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45 results for “Lepeophtheirus”
Data: Methods for tagging an ectoparasite, the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis
<p>Monitoring individuals within populations is a cornerstone in evolutionary ecology, yet<span> </span>individual tracking of invertebrates and particularly parasitic organisms remains rare. To address this gap, we describe here a method for attaching radio frequency identification<span> </span>(RFID) tags to individual adult females of a marine ectoparasite, the salmon louse<span> </span><em><span>Lepeophtheirus salmonis</span></em>. Comparing two alternative types of glue, we found that one of them<span> </span>(2-octyl cyanoacrylate, <em><span>2oc</span></em>) gave a significantly higher tag retention rate than the other (ethyl<span> </span>2-cyanoacrylate, <em><span>e2c</span></em>). This glue comparison test also resulted in a higher loss rate of adult ectoparasites from the population where tagging was done using <em><span>2oc</span></em>, but this included males<span> </span>not tagged and thus could also suggest a mere tank effect. Corroborating this, a more extensive analysis using data collected over two years showed no significant difference in<span> </span>mortality after repeated exposure to the <em><span>2oc </span></em>glue, nor did it show any significant effect of the<span> </span>tagging procedure on the reproduction of female salmon lice. The proportion of RFID-tagged<span> </span>individuals followed a negative exponential decline, with tag retention among the living<span> </span>female population generally high. The projected retention was found to be about 88% after<span> </span>30 days or 80% after 60 days, although one of the four batches of glue used, purchased from<span> </span>a different supplier, appeared to give significantly lower tag retention and with greater initial<span> </span>loss (74% and 60% respectively). Overall, we find that RFID tagging is a simple and effective technology that enables documenting individual life histories for invertebrates of a suitable size, including marine and parasitic species, and that it can be used over long periods of study.</p>
Fig. 23. Lepeophtheirus gusevi n in Sea lice (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Caligidae) new to Korea, including three new species
Fig. 23. Lepeophtheirus gusevi n. sp., female. A. leg 4. B. juction between second and third exopodal segment of leg 4. C. leg 5. Male. D. habitus, dorsal. E. genital somite and abdomen, dorsal. F. antenna. G. maxillule. H. maxilliped. Scales=A, C, E. 0.2 mm. B, F-H. 0.1 mm. D. 0.5 mm.
Fig. 21. Lepeophtheirus gusevi n in Sea lice (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Caligidae) new to Korea, including three new species
Fig. 21. Lepeophtheirus gusevi n. sp., female. A. habitus, dorsal. B. abdomen, dorsal. C. antennule. D. antenna. E. postantennal process. F. mandible. G. maxillule. H, I. maxilla. Scales=A. 1 mm. B, D, E, G, H. 0.2 mm. C, F, I. 0.1 mm.
Fig. 17. Lepeophtheirus parvulus Shiino, female. A. habitus, dorsal. B. abdomen, ventral. C. antennule. D in Sea lice (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Caligidae) new to Korea, including three new species
Fig. 17. Lepeophtheirus parvulus Shiino, female. A. habitus, dorsal. B. abdomen, ventral. C. antennule. D. antenna, postantennal process, and maxillule. E. maxilla. F. maxilliped. G. sternal furca. H. leg 1. Scales=A. 0.5 mm. B-H. 0.1 mm.
Fig. 20. Lepeophtheirus tamladus n in Sea lice (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Caligidae) new to Korea, including three new species
Fig. 20. Lepeophtheirus tamladus n. sp., female. A. leg 2. B. leg 3. C. leg 4. Male: D. urosome, dorsal. E. antenna. F. postantennal process. G. maxillule. H. maxilliped. I. legs 5 and 6. Scales=A, C, D, H. 0.1 mm. B, E-G, I. 0.05 mm.
Figure 1 in Marine protozoan epibionts on the copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis, parasite of the Atlantic salmon
Figure 1. Ephelota gemmipara. (a) Schematic diagram of the body. ct, capitate tentacles; pt, prehensile tentacles; cv, contractile vacuole; ls, longitudinal striations; Ma, macronucleus; Mi, micronucleus; s, stalk; ts, tranversal striations. (b) Schematic diagram of a bud of Ephelota gemmipara. rcf, right ciliar field; lcf, left ciliar field; Ma, macronucleus.
