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FIG. 11 in Revision of the Genus Henicorhynchus, with a Revised Diagnosis of Gymnostomus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae)

FIG. 11. Ventral view of Labeo boga, CAS SU 41167, 74.3 mm SL. Abbreviations: LL, lower lip; MB, maxillary barbel; PG, post-oral groove; RC, rostral cap; UL, upper lip. Photo by Z. Randall (FLMNH).

FIG. 7. Henicorhynchus siamensis, ANSP 68069 in Revision of the Genus Henicorhynchus, with a Revised Diagnosis of Gymnostomus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae)

FIG. 7. Henicorhynchus siamensis, ANSP 68069, holotype of Cirrhinus marginipinnis, 113.7 mm SL. Photo by K. Luckenbill (ANSP). = caudal peduncle with small brown spot at medial insertion of opercula occasionally silver. Dorsal 1 to of flank light to 3 caudal fin in smaller specimens; caudal fin mostly clear, with dark brown, with scattered darker = brown spots on scales in scattered melanophores; pectoral, pelvic, and anal fins some specimens; ventral to 2 cream, yellow, or light 3 hyaline in life. brown. Brown to black spot on medial portion of caudal peduncle near caudal-fin insertion in smaller specimens Comparisons.—Henicorhynchus caudimaculatus is most similar (,100 mm SL). Up to seven brown longitudinal stripes on to H. entmema in having a subterminal mouth and maxillary flanks in most specimens; usually distinct in specimens barbels, but differs in having a straight edge on the rostral cap greater than approximately 40 mm SL. Venter cream, yellow, (vs. a medial indent on the rostral cap of H. entmema) and in or light brown. Dorsal fin with dark brown clusters of usually having a series of longitudinal stripes along the flank melanophores forming blotches in middle portions of (vs. flank always immaculate in H. entmema). interradial membranes, distal edge brown; pectoral, pelvic, and anal fins hyaline; caudal fin generally clear, with Description.—Morphometrics and meristics in Table 2. Mouth scattered melanophores. subterminal, weakly oblique to nearly horizontal. Maxillary barbels present. Edge of rostral cap straight, without medial Remarks.—In the original description of H. caudimaculatus, indent; rostral cap occasionally with well-developed tuber- Fowler (1934) noted a ''grayish axial streak'' along the flank of cles. Pectoral fin with 14–16 branched rays. Lateral-line scales the holotype (p. 126, fig. 90) in addition to a brown spot on and pored scales on caudal fin 31–34þ2–3; predorsal scales 9– the caudal peduncle near the insertion of the caudal-fin rays. 11; scale rows above lateral line 5; scale rows below lateral In similarly sized specimens previously identified as H. lineatus, line 4 –5; scale rows between lateral line and pelvic-fin a similar spot on the caudal peduncle is present and the lateral origin 4. Maximum length ¼ 150 mm SL (Kottelat, 2001). stripes vary from very faint to bold (also noted by Roberts Dorsum of head and body brown. Dorsal of side of head [1997]), with some small specimens also possessing one light to dark brown; ventral ł cream to yellow; cheeks and distinct stripe. The types of Tylognathus caudimaculatus and

FIG. 9 in Revision of the Genus Henicorhynchus, with a Revised Diagnosis of Gymnostomus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae)

FIG. 9. Distributions of georeferenced specimens examined of: (A) Henicorhynchus caudiguttatus and H. ornatipinnis, (B) H. caudimaculatus, (C) H. entmema, and (D) H. siamensis.

FIG. 4 in Revision of the Genus Henicorhynchus, with a Revised Diagnosis of Gymnostomus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae)

FIG. 4. Henicorhynchus caudimaculatus. (A) ANSP 58332, holotype, 41.4 mm SL, (B) USNM 107960, holotype of Cirrhinus lineatus, 108.8 mm SL. Images not to scale. Photo A by K. Luckenbill (ANSP); photo B by S. Raredon (USNM).

FIG. 2 in Revision of the Genus Henicorhynchus, with a Revised Diagnosis of Gymnostomus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae)

FIG. 2. Ventral views of (A) Henicorhynchus siamensis, CAS 93270, 81.5 mm SL, and (B) H. entmema, CAS 96199, 79.5 mm SL. Abbreviations: LL, lower lip; MB, maxillary barbel; RC, rostral cap; UL, upper lip. Scale bars ¼ 1 mm. Photos by Z. Randall (FLMNH).

FIG. 5 in Revision of the Genus Henicorhynchus, with a Revised Diagnosis of Gymnostomus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae)

FIG. 5. Henicorhynchus entmema. (A) ANSP 59092, holotype, 46.4 mm SL, (B) USNM 119490, holotype of H. lobatus, 96.7 mm SL. Images not to scale. Photo A by K. Luckenbill (ANSP); photo B by S. Raredon (USNM).

