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FIGURE 7 in A new generic name, Semigothograptus, for Gothograptus? meganassa Rickards & Palmer, 2002, from the Silurian post- lundgreni Biozone recovery phase, and comparative morphology of retiolitids from the lowermost upper Homerian (upper Wenlock)

FIGURE 7. SEM pictures of nassa type genicular hoods of Gothograptus nassa Holm, 1890 and Semigothograptus meganassa (Rickards & Palmer, 2002). A – D. Semigothograptus meganassa, ZPAL G. 54 / 1, 1649.2 m, Bartoszyce IG- 1 drill core, Poland, uppermost part of dubius / nassa Biozone, A. hood of th 2 2 with marked surface bandages (arrow). B. enlargement showing pustules on parallel bandages (arrow), C. hood of th 1 2 with marked space between bandages (arrow), D. hood of th 3 2, surface bandages (arrow). E – H. Gothograptus nassa, Bartoszyce IG- 1, 1655.8 m, dubius / nassa Biozone, E. whole hood of th 3 2, irregular bandages arrowed, specimen ZPAL G. 54 / 3. F – G. enlargement of hood, ZPAL G. 54 / 9, F. showing pustules on parallel bandages (arrows), G. presenting edges of subjacent bandages (arrows). H. fragment of hood of mature specimen with thick layer of irregular bandages with distinctive pustules and parallel bandages (arrow), ZPAL G. 54 / 6.

FIGURE 6 in A new generic name, Semigothograptus, for Gothograptus? meganassa Rickards & Palmer, 2002, from the Silurian post- lundgreni Biozone recovery phase, and comparative morphology of retiolitids from the lowermost upper Homerian (upper Wenlock)

FIGURE 6. Silurian paleogeographic map with occurrences of Semigothograptus new genus. Localities and graptolite data derived from the following literature sources; 1. Northeastern Poland (Baltica): this paper. 2. United Kingdom (Avalonia): Rickards & Palmer 2002. 3. Bohemia: KozłowskāDawidziuk et al. 2001. 4. Thuringia (Saxo-Thuringia): Jaeger 1991.

FIGURE 5 in A new generic name, Semigothograptus, for Gothograptus? meganassa Rickards & Palmer, 2002, from the Silurian post- lundgreni Biozone recovery phase, and comparative morphology of retiolitids from the lowermost upper Homerian (upper Wenlock)

FIGURE 5. Stratigraphical ranges of the Semigothograptus meganassa (Rickards & Palmer, 2002) in the Homerian at United Kingdom (Rickards & Palmers 2002), Czech Republic (Kozłowska et al. 2001), Germany (Maletz 2010), and Poland (Kozłowska this paper). Abbreviations: L. Hom.—Lower Homerian, Rep.—Republic.

FIGURE 3 in A new generic name, Semigothograptus, for Gothograptus? meganassa Rickards & Palmer, 2002, from the Silurian post- lundgreni Biozone recovery phase, and comparative morphology of retiolitids from the lowermost upper Homerian (upper Wenlock)

FIGURE 3. Light photos of Semigothograptus meganassa (Rickards & Palmer, 2002), specimen broken into two parts, ZPAL G.54/2, Bartoszyce IG-1 drill core, depth 1649.2 m; A. with sediment before cleaning in HF; B–C. two sides of lower part of the fragment after cleaning in HF. Abbreviation: lat. ap. rod—lateral apertural rod.

FIGURE 4 in A new generic name, Semigothograptus, for Gothograptus? meganassa Rickards & Palmer, 2002, from the Silurian post- lundgreni Biozone recovery phase, and comparative morphology of retiolitids from the lowermost upper Homerian (upper Wenlock)

FIGURE 4. Comparison of the main structures of tubaria used in this study. A. Papiliograptus papilio Lenz & Kozłowska- Dawidziuk, 2002, Šiupyliai-69 borehole, Lithuania; B. Semigothograptus meganassa (Rickards & Palmer, 2002), ZPAL G.54/ 1, Bartoszyce IG-1 drill core, depth 1649.2 m; C-D. Gothograptus nassa Holm, 1890, C. young colony, reverse side, ZPAL G.54/4, Bartoszyce IG-1 drill core, depth 1656.8 m, D. mature colony with broken distal end, obverse side, ZPAL G.54/5, Bartoszyce IG-1 drill core, depth, 1655.8 m. Scale 1 mm for all pictures. Abbreviations: anc.—ancora, sl.—sleeve, umbr.— umbrella.

FIGURE 2 in A new generic name, Semigothograptus, for Gothograptus? meganassa Rickards & Palmer, 2002, from the Silurian post- lundgreni Biozone recovery phase, and comparative morphology of retiolitids from the lowermost upper Homerian (upper Wenlock)

FIGURE 2. Proximal ends showing ancora umbrella looping meshes of A. Gothograptus nassa Holm, 1890 early growth stage, ZPAL G.54/7, Bartoszyce IG-1 drill core, depth 1656.8 m; B. Semigothograptus meganassa (Rickards & Palmer, 2002), ZPAL G.54/1, Bartoszyce IG-1 drill core, depth 1649.2 m.

