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56 results for “Lava tube”
FIGURE 4. A caver rappels into Fossil Cave, Lava Beds National Monument. The lava tube has a in The Cave Fauna of California
FIGURE 4. A caver rappels into Fossil Cave, Lava Beds National Monument. The lava tube has a moist microclimate that sustains ferns in the entrance. Jean Krejca and Steve Taylor.
Complex Lava Tube Networks Developed Within the 1792-93 Lava Flow Field on Mount Etna (Italy): Insights for hazard assessment Supporting Informations: Maps and sections of the lava tubes
<div> <div> <div> <p>This supporting information for the above paper submitted to Frontiers in Earth Science - Volcanology, comprises Table 1, as well as the maps and sections of the 8 lava tubes analyzed in this paper, that are located within the 1792-93 lava flow field at Etna volcano. The methods used for the new surveys of the lava tubes are also explained.</p> </div> </div> </div>
Supplementary data and modeling code file for: Soft deployable airless wheel for lunar lava tube in-tact exploration
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Deformation of Lava Tube
<p>Lava Tube Deformation</p>
FIGURE 11 in Cave-dwelling crabs of the genus Karstarma from lava tubes of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise', in Réunion Island, with description of a new species and redescription of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934) from Christmas Island (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae)
FIGURE 11. Live colour of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934), Christmas Island. A, B) in cave, photographs Max Orchard; C, D) outside cave, Photographs Hitoshi Takakura.
FIGURE 10 in Cave-dwelling crabs of the genus Karstarma from lava tubes of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise', in Réunion Island, with description of a new species and redescription of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934) from Christmas Island (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae)
FIGURE 10. External genital organs in Karstarma vulcan sp. nov., A–C) holotype male 16.2 × 18.9 mm, MNHN-IU-2013- 7243, G) paratype female 13.7 × 16.9 mm, MNHN-IU-2013-7240, and K. jacksoni, D–F) male 15.4 × 18.7 mm, WAM C13968, H) female 14.3 × 18.1 mm, WAM C13968. G1 sternal (A, D) and abdominal face (B, E; setae removed); G2 sternal face (C, F); female right vulva (G, H; St 5, 6 indicate sternites 5, 6) (scale bars A, C, D, F, 2 mm; B, E, G, H, 1 mm).
FIGURE 8 in Cave-dwelling crabs of the genus Karstarma from lava tubes of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise', in Réunion Island, with description of a new species and redescription of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934) from Christmas Island (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae)
FIGURE 8. Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934), Christmas Island, male 15.4 × 18.7 mm, Christmas Island, WAM C13968 (A, B, E, G–M), female 14.3 × 18.05 mm, WAM C13968 (C, D, F). Right chela, outer (A, C) and inner views (B, D), arrow indicate 'stridulating' ridge; merus of right cheliped, inner view (E, F); right ambulatory legs 1–4 (P2–P5), outer view (G–J); distal part of propodi and dactyli of right ambulatory legs 1–3, ventral view (K–M) (scale bars, 2 mm).
FIGURE 7 in Cave-dwelling crabs of the genus Karstarma from lava tubes of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise', in Réunion Island, with description of a new species and redescription of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934) from Christmas Island (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae)
FIGURE 7. Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934), 1 male 15.4 × 18.7 mm, Christmas Island, WAM C13968. A. dorsal habitus; B– D carapace and chelae, dorsal, ventral, frontal views, respectively; E. Front, orbits, buccal cavern and pterygostomian area (scales bars, 5 mm).
FIGURE 6 in Cave-dwelling crabs of the genus Karstarma from lava tubes of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise', in Réunion Island, with description of a new species and redescription of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934) from Christmas Island (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae)
FIGURE 6. Geographic distribution of the 17 or 18 species of Karstarma, from west to east: Karstarma vulcan and K. sp. (Réunion); K. jacksoni (Christmas Island); K. jacobsoni (Central Java); K. malang (East Java, from Wowor & Ng 2018); K. emdi and K. balicum (Nusa Penida Island, sympatric in same cave); K. microphthalmus (South Sulawesi); K. sulu (Palawan Island); K. philippinarum (Boracay Island); K. boholano (Bohol and Tarama Islands); K. cerberus (Ambon Island); K. ardea and K. waigeo (Waigeo Island; sympatric in same cave but in rocky parts for K. ardea and muddy substrates for K. waigeo); K. guamense (Guam Island); K. novabritannia (New Britain Island); K. ultrapes (Nggela Pile Island); K. loyalty (Lifou Island).
