p> <p>0.0275 5.09726</p> <p>0.02775 5.08542</p> <p>0.028 5.07222</p> <p>0.02825 5.05787</p> <p>0.0285 5.04248</p> <p>0.02875 5.02603</p> <p>0.029 5.00788</p> <p>0.02925 4.98897</p> <p>0.0295 4.9649</p> <p>0.02975 4.88466</p> <p>0.03 4.81923</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p>
Chemical reactors with enhanced heat transfer for conducting simultaneous endothermic and exothermic reactions
<p><strong>Chemical reactors with enhanced heat transfer for conducting simultaneous endothermic and exothermic reactions</strong></p> <p>Junjie Chen</p> <p>Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> <p>Many chemical processes utilize catalysts to enhance chemical conversion behavior. A catalyst promotes the rate of chemical conversion but does not affect the energy transformations which occur during the reaction. Often catalytic processes are conducted within tubes which are packed with a suitable catalytic substance. The process gas flows within the tube and contacts the catalytic packing where reaction proceeds. The tube is placed within a hot environment such as a furnace such that the energy for the process can be supplied through the tube wall via conduction. The mechanism for heat transfer with this arrangement is rather tortuous as heat must first be transferred through the outer boundary layer of the tube, conducted through the often-heavy gauge wall of the tube and then pass through the inner boundary layer into the process gas. The process gas is raised in temperature and this energy can be utilized by the process for chemical reaction. The process engineer is often caused to compromise between the pressure drop within the tube reactor with the overall heat transfer and catalytic effectiveness. The inner heat transfer coefficient can be effectively increased by raising the superficial velocity of the process gas. The higher gas velocity therefore improves the thermal effectiveness of the system. However, higher gas velocities increase the system's pressure drop and results in increased compressor sizes and associated operating costs.</p> <p>Streamwise distance (meters), Heat flux (watts per square meter)</p> <p>0 27306.2</p> <p>0.00025 124496</p> <p>0.0005 117728</p> <p>0.00075 106208</p> <p>0.001 94912</p> <p>0.00125 85088</p> <p>0.0015 76704</p> <p>0.00175 69488</p> <p>0.002 63200</p> <p>0.00225 57712</p> <p>0.0025 52832</p> <p>0.00275 48528</p> <p>0.003 44704</p> <p>0.00325 41264</p> <p>0.0035 38144</p> <p>0.00375 35344</p> <p>0.004 32912</p> <p>0.00425 30720</p> <p>0.0045 28688</p> <p>0.00475 26832</p> <p>0.005 25184</p> <p>0.00525 23664</p> <p>0.0055 22272</p> <p>0.00575 21056</p> <p>0.006 19952</p> <p>0.00625 18912</p> <p>0.0065 17936</p> <p>0.00675 17072</p> <p>0.007 16288</p> <p>0.00725 15568</p> <p>0.0075 14864</p> <p>0.00775 14240</p> <p>0.008 13728</p> <p>0.00825 13216</p> <p>0.0085 12752</p> <p>0.00875 12304</p> <p>0.009 11840</p> <p>0.00925 11472</p> <p>0.0095 11168</p> <p>0.00975 10832</p> <p>0.01 10448</p> <p>0.01025 10128</p> <p>0.0105 9952</p> <p>0.01075 9776</p> <p>0.011 9472</p> <p>0.01125 9232</p> <p>0.0115 9136</p> <p>0.01175 8832</p> <p>0.012 8640</p> <p>0.01225 8688</p> <p>0.0125 8576</p> <p>0.01275 8432</p> <p>0.013 8320</p> <p>0.01325 8192</p> <p>0.0135 8016</p> <p>0.01375 7904</p> <p>0.014 7840</p> <p>0.01425 7728</p> <p>0.0145 7648</p> <p>0.01475 7552</p> <p>0.015 