Figures 2–7 in Marine protozoan epibionts on the copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis, parasite of the Atlantic salmon
Figures 2–7. (2) A specimen of the copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis showing the suctoria attached to its surface (×11). (3) Two individuals of Ephelota gemmipara showing the lobulate macronucleus, the tentacles and the stalk (×112). (4) Ephelota gemmipara. SEM photomicrography showing buds (×224). (5) Ephelota gemmipara. SEM photomicrography showing the distal part of the stalk and the body (×224). (6) Ephelota gigantea. General view of the body (×108). (7) Ephelota gigantea. Aspect of the anterior area of the body (×149).
Figure 8 in Marine protozoan epibionts on the copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis, parasite of the Atlantic salmon
Figure 8. Ephelota gigantea. (a) Schematic diagram of the body. pt, prehensile tentacles; ct, capitate tentacles; cv, contractile vacuole; Ma, macronucleus; Mi, micronucleus; ls, longitudinal striations; s, stalk. (b) Schematic diagram of the fibrillar bands of the suprastylar area of the stalk. afb, anterior fibrillar band; ifb, intermediate fibrillar band; pfb, posterior fibrillar band.
IIb-RAD-seq coupled with random forest classification indicates regional population structuring and sex-specific differentiation in salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis)
<p><span>The aquaculture industry has been dealing with salmon lice problems forming serious threats to salmonid farming. Several treatment approaches have been used to control the parasite. Treatment effectiveness must be optimized, and the systematic genetic differences between sub-populations must be studied to monitor louse species and enhance targeted control measures. We have used IIb-RAD sequencing in tandem with a random forest classification algorithm to detect the regional genetic structure of the Norwegian salmon lice and identify important markers for sex differentiation of this species. We identified 19428 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 95 individuals of salmon lice. These SNPs, however, were not able to distinguish differential structure of lice populations. Using the random forest algorithm, we selected 91 SNPs important for geographical classification and 14 SNPs important for sex classification. The geographically important SNP data substantially improved the genetic understanding of the population structure and classified regional demographic clusters along the Norwegian coast. </span><span>We also uncovered SNP markers that could help determine the sex of the salmon louse. </span><span>A large portion of the SNPs identified to be under directional selection were also ranked highly important by random forest. According to our findings, there is a regional population structure of salmon lice associated with the geographical location along the Norwegian coastline.</span></p>
Parasites perform poorly at high host densities: An experimental test in the salmon louse <em>Lepeophtheirus salmonis</em>
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
IIb-RAD-seq coupled with random forest classification indicates regional population structuring and sex-specific differentiation in salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
FIGURE 67. Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943, female. A in The sea lice (Copepoda: Caligidae) of Moreton Bay (Queensland, Australia), with descriptions of thirteen new species
FIGURE 67. Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, maxillule; C, distal margin spines on exopod of leg 1; D, first and second endopodal segment of leg 2; E, leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, 100 µm on B, D, 200 µm on E, 50 µm on C.
FIGURE 68. Lepeophtheirus lagocephali Pillai, 1963, female. A in The sea lice (Copepoda: Caligidae) of Moreton Bay (Queensland, Australia), with descriptions of thirteen new species
FIGURE 68. Lepeophtheirus lagocephali Pillai, 1963, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, antenna, post-antennal process and maxillule drawn in situ; C, sternal furca; D, setation elements on distal margin of leg 1; E, exopod of leg 2; F, rami of leg 3; G, leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, 200 µm on B, E, G, 100 µm on C, F, 50 µm on D.
