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43 results for “Insect conservation”
Scale insects contribute to spider conservation in urban trees and shrubs
<p>Urbanization filters arthropod communities and selects for species tolerant of urban conditions. Spiders are key generalist predators in urban ecosystems, but certain spider families are rare in cities compared to rural areas. The unique arthropod communities found in different tree species likely affect their ability to conserve spiders by providing different prey resources. If arthropods disperse from trees to plants growing below trees, the conservation benefits of the arthropod communities found in trees may also extend to plants growing beneath them. Certain urban tree species can host high densities of scale-insects and other arthropods that may provide important prey resources for spiders. To assess the conservation value of different arthropod communities in urban trees, we collected spiders from scale-infested and scale-uninfested trees and from shrubs under these trees. We used hanging cup traps to collect spiders that fell from both tree types. Spider abundance was greater within, and in shrubs below, scale-infested compared to scale-uninfested trees. Scale-infested trees hosted more orb web weaving spiders than scale-uninfested trees. Shrubs under scale-infested trees hosted more hunting, orb web weaving, and space web weaving spiders than shrubs under uninfested trees. Our findings suggest that scale-infested urban trees, and the robust arthropod communities they support, conserve certain spider guilds, and these benefits extend to other plants in the landscape.</p> <p><strong>Implications for insect conservation:</strong> The ability of urban trees to conserve spider communities is in part attributable to the abundance of potential prey available within trees. Therefore, tolerating pests such as scale insects in urban trees can conserve spider communities both within trees and in shrubs planted below these trees.</p>
Scale insects contribute to spider conservation in urban trees and shrubs
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Insect Conservation Actions Ontology
<p>Insect conservation experts constructed an ontology of insect conservation actions based on a long list of possible actions pulled from a review of reviews and web scraping similar conservation projects. The full methods are detailed at: https://insectconservation.github.io/methods.html</p>
Data from: The ecological implications of rubber-based agroforest: insect conservation and invasion control
<p>1. Protected areas are increasingly threatened by biological invasions, especially in Tropical Asia where extensive areas of natural habitats have been converted to monoculture plantations. Such disturbance provides a gateway for exotic species invasions, highlighting an urgent need for cross-boundary solutions to mitigate invasion impacts. 2. Agroforests, with multi-storied trees and crops resembling the complex structure of natural forest, are well-known to promote native species compared to monoculture plantations. Yet our knowledge on their roles in controlling exotic species is limited to plant invaders, with effects on animal invaders still unknown. Given that protected areas are increasingly threatened by invaders from surrounding plantations, with a majority of them represented by insects, it is important to evaluate the effect of agroforestry practice, and mechanisms of associated management to control invasions. 3. By using both taxonomic and functional trait-based approaches, we studied leaf litter ant communities in 12 rubber monoculture (mono-rubber), 9 rubber plantation with understory crops (agro-rubber), 16 secondary, and 12 old-growth secondary forest plots in and around protected areas in Hainan, China. Sampled ants were further classified into groups based on their invasive potential (tramp vs non-tramp) to determine the ecological values of agro-rubber. 4. We found that despite mono-rubber and agro-rubber presenting similar species richness, the latter 1) supports species composition and functional diversity more similar to secondary forests, and 2) reduces tramp ant species occurrence, a novel management incentive. Nonetheless, agro-rubber is not comparable to secondary forest in terms of non-tramp ant species composition. 5. Synthesis and applications. If it is not feasible to preserve natural forests in human-dominated landscapes against the growing threat of biological invasion, proactive mitigation through increasing the area of agro-rubber at the periphery of protected areas can reduce invasive species' establishment and spread. Plantation-based agroforestry has emerged as a potential management avenue and incentive for transforming monoculture plantations into a less "harmful" alternative.</p>
Data for: Identifying the knowledge and capacity gaps in Southeast Asian insect conservation
<p>Datasets used in the paper "Identifying the knowledge and capacity gaps in Southeast Asian insect conservation".</p> <p>Curated datasets are provided in <em>Curated_Datasets.zip</em> and consists of (1) Insect occurrence, (2) primary literature, (3) authorship, (4) funding, and (5) Twitter data. Refer to <em>README_curated_datasets.txt</em> for more information on each dataset and their term definitions.</p> <p>Raw insect occurrence data from GBIF are provided in <em>GBIF_Raw_Insect_Occurrences.zip</em>. Refer to <em>README_GBIF_Raw_Insect_Occurrences.txt</em> for more information on each dataset and their term definitions.</p> <p>Data and models used in the authors' spaCy classifier analysis are provided in <em>spaCy_Data.zip</em> and <em>spaCy_Model_Best.zip</em>. Refer to <em>README_spacy.txt</em> for more information on each file and term definitions of the datasets used.</p> <p>Accompanying codes used to produce the figures and conduct the analyses are available in Github (https://github.com/teelabntu/SEA_Insect_Conservation).</p>