FIGURE 1 in A new generic name, Semigothograptus, for Gothograptus? meganassa Rickards & Palmer, 2002, from the Silurian post- lundgreni Biozone recovery phase, and comparative morphology of retiolitids from the lowermost upper Homerian (upper Wenlock)

FIGURE 1. Tubaria of A–C. Gothograptus nassa Holm, 1890 and D. Semigothograptus meganassa (Rickards & Palmer, 2002) from dubius/nassa Biozone, Bartoszyce IG-1 drill core, Poland. A. Gothograptus nassa, obverse view of mature tubarium with destroyed distal end, long morphotype, ZPAL G.54/5, 1655.8 m, B. latero-ventral view of mature tubarium with appendix, short morphotype, ZPAL G.54/8, 1658.8 m, C. long appendix, ZPAL G.54/10, 1656.8 m. D. Semigothograptus meganassa, obverse view, ZPAL G.54/1, 1649.2 m, uppermost part of dubius/nassa Biozone.

FIGURE 7 in A new generic name, Semigothograptus, for Gothograptus? meganassa Rickards & Palmer, 2002, from the Silurian post- lundgreni Biozone recovery phase, and comparative morphology of retiolitids from the lowermost upper Homerian (upper Wenlock)

FIGURE 7. SEM pictures of nassa type genicular hoods of Gothograptus nassa Holm, 1890 and Semigothograptus meganassa (Rickards & Palmer, 2002). A–D. Semigothograptus meganassa, ZPAL G.54/1, 1649.2 m, Bartoszyce IG-1drill core, Poland, uppermost part of dubius/nassa Biozone, A. hood of th22 with marked surface bandages (arrow). B. enlargement showing pustules on parallel bandages (arrow), C. hood of th12 with marked space between bandages (arrow), D. hood of th32, surface bandages (arrow). E–H. Gothograptus nassa, Bartoszyce IG-1, 1655.8 m, dubius/nassa Biozone, E. whole hood of th32, irregular bandages arrowed, specimen ZPAL G.54/3. F–G. enlargement of hood, ZPAL G.54/9, F. showing pustules on parallel bandages (arrows), G. presenting edges of subjacent bandages (arrows). H. fragment of hood of mature specimen with thick layer of irregular bandages with distinctive pustules and parallel bandages (arrow), ZPAL G.54/6.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Data from: Harnessing stratigraphic bias at the section scale: conodont diversity in the Homerian (Silurian) of the Midland Platform, England

Fossil abundance and diversity in geological successions are subject to bias arising from shifting depositional and diagenetic environments, resulting in variable rates of fossil accumulation and preservation. In simulations, this bias can be constrained based on sequence-stratigraphic architecture. Nonetheless, a practical quantitative method of incorporating the contribution of sequence-stratigraphic architecture in community palaeoecology and diversity analyses derived from individual successions is missing. As a model of faunal turnover affected by the stratigraphic bias, we use the 'Mulde event', a postulated mid-Silurian interval of elevated conodont turnover, which coincides with global eustatic sea-level changes and which has been based on regionally constrained observations. We test whether conodont turnover is highest at the boundary corresponding to the 'event' and post-'event' interval against the alternative that conodont turnover reflects habitat tracking and peaks at facies shifts. Based on the previously documented, parasequence-level stratigraphic framework of sections in the northern and central part of the Midland Platform, the relative controls of sequence-stratigraphic architecture, time and depositional environment over conodont distribution are evaluated using permutational multivariate analysis of variance. The depositional environment controls the largest part of variability in conodont assemblage composition, whereas the postulated 'Mulde event', or genuine temporal change in conodont diversity, cannot be detected. Depending on the binning of the stratigraphic succession, contrasting diversity and turnover patterns can be produced. The simple approach proposed here, emulating partitioning of β diversity into spatial and temporal components, may help to constrain the stratigraphic bias, even at the scale of an individual section.

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

Supplementary data for: A Silurian (Homerian) pelmatozoan echinoderm fauna from west-central Ohio

A diverse echinoderm fauna lived in reef and non-reef Silurian facies of the upper Midwestern United States. However, these faunas are dominantly preserved in dolostones with fossils preserved only as molds and casts, and fossils from dolostone facies have not been documented to the extent of Silurian crinoids in non-dolostone strata. Herein, an echinoderm fauna is described from the dolostones of the Cedarville Member of the Laurel Limestone (Wenlock, Homerian) from the Pepcon Quarry in west-central Ohio. The described fauna contains blastoids, hemicosmitoids, and crinoids, including Troosticrinus subcylindricus (Hall and Whitfield, 1875); Caryocrinites sp.; an unidentifiable diplobathrid camerate, Periechocrinus tennesseensis (Hall and Whitfield, 1875); Periechocrinus egani? Miller, 1881; Stiptocrinus farringtoni (Slocom, 1908); Calliocrinus primibrachialis Busch, 1943; Calliocrinus popplemani n. sp.; Calliocrinus hadros n. sp.; and Lecanocrinus sp. Generic concepts for the Eucalyptocrinitidae are clarified; and, surprisingly, Eucalyptocrinites is absent from this fauna.

publicAug 2018View details →

Data from: Harnessing stratigraphic bias at the section scale: conodont diversity in the Homerian (Silurian) of the Midland Platform, England

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