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67 results for “Insectivorous bats”
Landscape composition drives the impacts of artificial light at night on insectivorous bats
<p>Abstract of the related publication :</p> <p>Among the most prevalent sources of biodiversity declines, Artificial Light At Night (ALAN) is an emerging threat<br> to global biodiversity. Much knowledge has already been gained to reduce impacts. However, the spatial variation<br> of ALAN effects on biodiversity in interaction with landscape composition remains little studied, though it is<br> of the utmost importance to identify lightscapes most in need of action. Several studies have shown that, at local<br> scale, tree cover can intensify positive or negative effects of ALAN on biodiversity, but none have – at landscape<br> scale – studied a wider range of landscape compositions around lit sites. We hypothesized that the magnitude of<br> ALAN effects will depend on landscape composition and species’ tolerance to light. Taking the case of insectivorous<br> bats because of their varying sensitivity to ALAN, we investigated the species-specific activity response to<br> ALAN. Bat activity was recorded along a gradient of light radiance. We ensured a large variability in landscape<br> composition around 253 sampling sites. Among the 13 bat taxa studied, radiance decreased the activity of two<br> groups of the slow-flying gleaner guild (Myotis and Plecotus spp.) and one species of the aerial-hawking guild<br> (Pipistrellus pipistrellus), and increased the activity of two species of the aerial-hawking guild (Pipistrellus kuhlii<br> and Pipistrellus pygmaeus). Among these five effects, the magnitude of four of them was driven by landscape composition.<br> For five other species, ALAN effects were only detectable in particular landscape compositions, making<br> the main effect of radiance undetectable without account for interactions with landscape. Specifically, effects<br> were strongest in non-urban habitats, for both guilds. Results highlight the importance to prioritize ALAN reduction<br> efforts in non-urban habitats, and how important is to account for landscape composition when studying<br> ALAN effects on bats to avoid missing effects.</p>
Edge effects and vertical stratification of aerial insectivorous bats across the interface of primary-secondary Amazonian rainforest
<p><span>Edge effects - abiotic and biotic changes associated with habitat boundaries - are key drivers of community change in fragmented landscapes. Their influence is heavily modulated by matrix composition. With over half of the world's tropical forests predicted to become forest edge by the end of the </span><span>century, it is paramount that conservationists gain a better understanding of how tropical biota is impacted by edge gradients. Bats comprise a large fraction of tropical mammalian fauna and are demonstrably sensitive to habitat modification. Yet, </span><span>knowledge about how bat assemblages are affected by edge effects remains scarce</span><span>. Capitalizing on a whole-ecosystem manipulation in the Central Amazon, the aims of this study were to i) assess the consequences of edge effects for twelve aerial insectivorous bat species across the interface of primary and secondary forest and ii) investigate if the activity levels of these species differed between the understory and canopy and if they were modulated by distance from the edge</span><span>. Acoustic surveys were conducted along four 2-km transects each traversing equal parts of primary and ca. 30-year-old secondary forest. Five models were used to assess the changes in the relative activity of forest specialists (three species), flexible forest foragers (three species), and edge foragers (six species). Modelling results revealed no evidence of edge effects, except for forest specialists in the understory. No significant differences in activity were found between the secondary or primary forest but most species exhibited pronounced vertical stratification. Our study highlights that forest specialist bats are more edge-sensitive than both flexible forest and edge foraging bats and suggests that the influence of edge effects on aerial insectivorous bats may exceed 2 km. The absence of pronounced edge effects and the comparable activity levels between primary and old secondary forests indicates that old secondary forest can help ameliorate the consequences of fragmentation on tropical aerial insectivorous bats. </span></p>
Impacts of rainforest degradation on the diets of the insectivorous bats of Sabah