FIGURE 5 in Cave-dwelling crabs of the genus Karstarma from lava tubes of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise', in Réunion Island, with description of a new species and redescription of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934) from Christmas Island (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae)
FIGURE 5. Live colour of Karstarma sp. A, B) female juv. 8.6 × 9.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-7242), probably from lava tube 'Brûlé des Citrons Galets', photographs A. Barrère, 19 February 2016; C, D) specimen not collected, from lava tube 'Coulée de 2004', lower entrance near the shore, photographs Matthieu Balanger, 13 August 2017.
FIGURE 4 in Cave-dwelling crabs of the genus Karstarma from lava tubes of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise', in Réunion Island, with description of a new species and redescription of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934) from Christmas Island (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae)
FIGURE 4. Habitat of Karstarma vulcan in Réunion Island. Upper raw, left: Réunion Island with indication of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise' and its 'enclos' (grey area) with places where crabs Karstarma were observed: A, 'Brûlé des Citrons Galets' (dotted rectangle enlarged on the right); B, 'Grotte au Trésor'; C 'Coulée de 2004'; D, 'Grotte des Hirondelles'. Upper raw, right: position of the lava tube 'Brûlé des Citrons Galets' in the south-western part of the Island, point A is the place where crabs were collected, altitudes indicated for 60, 100, 170 m (GPX trace of tunnel in black, from Goursaud, 2018; background map from IGN, 2018). Bottom row, left: entrance of lava tube 'Brûlé des Citrons Galets', near road 'N2' (in red on IGN map). Bottom row, right: place of collection of the crabs, at the end of the tunnel, showing sediment left after heavy rains. (Photographs J.-P. Le Guelte).
FIGURE 3 in Cave-dwelling crabs of the genus Karstarma from lava tubes of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise', in Réunion Island, with description of a new species and redescription of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934) from Christmas Island (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae)
FIGURE 3. Live colour of Karstarma vulcan sp. nov. A, B, lava tube 'Brûlé des Citrons Galets' photographs J.-P. Le Guelte, 16/03/2018, holotype, male 16.2 × 18.9 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-7243) (specimen captured in the lava tube but brought outside the cave for photograph); C, D) lava tube 'Brûlé des Citrons Galets' photographs N. Crestey, 16/11/2017, C) female, 13.05 × 16.5 mm (MHNH-IU-2013-7241) (left cornea injured); D) top: ventral view, female, paratype 13.7 × 16.9 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013-7240); bottom: dorsal view, female, paratype 13.05 × 16.5 mm (MHNH-IU-2013-7241). Live specimens, not collected, in the lava tube of 'Coulée de 2004': E) photograph J. Dez, 14/02/2018 from (Dez, 2018); and F) photograph F. Leveneur, 30/08/ 2014.
FIGURE 9 in Cave-dwelling crabs of the genus Karstarma from lava tubes of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise', in Réunion Island, with description of a new species and redescription of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934) from Christmas Island (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae)
FIGURE 9. Comparison of anterolateral margins of carapace in Karstarma vulcan and K. jacksoni for specimens of approximately same size and sex. Karstarma vulcan, A) holotype male 16.2 × 18.9 mm, MNHN-IU-2013-7243; B) paratype female 13.7 × 16.9 mm, MNHN-IU-2013-7240. Karstarma jacksoni, C) male 15.4 × 18.7 mm, WAM C13968; D) female 14.3 × 18.1 mm, WAM C13968.
FIGURE 2 in Cave-dwelling crabs of the genus Karstarma from lava tubes of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise', in Réunion Island, with description of a new species and redescription of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934) from Christmas Island (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae)
FIGURE 2. Karstarma vulcan sp. nov., holotype, male, 16.2 × 18.9 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-7243) (A, B, E, G, M); paratype, female, 13.7 × 16.9 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-7240) (C, D, F). Right chela, outer (A, C) and inner views (B, D); merus of right cheliped, inner view (E, F);right ambulatory legs 1–4 (P2–P5), outer views (G–J);distal part of propodi and dactyli of right ambulatory legs 1–3 (P2–P4), ventral views (K–M) (Scale bars: A, B, G–J, 5 mm; C–F, K–M, 2.5 mm).
