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16 results for “Last Glacial Period”
Consequences of the Last Glacial Period on the Genetic Diversity of Southeast Asians
<p>********* Observed data *********<br> The file ObsData.arp contains the sequences of the mtDNA hypervariable I region from 720 individuals belonging to 25 Southeast Asian populations used as input file to compute the summary statistics with Arlequin. For further details on the format and available Summary statistics see the manual of Arlequin. </p> <p>********* Input files for simulations *********<br> For each evolutionary scenario (NONE, LGP, LDD and LGP&LDD) find a folder (named after the scenario) containing the input files to perform 100 simulations. To run the simulations one should access the command line and execute: <br> ./ABCsampler abc_sensitivity.input<br> Input files for SPLATCHE3, Arlequin and ABCtoolbox are included (for further details on them see the manual of these software).</p> <p>********* Selection of the best-fitting evolutionary scenario *********<br> The R script (ModelSelection.R) can be used to select the evolutionary scenario that better fits the observed data, using the multinomial logistic regression method and the neural networks based method.<br> Firstly, one will need the summary statistics obtained from observed data (the file entitled ObsSS.txt). Then, one will need the files containing the output files of the simulations under each scenario, i.e., the genetic parameters used under each simulation and the computed summary statistics. Please, note that the output of the ABCtoolbox is a single file containing all this information, but we prefer to use a file with the summary statistics and another with the parameters. Here, we provide example files obtained from 100 simulations of each scenario:<br> - ssNONE.txt, the summary statistics computed from 100 simulations under the scenario NONE<br> - parNONE.txt, the genetic and demographic parameters per simulation under the scenario NONE<br> - ssLGP.txt, the summary statistics computed from 100 simulations under the scenario LGP<br> - parLGP.txt, the genetic and demographic parameters per simulation under the scenario LGP<br> - ssLDD.txt, the summary statistics computed from 100 simulations under the scenario LDD<br> - parLDD.txt, the genetic and demographic parameters per simulation under the scenario LDD<br> - ssLGP_LDD.txt, the summary statistics computed from 100 simulations under the scenario LGP&LDD<br> - parLGP_LDD.txt, the genetic and demographic parameters per simulation under the scenario LGP&LDD<br> To run the script the directory containing these files has to be specified in the script.</p> <p>For details see Csilléry, et al. (2012): "Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) in R: a Vignette."</p> <p>********* Parameters estimation *********<br> The folder named ParametersEstimation contains all the input files to estimate the genetic and demographic parameters under the selected evolutionary scenario (LGP&LDD). Within the folder, one will find the summary statistics obtained under the selected scenario and the corresponding parameters (completeEstimator_LGP-LDD.txt), the summary statists from observed data (obs11SS.txt) and all the remaining input files to run ABCestimator (for further detail on these files see the manual of ABCtoolbox).</p>
Chironomid assemblages and inferred summer temperature from the Last Glacial Period (ca. 98–46 ka), from Füramoos, Southern Germany
<p>The data herein presents a new chironomid record and associated chironomid-based temperature reconstruction covering the time interval ca. 98–46 ka from the palaeolake Füramoos, Southern Germany. These data also include non-chironomid invertebrate remains, including Ceratopogonidae, Daphnia and Ephemeroptera as well as Characean oospores.</p>
Northern Hemisphere ice sheets and ocean interactions during the last glacial period in a coupled ice sheet-climate model
<p>This archive provides the GRISLI ice sheet model and iLOVECLIM model outputs as part of the manuscript "Northern Hemisphere ice sheets and ocean interactions during the last glacial period in a coupled ice sheet-climate model".<br><br></p> <p>Contact: louise.abot@locean.ipsl.fr</p>
Figure source data for Riddell-Young et al., 2024 "Abrupt changes in biomass burning during the last glacial period"
<p>These are the source data files for all of the data presented in main text figures 1 through 4 in Riddell-Young et al., 2024: "Abrupt changes in biomass burning during the last glacial period". Each file contains several sheets that correspond to the data presented in each subplot of the figure. Please refer to the manuscript for a detailed description of the data that was collected and analysis that was performed as part of the study. The Data and Code Availability statements discuss where the official dataset and code publications can be found.</p>
Dataset for "Climate and ice sheet evolutions from the last glacial maximum to the pre-industrial period with an ice sheet -- climate coupled model"