<b>Description: </b><p>The work was carried out within Sabah, at the SAFE project, Danum Valley and Maliau basin. Bats were captured by deploying 6 harp traps per night, during field seasons taking place in 2015, 2016 and 2017. Bat guano samples were collected by placing individual bats into cloth bags, and then releasing them after 12 hours. Any guano in the bottom of the bag was then transferred into 95% ethanol and stored at -20. DNA was extracted from the faecal samples using a Qiagen Stool Mini kit, and then amplified using the ZBJ-ArtF1c ZBJ-ArtR2c primers, and sequencing the DNA on an Illumina MiSeq.</p><p><b>Project: </b>This dataset was collected as part of the following SAFE research project: <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/projects/project_view/182"><b>Impacts of rainforest degradation on the diets of the insectivorous bats of Sabah</b></a></p><p><b>Funding: </b>These data were collected as part of research funded by: </p><ul><li>NERC (Standard grant, NE/K016407/1)</li><li>Royal Society (Standard grant, RG130793)</li><li>Bat Conservation International (Standard grant)</li></ul><p>This dataset is released under the CC-BY 4.0 licence, requiring that you cite the dataset in any outputs, but has the additional condition that you acknowledge the contribution of these funders in any outputs.</p><p></p><p><b>Permits: </b>These data were collected under permit from the following authorities:</p><ul><li>Sabah Biodiversity Centre (Research licence JKM/MBS.1000-2/2 JLD.4 (46))</li></ul><p></p><p><b>XML metadata: </b>GEMINI compliant metadata for this dataset is available <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/datasets/xml_metadata?id=3247465">here</a></p><p><b>Files: </b>This dataset consists of 3 files: Bat_SAFE_data_metadata.xlsx, interaction_network.csv, sequences_95.fasta</p><p><b>Bat_SAFE_data_metadata.xlsx</b></p><p>This file contains dataset metadata and 1 data tables:</p><ol><li><p><b>data</b> (described in worksheet Data)</p><p>Description: measurements collected</p><p>Number of fields: 21</p><p>Number of data rows: 3292</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>TrapName</b>: The trap ID which the bats were captured in (Field type: ID)</li><li><b>Lat</b>: Latitude of trap (Field type: Latitude)</li><li><b>Long</b>: Longitude of trap (Field type: Longitude)</li><li><b>Elevation</b>: Elevation of trap (Field type: Numeric)</li><li><b>Bat_no</b>: Bat ID (Field type: ID)</li><li><b>Date</b>: Date of capture (Field type: Date)</li><li><b>Faeces_no1</b>: Tube number used to store faecal sample. Pairs up with column names of interaction matrix (Field type: ID)</li><li><b>Faeces_no2</b>: Number of any additional faeces (Field type: ID)</li><li><b>Biopsy_Dave</b>: Tube used to store wing biopsy (Field type: ID)</li><li><b>Block</b>: If sampling occurred within the SAFE landscape, this is the block it occurred within (Field type: ID)</li><li><b>Fragment</b>: If sampling occurred within the SAFE landscape, this is the fragment size it occurred within (Field type: ID)</li><li><b>Site</b>: The site within Sabah sampling occurred at (Field type: ID)</li><li><b>Species</b>: The bat species ID (Field type: Taxa)</li><li><b>Sex</b>: Male or Female (Field type: Categorical trait)</li><li><b>Age</b>: Was the bat an adult or juvenile (Field type: Categorical trait)</li><li><b>Forearm</b>: The forearm length of the bat (Field type: Numeric trait)</li><li><b>Weight</b>: The weight of the bat (Field type: Numeric Trait)</li><li><b>Reproductive_condition</b>: If a female bat, if the bat was Non-Reproductive, PRegnant, LActating or Post-Lactating (Field type: Categorical trait)</li><li><b>Parasite</b>: Tube used to store any ectoparasites obtained (Field type: ID)</li><li><b>Time</b>: If the bat was captured in evening or morning (Field type: Categorical)</li><li><b>Tag</b>: Band ID, if used (Field type: ID)</li></ul></li></ol><p><b>interaction_network.csv</b></p><p>Description: A network of operational taxonomic units found within the guano of bats captured in Sabah. The column names refer to the bat guano id, as found in the columns 'Faeces_no1' and 'Faeces_no2' in the fieldwork data, and the rownames refer to the OTU of the prey, which is paired to the names of the OTUs in the fasta file.</p><p><b>sequences_95.fasta</b></p><p>Description: A fasta file of prey OTUs found in bat guano, generated using 95% similarity for clustering. The sequence names correspond with the rownames of the file interaction_network.csv</p><p><b>Date range: </b>2015-02-16 to 2017-07-21</p><p><b>Latitudinal extent: </b>4.5000 to 5.0933</p><p><b>Longitudinal extent: </b>116.7500 to 117.8380</p><p><b>Taxonomic coverage: </b><br> All taxon names are validated against the GBIF backbone taxonomy. If a dataset uses a synonym, the accepted usage is shown followed by the dataset usage in brackets. Taxa that cannot be validated, including new species and other unknown taxa, morphospecies, functional groups and taxonomic levels not used in the GBIF backbone are shown in square brackets.