7488</p> <p>0.01525 7440</p> <p>0.0155 7360</p> <p>0.01575 7312</p> <p>0.016 7248</p> <p>0.01625 7184</p> <p>0.0165 7104</p> <p>0.01675 7024</p> <p>0.017 6992</p> <p>0.01725 7008</p> <p>0.0175 7008</p> <p>0.01775 6928</p> <p>0.018 6880</p> <p>0.01825 6880</p> <p>0.0185 6800</p> <p>0.01875 6720</p> <p>0.019 6720</p> <p>0.01925 6704</p> <p>0.0195 6640</p> <p>0.01975 6592</p> <p>0.02 6624</p> <p>0.02025 6592</p> <p>0.0205 6496</p> <p>0.02075 6464</p> <p>0.021 6512</p> <p>0.02125 6528</p> <p>0.0215 6448</p> <p>0.02175 6384</p> <p>0.022 6384</p> <p>0.02225 6320</p> <p>0.0225 6272</p> <p>0.02275 6288</p> <p>0.023 6272</p> <p>0.02325 6240</p> <p>0.0235 6192</p> <p>0.02375 6224</p> <p>0.024 6224</p> <p>0.02425 6160</p> <p>0.0245 6112</p> <p>0.02475 6112</p> <p>0.025 6080</p> <p>0.02525 5984</p> <p>0.0255 5968</p> <p>0.02575 6016</p> <p>0.026 6016</p> <p>0.02625 5936</p> <p>0.0265 5888</p> <p>0.02675 5904</p> <p>0.027 5888</p> <p>0.02725 5824</p> <p>0.0275 5776</p> <p>0.02775 5760</p> <p>0.028 5696</p> <p>0.02825 5568</p> <p>0.0285 5552</p> <p>0.02875 5584</p> <p>0.029 5472</p> <p>0.02925 5344</p> <p>0.0295 5280</p> <p>0.02975 5280</p> <p>0.03 5280</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p>
Microchannel steam reforming reactors with enhanced heat transfer for conducting simultaneous endothermic and exothermic reactions
<p><strong>Microchannel steam reforming reactors with enhanced heat transfer for conducting simultaneous endothermic and exothermic reactions</strong></p> <p>Junjie Chen</p> <p>Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> <p>It has been described a compact multiple tube steam reformer. The design consists of multiple packed tubes, of small diameter, being placed in intimate contact with a heat generating flame. The arrangement leads to improved heat transfer and therefore chemical conversion. However, the packed tube results in a significant pressure drop and the author states the process is still heat transfer limited. Therefore, a reactor design which minimizes the process side pressure drop and does not suffer from heat transfer limitation is required. It has been described a method to modify a monolithic structure into a combined heat exchanger reactor. The method describes the mechanical process to transform the structure into a structure consisting of two discrete volumes. It is proposed that the arrangement can either be used as a heat exchanger, where energy is transferred from one stream to another via conduction through the wall or it is suitable as a chemical reactor where the second set of channels allow the introduction of a heat transfer fluid. In the second case, the energy required or generated through the reaction is removed via a heat transfer fluid in the second channel. It is noted that the reaction can be a catalytic process and the catalytically active material can be coated onto the monolith passage walls to minimize pressure drop. In this arrangement, the heat transfer from the process catalyst to the dividing wall will be highly efficient, however, the uptake of the energy by the heat transfer fluid will suffer from all of the limitations of traditional heat transfer operations. In this case, the boundary layer will provide a significant resistance to heat transfer and will severely limit the rate of the process. Also, for this arrangement to