FIGURE 1 in Cave-dwelling crabs of the genus Karstarma from lava tubes of the volcano 'Piton de la Fournaise', in Réunion Island, with description of a new species and redescription of Karstarma jacksoni (Balss, 1934) from Christmas Island (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae)
FIGURE 1. Karstarma vulcan sp. nov., holotype, male, 16.2 × 18.9 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-7243). A) dorsal habitus; B–D) carapace and chelae, dorsal, ventral, frontal views respectively; E) buccal cavern, third maxilliped and pterygostomian area (scale bars 10 mm).
FIGURE 3 in Journey to the Center of the Earth: Description of a new troglomorphic litter-bug species inhabiting lava tubes in the Canary Islands (Heteroptera: Dipsocoromorpha: Ceratocombidae)
FIGURE 3. Ceratocombus (Xylonannus) stysi sp. nov.: a, right hemelytron. b, line drawing of right hemelytron. c, pygophore. d, appendage. e, parameres. Scalebar equals 0.1mm. Arrows show position of laterotergites VIII and parameres.
FIGURE 2 in Journey to the Center of the Earth: Description of a new troglomorphic litter-bug species inhabiting lava tubes in the Canary Islands (Heteroptera: Dipsocoromorpha: Ceratocombidae)
FIGURE 2. Ceratocombus (Xylonannus) stysi sp. nov.: a, Male dorsal habitus. b, Male ventral habitus. c, line drawing of pronotum. d, antennae (scalebar 0.1mm). e, detail of eye. f, Female ventral habitus. g-h, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from male. j-l, Pro-, meso- and metatarsus from female. Scalebar equals 1mm.. Arrows show position of eyes.
FIGURES 48–52. Orthoseira johansenii R.L in Two new Orthoseira species (Bacillariophyceae) from lava tubes on Île Amsterdam and Big Island (Hawai΄i)
FIGURES 48–52. Orthoseira johansenii R.L.Lowe & Kociolek sp. nov. Scanning Electron Micrographs. Fig. 48. Internal view of an entire valve showing three carinoportulae. Fig. 49. Internal view of a valve linked to a second valve. Note the rather shallow mantle and hyaline area around the two carinportulae. Fig. 50. Detail of a broken valve edge showing the structure of the areolar canal closed by a velum. Fig. 51. Detail of a few areola in cross-section. Fig. 52. Detail of the carinoportulae. Note the absence of small slits between the carinoportulae. Scale bar represents 10 µm in Figs 48 & 49, 2 µm in Figs 50 & 52 and 1 µm in Fig. 51.
FIGURES 42–47. Orthoseira johansenii R.L in Two new Orthoseira species (Bacillariophyceae) from lava tubes on Île Amsterdam and Big Island (Hawai΄i)
FIGURES 42–47. Orthoseira johansenii R.L.Lowe & Kociolek sp. nov. Scanning Electron Micrographs. Fig. 42. External view of an entire valve showing two carinoportulae, the small hyaline central area and the rows of areolae and the (eroded) regularly placed linking spines. Fig. 43. External view of an entire valve showing two carinoportulae, a more irregular pattern of areolae, a larger hyaline central area and regularly placed linking spines. Fig. 44. Detail of the carinoportulae with a raised rim. Note also the raised areolae. Fig. 45. Detail of the valve face/mantle junction with big spines and silica outgrowths on the mantle. Fig. 46. Detail of two valves linked by bifurcating linking spines and one open girdle band with small perforations. Fig. 47. Detail of the perforated, open girdle bands. Scale bar represents 10 µm in Figs 42, 43, 46 & 47 and 1 µm in figs 44 & 45.
FIGURES 28–33 in Two new Orthoseira species (Bacillariophyceae) from lava tubes on Île Amsterdam and Big Island (Hawai΄i)
FIGURES 28–33. Orthoseira verleyenii Van de Vijver sp. nov. Scanning Electron Micrographs. Fig. 28. External view of an entire frustule linked in a short chain to two other valves. The number of (perforated) copula is well visible. Fig. 29. Girdle view of one valve showing a large number of girdle bands. Fig. 30. Entire frustules linked to other valves with large linking spines. Fig. 31. Detail of linking spines. Figs 32–33. Two valves linked by spines showing details of their mantle structure with small silica outgrowths. Scale bar represents 10 µm, except in Fig. 31 where scale bar = 1 µm.
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