</p><div>Animalia<br> - Chordata<br> -  - Mammalia<br> -  -  - Chiroptera<br> -  -  -  - Emballonuridae<br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Emballonura</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Emballonura alecto</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Emballonura monticola</i><br> -  -  -  - Hipposideridae<br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Hipposideros</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Hipposideros ater</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Hipposideros bicolor</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Hipposideros cervinus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Hipposideros diadema</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Hipposideros doriae</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Hipposideros dyacorum</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Hipposideros galeritus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Hipposideros ridleyi</i><br> -  -  -  - Megadermatidae<br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Megaderma</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Megaderma spasma</i><br> -  -  -  - Nycteridae<br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Nycteris</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Nycteris tragata</i><br> -  -  -  - Pteropodidae<br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Balionycteris</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Balionycteris maculata</i><br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Macroglossus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Macroglossus minimus</i><br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Megaerops</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Megaerops wetmorei</i><br> -  -  -  - Rhinolophidae<br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Rhinolophus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Rhinolophus acuminatus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Rhinolophus affinis</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Rhinolophus borneensis</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Rhinolophus creaghi</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Rhinolophus luctus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Rhinolophus sedulus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Rhinolophus trifoliatus</i><br> -  -  -  - Vespertilionidae<br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Harpiocephalus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Harpiocephalus harpia</i><br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Hesperoptenus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Hesperoptenus blanfordi</i><br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Kerivoula</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Kerivoula hardwickii</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Kerivoula intermedia</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Kerivoula lenis</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Kerivoula minuta</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Kerivoula papillosa</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Kerivoula pellucida</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Kerivoula whiteheadi</i><br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Murina</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Murina aenea</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Murina cyclotis</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Murina rozendaali</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Murina suilla</i><br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Myotis</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Myotis muricola</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Myotis ridleyi</i><br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Phoniscus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Phoniscus atrox</i><br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Pipistrellus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Pipistrellus javanicus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Pipistrellus tenuis</i><br> -  -  -  -  - <i>Scotophilus</i><br> -  -  -  -  -  - <i>Scotophilus kuhlii</i><br></div><p></p>
Figure 3. The 95 in Effects of agroecosystems on insect and insectivorous bat activity: a preliminary finding based on light trap and mist net captures
Figure 3. The 95% family-wise confidence level for multiple comparisons test based on insectivorous bat species analyses. Left: H. aff. ruber; right: H. jonesi.
Figure 2. The 95 in Effects of agroecosystems on insect and insectivorous bat activity: a preliminary finding based on light trap and mist net captures
Figure 2. The 95% family-wise confidence level for multiple comparisons test based on insect order analyses. Left: Lepidoptera; right: Diptera.
Figure 1 in Molecular classification and comparative phylogeographic study of insectivorous bat species (Pipisitrellus coromandra) from Punjab, Pakistan
Figure 1. Mutation analysis of representative sequence of specimen collected from (Kahna/District Lahore KA-III) with first top BLAST search result of species Pipistrellus coromandra from India (Accession No: MG821188).