successfully supply or remove heat and maintain a near isothermal longitudinal profile considerable heat transfer fluid velocities must be utilized. The high velocities will reduce the characteristic thickness of the boundary layer and ensure that a sufficient mass of heat transfer fluid is available to absorb the heat of reaction without significantly changing temperature. These requirements will lead to excessive pressure drop through the coolant channels. Therefore, a reactor design which minimizes the heat transfer fluid side pressure drop is required. The method does not teach about combining endothermic and exothermic reactions on opposing sides of dividing walls of adjacent channels as an efficient method of heat transfer.</p> <p>Streamwise distance (meters), Heat flux (watts per square meter)</p> <p>0 28082.8</p> <p>0.00025 139648</p> <p>0.0005 111616</p> <p>0.00075 93312</p> <p>0.001 81920</p> <p>0.00125 74112</p> <p>0.0015 68096</p> <p>0.00175 62976</p> <p>0.002 58752</p> <p>0.00225 55168</p> <p>0.0025 52096</p> <p>0.00275 49152</p> <p>0.003 46336</p> <p>0.00325 44032</p> <p>0.0035 41984</p> <p>0.00375 40064</p> <p>0.004 38400</p> <p>0.00425 36864</p> <p>0.0045 35328</p> <p>0.00475 33920</p> <p>0.005 32512</p> <p>0.00525 31360</p> <p>0.0055 30336</p> <p>0.00575 29184</p> <p>0.006 28288</p> <p>0.00625 27392</p> <p>0.0065 26496</p> <p>0.00675 25728</p> <p>0.007 24832</p> <p>0.00725 24192</p> <p>0.0075 23680</p> <p>0.00775 23040</p> <p>0.008 22400</p> <p>0.00825 21760</p> <p>0.0085 21376</p> <p>0.00875 21120</p> <p>0.009 20608</p> <p>0.00925 20224</p> <p>0.0095 19968</p> <p>0.00975 19456</p> <p>0.01 19072</p> <p>0.01025 18688</p> <p>0.0105 18432</p> <p>0.01075 18176</p> <p>0.011 17920</p> <p>0.01125 17792</p> <p>0.0115 17536</p> <p>0.01175 17280</p> <p>0.012 17024</p> <p>0.01225 16768</p> <p>0.0125 16640</p> <p>0.01275 16512</p> <p>0.013 16384</p> <p>0.01325 16256</p> <p>0.0135 16128</p> <p>0.01375 16000</p> <p>0.014 15872</p> <p>0.01425 15744</p> <p>0.0145 15488</p> <p>0.01475 15488</p> <p>0.015 15360</p> <p>0.01525 15104</p> <p>0.0155 15104</p> <p>0.01575 14976</p> <p>0.016 14848</p> <p>0.01625 14720</p> <p>0.0165 14720</p> <p>0.01675 14720</p> <p>0.017 14592</p> <p>0.01725 14336</p> <p>0.0175 14336</p> <p>0.01775 14464</p> <p>0.018 14336</p> <p>0.01825 14336</p> <p>0.0185 14336</p> <p>0.01875 14208</p> <p>0.019 14080</p> <p>0.01925 14080</p> <p>0.0195 14080</p> <p>0.01975 14080</p> <p>0.02 13952</p> <p>0.02025 13824</p> <p>0.0205 13824</p> <p>0.02075 13952</p> <p>0.021 13952</p> <p>0.02125 13824</p> <p>0.0215 13696</p> <p>0.02175 13568</p> <p>0.022 13568</p> <p>0.02225 13696</p> <p>0.0225 13696</p> <p>0.02275 13440</p> <p>0.023 13312</p> <p>0.02325 13440</p> <p>0.0235 13440</p> <p>0.02375 13312</p> <p>0.024 13312</p> <p>0.02425 13312</p> <p>0.0245 13312</p> <p>0.02475 13184</p> <p>0.025 13056</p> <p>0.02525 13056</p> <p>0.0255 13056</p> <p>0.02575 12800</p> <p>0.026 12672</p> <p>0.02625 12800</p> <p>0.0265 12672</p> <p>0.02675 12544</p> <p>0.027 12544</p> <p>0.02725 12288</p> <p>0.0275 12160</p> <p>0.02775 12160</p> <p>0.028 12032</p> <p>0.02825 12032</p> <p>0.0285 11904</p> <p>0.02875 11776</p> <p>0.029 11648</p> <p>0.02925 11520</p> <p>0.0295 11392</p> <p>0.02975 11008</p> <p>0.03 10624</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p>
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.