Supplementary material 4 from: Romiti F, Redolfi De Zan L, Rossi de Gasperis S, Tini M, Scaccini D, Anaclerio M, Carpaneto G (2017) Latitudinal cline in weapon allometry and phenology of the European stag beetle. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 57-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.12681
Allometric relationship between mandible (LnML) and elytron (LnEL) length of each population : Data type: statistical data
Supplementary material 3 from: Romiti F, Redolfi De Zan L, Rossi de Gasperis S, Tini M, Scaccini D, Anaclerio M, Carpaneto G (2017) Latitudinal cline in weapon allometry and phenology of the European stag beetle. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 57-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.12681
Allometric relationship between mandible (LnML) and elytron (LnEL) length for minor and major morph : Data type: statistical data
Supplementary material 1 from: Romiti F, Redolfi De Zan L, Rossi de Gasperis S, Tini M, Scaccini D, Anaclerio M, Carpaneto G (2017) Latitudinal cline in weapon allometry and phenology of the European stag beetle. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 57-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.12681
Shapiro-Wilk normality test on biometric, phenological and climatic variable : Data type: statistical data
Supplementary material 1 from: Zapponi L, Mazza G, Farina A, Fedrigoli L, Mazzocchi F, Roversi PF, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Mason F (2017) The role of monumental trees for the preservation of saproxylic biodiversity: re-thinking their management in cultural landscapes. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 231-243. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.12464
List of recorded species : Explanation note: The supplementary material contains the list of species recorded during the 1982 and 2017 inventories, showing for each species: number of individuals, average circunference and average height.
Supplementary material 1 from: Picanço A, Gil A, Rigal F, Borges PAV (2017) Pollination services mapping and economic valuation from insect communities: a case study in the Azores (Terceira Island). Nature Conservation 18: 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.18.11523
Supporting information : Explanation note: Description of the landscape disturbance index methodological approach according to Cardoso et al. (2013).
Supplementary material 1 from: Kadej M, Zając K, Smolis A, Tarnawski D, Tyszecka K, Malkiewicz A, Pietraszko M, Warchałowski M, Gil R (2017) The great capricorn beetle Cerambyx cerdo L. in south-western Poland – the current state and perspectives of conservation in one of the recent distribution centres in Central Europe. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 111-134. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.11838
Table S1. Correlation matrix of all initial environmental layers selected for modelling in MaxEnt : Data type: statistical data
Supplementary material 1 from: Unterweger PA, Klammer J, Unger M, Betz O (2018) Insect hibernation on urban green land: a winter-adapted mowing regime as a management tool for insect conservation. BioRisk 13: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/biorisk.13.22316
Table with all captured species / morphotypes sorted by order, family and species / morphotype. : Explanation note: Collection: University of Tübingen, Evolutionary Biology of Invertebrates, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. Individuals with scientific species name that were checked by a taxonomic expert were counted as taxonomic species (s); all the other determinations were counted as morphotypes (m). Morphotypes are defined by the lowest practical taxonomic level (e.g. Hanula et al. 2009; Kutschbach-Brohl et al. 2010). In some cases, the family or the morphometric body length (in mm, numbers in column C, Mini: smaller than 1 mm) was counted as a morphotype (Daly 1985). In cases for which the determination was not validated by a taxonomic expert, our species determination was checked for plausibility in terms of its geographical occurrence via the Entomofauna Germanica (http://www.colkat.de, 2017.11.06). Alternatively (if no taxonomic name could be found), a classification letter / number was assigned for a morphotype. The provided author name refers to the lowest practical taxonomic level (e.g. Hanula et al. 2009; Kutschbach-Brohl et al. 2010). Validation: name of scientific expert who checked the taxonomic determination. Management type of meadow in autumn: mown /unmown. Plant compartment: flower head, stem, tuft, leaves. All numbers represent total sums of all sample sites over the entire study period. Brown-labelled species names are thought to have hibernated in the soil. Green-labelled species names could only be found in flower heads and stems. Black-labelled species occurred in all plant compartments without any preference for a specific plant compartment.