<p>This archive contains the source data of the figures presented in the manuscript "Climate and ice sheet evolutions from the last glacial maximum to the pre-industrial period with an ice sheet -- climate coupled model".</p> <p>Contact: aurelien.quiquet@lsce.ipsl.fr</p>
Chironomid assemblages and inferred summer temperature from the Last Glacial Period (ca. 98–46 ka), from Füramoos, Southern Germany
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Deep Ocean storage of heat and CO2 in the Fram Strait, the Arctic Ocean during the last glacial period
<p>Mg/Ca and B/Ca, δ18O, δ13C, Bottom Water Temperature (BWT), Seawater δ18O based on the benthic foraminiferal species <em>Oridorsalis umbonatus</em> from sediment core core HH12-946MC, the Fram Strait.</p>
Role of sea level and seaway in modulating the Hadley circulation change during the Last Glacial period
<p>These data are calculated by our model output.</p>
Aligned and curated mtDNA sequences from: Ancient DNA reveals interstadials as a driver of common vole population dynamics during the last glacial period
<p><strong><span>Aim: </span></strong><span>Many species experienced population turnover and local extinction during the Late Pleistocene. In the case of megafauna, it remains challenging to disentangle climate change and the activities of Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers as the main cause. In contrast, the impact of humans on rodent populations </span><span>is likely to be negligible. This study investigated which climatic and/or environmental factors affect the population dynamics of the common vole. </span><span>This temperate rodent is widespread across Europe and was one of the most abundant small mammal species throughout the Late Pleistocene.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Location:</strong> </span><span>Europe</span></p> <p><strong><span>Taxon: </span></strong><span>Common vole (<em>Microtus arvalis</em>)</span></p> <p><strong><span>Methods: </span></strong><span>We generated a dataset comprised of a 4.2-kb-long fragment of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from 148 ancient and 51 modern specimens sampled from multiple localities across Europe and covering the last 60 thousand years (ka). We used Bayesian inference to reconstruct their phylogenetic relationships and to estimate the age of the specimens that were not directly dated.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Results:</strong> </span><span>We estimated the time to the most recent common ancestor of all last glacial and extant common vole lineages to be 90 ka ago and the divergence of the main mtDNA lineages present in extant populations to between 55 and 40 ka ago, which is earlier than previous estimates. </span><span>We detected several lineage turnovers in Europe during the period of high climate variability at the end of Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3; 57–29 ka ago) in addition to those found previously around the Pleistocene/Holocene transition.</span><span> </span><span>In contrast, data from the Western Carpathians suggest continuity throughout the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), even at high latitudes.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Main conclusions: </span></strong><span>The main factor affecting the common vole populations during the last glacial period was the decrease in open habitat during the interstadials, whereas </span><span>climate </span><span>deterioration </span><span>during</span><span> the LGM had little impact on population dynamics. This suggests that the rapid environmental change rather than other factors was the major force shaping the histories of the Late Pleistocene faunas.</span></p>
FIG UR E 3 (a) Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed in BEAST based on COI, 16S and ATPα. Node labels denote divergence times in millions of years ago (Ma); node bars indicate the 95% credibility interval around these dates. Small squares at nodes indicate significant support of divergence events found with BEAST and other phylogenetic analyses (see Figures S2.1 and S2.2), as explained through the key. Where MOTUs (A–R) show conspecifics among a number of morphospecies, species names are given in order of their year of description. Morphospecies, incorporated from GenBank, where determination was potentially dubious are highlighted by an asterisk. Clades (C) and subclades (SC) are demarcated by dashed lines between MOTUs. (b) LTT plots indicating the build‐up of lineages in Theodoxus over geological time. Dashed lines surrounding the solid LTT lines indicate the 95% confidence intervals. Where intra‐ and interspecific diversity diverge, interspecific diversity is highlighted in blue and intraspecific diversity in red. Transitions in geological ages are highlighted by narrow grey lines, while the grey bar marks the period of pronounced glacial cycles (last 900 kyr) [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] in Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions
FIG UR E 3 (a) Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed in BEAST based on COI, 16S and ATPα. Node labels denote divergence times in millions of years ago (Ma); node bars indicate the 95% credibility interval around these dates. Small squares at nodes indicate significant support of divergence events found with BEAST and other phylogenetic analyses (see Figures S2.1 and S2.2), as explained through the key. Where MOTUs (A–R) show conspecifics among a number of morphospecies, species names are given in order of their year of description. Morphospecies, incorporated from GenBank, where determination was potentially dubious are highlighted by an asterisk. Clades (C) and subclades (SC) are demarcated by dashed lines between MOTUs. (b) LTT plots indicating the build‐up of lineages in Theodoxus over geological time. Dashed lines surrounding the solid LTT lines indicate the 95% confidence intervals. Where intra‐ and interspecific diversity diverge, interspecific diversity is highlighted in blue and intraspecific diversity in red. Transitions in geological ages are highlighted by narrow grey lines, while the grey bar marks the period of pronounced glacial cycles (last 900 kyr) [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]
Southward migration of Arctic Ocean species during the last glacial period
<p>The East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) is associated with northerly surface winds affecting crop and livestock productivity and social and economic activities across East Asia. However, the relationship between EAWM dynamics and marine biota remains poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed fossil ostracods from sediment cores collected in the northwestern Pacific Ocean to detect the appearance/disappearance of circumpolar species during the late Quaternary. We compared our ostracod records, including dating results, with ice-rafted debris records from the Sea of Japan, and identified two southward migration events of Arctic ostracods at 120–100 ka (Marine Isotope Stage [MIS] 5d stadial) and 30–15 ka (MIS 3 and 2, peak Last Glacial), which corresponded to a strengthened EAWM system. Our results indicate that an intensified EAWM influenced the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water formation, lowered the winter water temperatures, and allowed Arctic ostracods to migrate southward into the Yellow Sea.</p>
Aligned and curated mtDNA sequences from: Ancient DNA reveals interstadials as a driver of common vole population dynamics during the last glacial period
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Southward migration of Arctic Ocean species during the last glacial period
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Data from: The population demography of Betula maximowicziana, a cool temperate tree species in Japan, in relation to the last glacial period: Its admixture-like genetic structure is the result of simple population splitting not admixing
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Refugia during the last glacial period and the origin of the disjunct distribution of the insular plant Microtropis japonica (Celastraceae)
<p><span><b>Aim: </b>While many phylogeographical studies have focused on continental refugia, the function of islands as refugia has been long overlooked. In this study, we examined the biogeographic history of <i>Microtropis japonica </i>and its insular distribution to elucidate the hidden status of islands on the range expansion of plants.</span></p> <p><span><b>Location: </b>Two disjunct island areas of Japan (the Izu and Ryukyu Islands) and their adjacent areas (the Japanese mainlands Honshu and Kyushu, and Taiwan).</span></p> <p><span><b>Taxon: </b><i>Microtropis japonica </i>(Celastraceae).</span></p> <p><span><b>Methods: </b>Phylogeographic and population genetic analyses were performed using chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and nuclear single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data. In addition, ecological niche modeling of current suitable habitats and those during the last glacial maximum were conducted using occurrence and climate data.</span></p> <p><span><b>Results: </b>Both cpDNA and nuclear SNP data showed genetic differentiation between two disjunct regions (mainly the Izu and Ryukyu Islands). However, at the intra-regional level, the genetic structures revealed by different markers showed different geographic patterns. While cpDNA data indicated genetic differentiation within the Ryukyu Islands but not within the Izu Islands, nuclear SNP data indicated genetic differentiation within both island groups. Ecological niche modeling showed that both the Izu and Ryukyu Islands have continuously been potential distribution areas regardless of historical climate oscillations.</span></p> <p><span><b>Main conclusions: </b>Genetic data suggest that the current disjunct distribution pattern of <i>M. japonica</i> strongly reflects the refugia locations during the last glacial period and the subsequent range expansion. Ecological niche modeling revealed the importance of islands as refugia in the disjunct distribution of <i>M. japonica</i>.</span></p>
Refugia during the last glacial period and the origin of the disjunct distribution of the insular plant Microtropis japonica (Celastraceae)
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