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3 results for “Hemileia vastatrix”
A chromosome-level genome resource for studying virulence mechanisms and evolution of the coffee rust pathogen Hemileia vastatrix
<p>Recurrent epidemics of coffee leaf rust, caused by the fungal pathogen <em>Hemileia vastatrix,</em> have constrained the sustainable production of Arabica coffee for over 150 years. The ability of <em>H. vastatrix </em>to overcome resistance in coffee cultivars and evolve new races is inexplicable for a pathogen that supposedly only utilizes clonal reproduction. Understanding the evolutionary complexity between <em>H. vastatrix</em> and its only known host, including determining how the pathogen evolves virulence so rapidly is crucial for disease management. Achieving such goals relies on the availability of a comprehensive and high-quality genome reference assembly. To date, two reference genomes have been assembled and published for <em>H. vastatrix</em> that, while useful, remain fragmented and do not represent chromosomal scaffolds. Here, we present a complete scaffolded pseudochromosome-level genome resource for <em>H. vastatrix </em>strain 178a (Hv178a). Our initial assembly revealed an unusually high degree of gene duplication (over 50% BUSCO basidiomycota_odb10 genes). Upon inspection, this was predominantly due to a single scaffold that itself showed 91.9% BUSCO Completeness. Taxonomic analysis of predicted BUSCO genes placed this scaffold in Exobasidiomycetes and suggests it is a distinct genome, which we have named Hv178a associated fungal genome (Hv178a AFG). The high depth of coverage and close association with Hv178a raises the prospect of symbiosis, although we cannot completely rule out contamination at this time. The main Ca. 546 Mbp Hv178a genome was primarily (97.7%) localised to 11 pseudochromosomes (51.5 Mb N50), building the foundation for future advanced studies of genome structure and organization. Citation: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.29.502101</p>
Screening for simple sequences repeat markers in Hemileia vastatrix
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><i>Hemileia vastatrix</i> is the most important fungal pathogen affecting <i>Coffea arabica</i> and has invaded nearly every coffee-growing region in the world and the causal agent of recurrent disease epidemics. The development of resistant varieties of coffee against <i>H. vastatrix</i> requires fundamental understanding of the biology of the fungus. However, the complete life cycle of <i>H. vastatrix</i> remains unknown and conflicting studies exist as to whether the fungus is capable of sexual reproduction or not. Here we used population genetics of <i>H. vastatrix </i>to determine the reproductive mode of the fungus across most of its current geographic range. The genetic relationships among <i>H. vastatrix</i> isolates were determined using eight simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs) developed for this study. The analyses of the standardized index of association (rbarD = 0.114 - 0.557, p = 0.001), Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (p ≤ 0.05), and clonal richness (0 - 0.19) all strongly support asexual reproduction of <i>H. vastatrix</i> in all sampled areas. Similarly, the Minimum Spanning Network reinforces the interpretation of clonal reproduction in the global <i>H. vastatrix</i> population. These findings may have profound implications for resistance breeding and other programs against <i>H. vastatrix</i>.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Screening for simple sequences repeat markers in Hemileia vastatrix
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