Figure 6 in Natural history of a South African insect pollinator assemblage (Insecta: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera): diagnostic notes, food web analysis and conservation recommendations
Figure 6. Adults of species of Cetoniinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from the Skukuza Ranger District, Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa. (a) Amazula suavis; (b) Dischista cincta; (c) Dischista rufa; (d) Discopeltis bellula; (e) Leucocelisa methystina; (f) Leucocelis vitticollis; (g) Mausoleopsis amabilis; (h–j) three colour forms of Clinteroides permutans; (k) Pachnoda sinuata flaviventris (l) Pedinorrhina trivittata; (m) Rhabdotis albinigra; (n, o) two colour forms of Phoxomela umbrosa; (p) Phoxomeloides laticincta. Photos by A.P. Marais.
Figure 7 in Natural history of a South African insect pollinator assemblage (Insecta: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera): diagnostic notes, food web analysis and conservation recommendations
Figure 7. Adults of species of Cetoniinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) on flowers in the Skukuza Ranger District, Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa.(a) Pedinorrhina trivittata on flowers of Peltophorum africanum; (b) Leucocelis amethystina on flowers of Acacia nilotica; (c) Leucocelis vitticollis on flowers of Peltophorum africanum; (d) Mausoleopsis amabilis on flowers of Peltophorum africanum; (e) Amazula suavis on flowers of Terminalia sericea; (f) Rhabdotis albinigra on flowers of Flueggea virosa; (g) Phoxomela umbrosa on flowers of Dalbergia melanoxylon: (h) Dischista cincta on flowers of Flueggea virosa.
Figure 3 in Natural history of a South African insect pollinator assemblage (Insecta: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera): diagnostic notes, food web analysis and conservation recommendations
Figure 3. Our sampling activities included visual inspection of flowering trees and shrubs, and photographic documentation of insect pollinators and floral visitors (left image), as well as insect specimen voucher collection (right image).
Figure 13 in Natural history of a South African insect pollinator assemblage (Insecta: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera): diagnostic notes, food web analysis and conservation recommendations
Figure 13. Plant-pollinator food web diagram for trees and shrubs that flower during the early rainy season in the Skukuza Ranger District, Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa. The diagram links the known or likely pollinator species (right-hand side of diagram) with their associated plant species (left-hand side of diagram). Connectance values (defined as the number of observed interactions for a species, divided by the number of possible interactions for that species) for individual plant species ranged between 0.06 and 0.46, with an average connectance value across all plant species of 0.19 (standard deviation of 0.13). Connectance values for individual pollinator species ranged between 0.04 and 0.67, with an average connectance value across all pollinator species of 0.20 (standard deviation of 0.17).
Figure 12 in Natural history of a South African insect pollinator assemblage (Insecta: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera): diagnostic notes, food web analysis and conservation recommendations
Figure 12. Summary of floral colouration and floral phenology characteristics for flowering tree and shrub species that we observed in the Skukuza Ranger District, Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa. Numbers indicate percentages of the 27 tree and shrub species included in this study.
Figure 10 in Natural history of a South African insect pollinator assemblage (Insecta: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera): diagnostic notes, food web analysis and conservation recommendations
Figure 10. Adults of species of the carpenter bee genus Xylocopa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) observed in the Skukuza Ranger District, Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa. (a) X. caffra female; (b) X. caffra male; (c) X. inconstans female; (d) X. inconstans male; (e) X. flavorufa female; (f) X. lugubris female; (g) X. flavorufa male.
Figure 11 in Natural history of a South African insect pollinator assemblage (Insecta: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera): diagnostic notes, food web analysis and conservation recommendations
Figure 11. Characteristic growth forms of common tree and shrub species in the Skukuza Ranger District, Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa. (a) Peltophorum africanum; (b) Terminalia prunioides; (c) Terminalia sericea; (d) Grewia flavescens; (e) Acacia exuvialis; (f) Acacia nigrescens; (g) Acacia tortilis; (h) Dichrostachys cinerea; (i) Ziziphus mucronata.
Figure 2 in Natural history of a South African insect pollinator assemblage (Insecta: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera): diagnostic notes, food web analysis and conservation recommendations
Figure 2. Schematic diagram showing our sampling framework as deployed along the road segments listed in the Appendix, centred along tourist roads, gravel roads and firebreak roads in the Skukuza Ranger District of the Kruger National Park. Floral visitors of flowering trees and shrubs located within 30 m of the road edge in each road segment were surveyed as part of our field effort.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.