FIG. 10 in Revision of the Genus Henicorhynchus, with a Revised Diagnosis of Gymnostomus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae)

FIG. 10. Ventral view of Gymnostomus ariza, CAS 94081, 120.8 mm SL. Abbreviations: FM, fimbriae; RB, rostral barbel; RC, rostral cap. Photo by Z. Randall (FLMNH).

FIG. 1 in Revision of the Genus Henicorhynchus, with a Revised Diagnosis of Gymnostomus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae)

FIG. 1. Lateral views of (A) Henicorhynchus siamensis, CAS 93270, 81.5 mm SL, and (B) H. entmema, CAS 96199, 79.5 mm SL. Dashed lines indicate angle of mouth. Scale bars ¼ 5 mm. Photos by Z. Randall (FLMNH).

FIG. 3. Henicorhynchus caudiguttatus, ANSP 58452 in Revision of the Genus Henicorhynchus, with a Revised Diagnosis of Gymnostomus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae)

FIG. 3. Henicorhynchus caudiguttatus, ANSP 58452, holotype, 59.8 mm SL. Photo by K. Luckenbill (ANSP).

Figure 5 from: Nguyen DT, Ho AT, Hoang NT, Wu H, Zhang E (2020) 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui, a new species of cavefish from Central Vietnam (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). ZooKeys 965: 85-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.965.52751

Figure 5 Species most closely related to 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui sp. nov.: aHenicorhynchus lineatusbH. lobatuscH. ornatipinnisdH. siamensiseCirrhinus jullienifC. microlepisgC. molitorella; and hSpeolabeo hokhanhi. Photos b, d, e, f and g from Vietnam, by D.D. Tran (Can Tho University, Vietnam); a and c from Laos, by Bounthob Praxaysombath (National University of Laos, Laos) (from Kano et al. 2013); and h from Vietnam, by D.T. Nguyen. Scale bars: 1 cm.

Figure 3 from: Nguyen DT, Ho AT, Hoang NT, Wu H, Zhang E (2020) 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui, a new species of cavefish from Central Vietnam (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). ZooKeys 965: 85-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.965.52751

Figure 3 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui sp. nov., IHB 2016105898, paratype, 98.0 mm SL: a lateral view of head b gill rakers on lower arm of first arch c pharyngeal teeth d air bladder; and e intestines.

Figure 1 from: Nguyen DT, Ho AT, Hoang NT, Wu H, Zhang E (2020) 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui, a new species of cavefish from Central Vietnam (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). ZooKeys 965: 85-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.965.52751

Figure 1 Lateral view of 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui sp. nov.: a IEBR 105901, holotype, 74.3 mm SL; and b IHB 2016105898, paratype, 98.0 mm SL. Both specimens caught in central Vietnam: Son River system in Gianh river drainage: Khe Lanh Cave.

Figure 7 from: Nguyen DT, Ho AT, Hoang NT, Wu H, Zhang E (2020) 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui, a new species of cavefish from Central Vietnam (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). ZooKeys 965: 85-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.965.52751

Figure 7 Vietnam: Son River system in Gianh River drainage basin: Khe Lanh Cave: mouth of cave (left) and habitat of 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui sp. nov. (right).

Figure 4 from: Nguyen DT, Ho AT, Hoang NT, Wu H, Zhang E (2020) 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui, a new species of cavefish from Central Vietnam (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). ZooKeys 965: 85-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.965.52751

Figure 4 Ventral view of mouthpart structures in 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui sp. nov., IHB 2016105898, paratype, 98.0 mm SL. lj, lower jaw; ll, lower lip; mb, maxillary barbel; pg, postlabial groove; rb, rostral barbel; rf, rostral fold; ul, upper lip; uj, upper jaw.

Figure 2 from: Nguyen DT, Ho AT, Hoang NT, Wu H, Zhang E (2020) 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui, a new species of cavefish from Central Vietnam (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). ZooKeys 965: 85-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.965.52751

Figure 2 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui sp. nov., specimen not preserved, about 100 mm SL, Vietnam: Khe Lanh cave; life coloration.

FIG. 8 in Revision of the Genus Henicorhynchus, with a Revised Diagnosis of Gymnostomus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae)

FIG. 8. Henicorhynchus siamensis, UF 191421, live, 51.5 mm SL. Photo by Z. Randall (FLMNH).

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Figure 6 from: Nguyen DT, Ho AT, Hoang NT, Wu H, Zhang E (2020) 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui, a new species of cavefish from Central Vietnam (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). ZooKeys 965: 85-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.965.52751

Figure 6 Map showing the distribution of 'Henicorhynchus' thaitui sp. nov. (▲).