Figure 3 in Molecular classification and comparative phylogeographic study of insectivorous bat species (Pipisitrellus coromandra) from Punjab, Pakistan
Figure 3. Neighbour-joining tree of genetic similarity based on COI gene. Data consisted of sequences from this study (n=20) and sequence data of closely related and similar species from other countries (n=59). Numbers at nodes are bootstrap support percentages of 70 or greater. The evolutionary distances were computed using the Kimura 2-parameter method (Kimura, 1980) in MEGA7.
Figure 2 in Molecular classification and comparative phylogeographic study of insectivorous bat species (Pipisitrellus coromandra) from Punjab, Pakistan
Figure 2. Mutation analysis of representative sequence of specimen collected from (Kahna/District Lahore KA-III) with top second BLAST search result of species Pipistrellus tenuis from Vietnam (Accession No: HM541298).
Edge effects and vertical stratification of aerial insectivorous bats across the interface of primary-secondary Amazonian rainforest
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data and code for: Time of night and moonlight structure vertical space use by insectivorous bats in a Neotropical rainforest: an acoustic monitoring study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Previous research has shown diverse vertical space use by various taxa, highlighting the importance of forest canopy. Yet, we often fail to explore how this three-dimensional space use changes over time. Here we use canopy tower systems in French Guiana to monitor neotropical bat activity above and below the forest canopy throughout nine nights in the wet season. We show that different bats use both canopy and understory space differently, and that this can change throughout the night. We find that bats are overall more active in the canopy, but multiple species/acoustic complexes are more active in the understory. We also find that species that do not seem to prefer understory or canopy, when data are aggregated by night, do show temporally changing preferences in hourly activity. This work highlights the need to consider temporal axes in studies of space use, both throughout daily cycles and across seasons.</p>
Functional diversity and trait filtering of insectivorous bats on forest islands created by an Amazonian mega dam
<p>1. Mega dams in lowland tropical forests often create large archipelagos, leading to biodiversity decay and disruption of ecosystem functioning in remnant habitat islands.</p> <p>2. We investigated the functional diversity and functional trait filtering of aerial insectivorous bats in both insular forest patches created by a vast ~30-yr-old hydropower reservoir and the adjacent mainland continuous forest in Central Amazonia.</p> <p>3. Bats were surveyed using passive bat recorders across 34 forest sites. Based on a set of morphological traits derived for each species recorded, we estimated both the bat functional richness, functional evenness and functional dispersion at each surveyed site. We further assessed the effects of local vegetation, patch and landscape features on patterns of functional diversity. The interaction between functional traits, environmental characteristics, and species distribution was investigated using a combination of RLQ and fourth-corner analyses.</p> <p>4. We found that mainland sites retained higher functional richness and lower functional evenness compared to forest islands, indicating a more complete functional assemblage in the mainland. Additionally, species composition was affected by local vegetation structure and forest area, with small isolated islands exhibiting pervasive loss of functional traits. RLQ and fourth-corner analyses showed that larger understorey foraging species with greater dispersal capacity, constant frequency-frequency modulated calls, and higher frequency of maximum energy were associated with more isolated small islands. Conversely, forest subcanopy species, exhibiting quasi-constant frequency calls and presenting low dispersal capacity were associated with continuous forests and islands with greater forest area, and were therefore more sensitive to habitat insularization.</p> <p>5. Our study calls attention to the pervasive impacts induced by large dams on the functional diversity of tropical insectivorous bats. We recommend that future assessments of the effects of habitat fragmentation on mammals should include traits linked to ecosystem services. In designing and licensing new dams, we suggest the creation of extensive protected areas surrounding mainland forests to minimize the detrimental impacts of small isolated islands and safeguard the full complement of key ecological functions provided by insectivorous bats.</p>
Figure 5 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 5. The tongue of Vespertilionoidea, family Natalidae, Natalus macrourus: (a) Apex covered by flaky-shaped filiform papillae; (b) Salience (arrow) on mid-dorsal region of the tongue; and (c) Posterior region of the tongue with three circumvallate papillae, one anterior (VA) and two posteriorly placed (VM) and pointed basal filiform papillae (B).
Figure 4 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 4. Tongues of Noctilionoidea, families Mormoopidae, Thyropteridae, and Furipteridae; (a) Oval and grooved fungiform (F) surrounded by crown filiform papillae (C) in Pteronotus rubiginosus; (b) Globular fungiform (F) surrounded by short and pointed strictly filiform papillae (FL) in Thyroptera wynneae; (c) Posterior region with large medial circumvallate with prominent sulcus (S) and surrounding integument (I), and triangular filiform papillae (T) in Furipterus horrens; and (d) Striclty filiform papillae at the apex in F. horrens.
Figure 3 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 3. Tongues of Emballonuridae (Emballonuroidea): (a) Circumvallate papillae (V) with the groove and surrounding incipient tegument and fungiform papillae (F) to the left of the circumvallate papillae in Peropteryx kappleri; (b) Lateral fungiform papillae (F) and low basal filiform papillae (B) in P. kappleri; (c) Strictly filiform papillae concentrically arranged at the middle region of the tongue in Rhynchonycteris naso; and (d) Bifid filiform tubular-shaped papillae at the apex in P. kappleri.
Figure 2 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 2. Types of lingual papillae observed in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats: (a) Circumvallate with remarkable sulcus and integument, surrounded by pointed basal filiform (arrows); (b) Fungiform with notable sulcus (arrow); (c) Bifid filiform; (d) Strictly filiform; (e) Flacky-like filiform, note the layered structure with dentate keratinous plates; (f) Giant filiform (center), note the bigger size than the surrounding papillae; (g) Digitiform filiform; (h) Crown-shaped filiform, note the bulbous base and delicate filamentous projections at the apical edge; (i) Scale-like filiform, note the rectangular-shaped and dorsally concave structure; and (j) Triangular filiform.
Figure 7 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 7. Constrained bat phylogeny and the fittest distribution of characters and their respective state (in parentheses).The coding of characters among the taxa is inTable 2.
Figure 1 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 1. Dorsal surface of the tongue showing the general division in three regions to facilitate the description and distribution of the papillae.
Figure 6 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 6. The tongue of Vespertilionoidea, family Vespertilionidae: (a) Posterior region of the tongue with a pair of circumvallate papillae (V) and the conical basal papillae (B) in Histiotus velatus. Note the naked central portion between circumvallate papillae and the glottis (G); (b) Middle portion of the tongue with remarkable salience covered by scale-like filiform papillae with large fungiform papillae in Eptesicus furinalis; (c) Circumvallate papilla, note the lobed surface of the papilla in Eptesicus brasiliensis; (d) Scale-like filiform papillae on the mid-dorsal salience in H. velatus.
Figure 1 in Bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera) from Yuscarán in Eastern Honduras: Conservation and acoustic characterization for the insectivorous species
Figure 1. Geographic location of the study sites in the Yuscarán Biological Reserve and Municipality of Yuscarán, Department of El Paraíso, Honduras, Central America. Geographic coordinates and other details are in Table 1.
Figure 4 in Bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera) from Yuscarán in Eastern Honduras: Conservation and acoustic characterization for the insectivorous species
Figure 4. Echolocation pulses of aerial insectivorous bats. Spectrograms (bottom) and oscillograms (top) correspond to search calls. X axis milliseconds (ms) and Y axis Kilohertz (kHz). Emballonuridae: (BPl) B. plicata, (PMA) P. macrotis; Molossidae: (MAL) M. alvarezi, (MNI) M. nigricans, (MMO) M. molossus. Mormoopidae: (PFU) P. fulvus, (PGY) P. gymnonotus, (PME) P. mesoamericanus, (PPS) P. psilotis. Vespertilionidae: (NIG) M. nigricans, (BRA) E. brasiliensis, (FUR) E. furinalis, (FUS) E. fuscus.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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