The planktonic stages of the salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) are tolerant of end-of-century pCO2 concentrations
<p>Filename: <a href="https://datadryad.org/handle/10255/dryad.229362">WaterConditions</a><br> Routine measurements of water conditions including nutrient levels, alkalinity, water temperature and carbon chemistry as calculated from pH spectroscopy measurements and CO2SYS.</p> <p>Filename: <a href="https://datadryad.org/handle/10255/dryad.229363">Respiration data.xlsx </a><br> Oxygen Consumption rates of salmon lice according to age, stage, and pCO2 treatment.</p> <p>Filename: <a href="https://datadryad.org/handle/10255/dryad.229364">Lipid data.xlsx</a><br> Lipid volume of salmon lice measured with fluorescence microscopy.</p> <p>Filename: <a href="https://datadryad.org/handle/10255/dryad.229365">JC10 data.xlsx </a><br> Metabolic activity observed by measuring mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Membrane polarization in mitochondria is an indication of active cells. Polarized mitochondria were represented by red JC-10 aggregate (λ exc/λ em = 488/590 nm) while the green JC-10 monomer (λ exc/λ em = 488/525 nm) labeled the presence of mitochondrial membrane.</p> <p>Filename: <a href="https://datadryad.org/handle/10255/dryad.229368">Fatty Acid.xlsx</a><br> Fatty acid profiles of salmon lice according to stage and pCO2 treatment. Data is presented as mass (ng) of the identified fatty acid per individual animal. Columns are separated by the identified fatty acid, '?' indicate ambiguity in the location of the double bond.</p> <p>Filename: <a href="https://datadryad.org/handle/10255/dryad.229369">CHN data.xlsx</a><br> Carbon and nitrogen content of individual salmon lice eggs, nauplii, and copepodids.</p> <p> </p>
Figure 3 in Localization and transcription patterns of LsVasa, a molecular marker of germ cells in Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer)
Figure 3. Localization of Lepeophtheirus salmonis Vasa (LsVasa) transcripts. (A) Light microscopy of sexually mature adult female with eggstrings attached. Most of the eggstrings extending from the genital segment have been cropped from the image. The position of various tissues is indicated: ∗ (ovaries), × (oocytes in the genital segment). Subcuticular tissue is found under the cuticula of most of the lice. The area used for in situ hybridization is indicated (+). Scale bar represents 5 mm. (B–F) In situ hybridization using an LsVasa-specific antisense RNA probe showing positive staining as dark colour. Small inserts illustrate corresponding locations in negative controls (using a LsVasa-sense RNA probe). (B) The two ovaries (Ov) of mature adult females. LsVasa transcripts are localized throughout the ovary including both proximal and the more distal zones. Scale bar represents 200 µm. (C) LsVasa is present in immature oocytes in the oviduct (ovd, scale bar 50 µm) as well as in mature oocytes in the unfertilized eggstring (D, scale bar 200 µm). LsVasa is also present in the gonads of earlier developmental stages (E, ovaries of preadult females, scale bar 200 µm) and in adult male testes (F, scale bar 100 µm).
Figure 2 in Localization and transcription patterns of LsVasa, a molecular marker of germ cells in Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer)
Figure 2. Ontogenic analysis of Lepeophtheirus salmonis Vasa (LsVasa) transcript levels. LsVasa transcripts levels were determined by the use of quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction at different developmental stages. Levels were quantified relative to the level found in the nauplius stage. Error bars show 95% confidence intervals calculated from the ΔΔCT values from each dilution.
Figure 1 in Localization and transcription patterns of LsVasa, a molecular marker of germ cells in Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer)
Figure 1. Domain structure and copy number of Lepeophtheirus salmonis Vasa (LsVasa). (A) LsVasa with position of conserved protein domains. Position of DEAD box helicase core motifs (reviewed by Hilbert et al. 2009) are indicated with Roman numerals: (I) Motif I, (II) Motif Ia, (III) GG doublet, (IV) Motif Ib, (V) Motif II, (VI) Motif III, (VII) Motif IV, (VIII) QxxR, (IX) Motif V and (X) Motif VI. Triangles indicate the position of the three introns. (B) Southern blot using LsVasa as a probe. Genomic DNA was digested with XhoI (lane 1), PstI (lane 2), ClaI (lane 3), KpnI (lane 4), SacI (lane 5) and XbaI (lane 6) and electrophoresed together with a DNA marker (M).
Figure 5. Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943 in Redescription of Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943 (Copepoda: Caligidae) parasitic on two elasmobranch hosts off Okinawa-jima Island, Japan
Figure 5. Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943 infections on the Alfred manta Manta alfredi (Krefft, 1868) held in sea pens off the western coastline of Okinawa-jima Island, Japan. (A) Clusters of L. acutus (indicated by arrowheads) around the left eye of M. alfredi (no. 21) on 5 October 2009; and (B) clusters of L. acutus (indicated by arrowheads) on and around the underside of the pelvic fins of M. alfredi (no. 22) on 29 September 2009.
Figure 3. Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943 in Redescription of Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943 (Copepoda: Caligidae) parasitic on two elasmobranch hosts off Okinawa-jima Island, Japan
Figure 3. Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943, adult female (A–C) and adult male (D–G). (A) Left leg 3, ventral; (B) left leg 4, ventral; (C) left leg 5, ventral; (D) habitus, dorsal; (E) right antenna, ventral; (F) left maxillule (MX1) and postoral process (POP), ventral; (G) left maxilliped (arrowhead indicates ornamentation on myxal area), posterior. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; C, E–G = 50 µm; D = 400 µm.
Figure 1. Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943 in Redescription of Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943 (Copepoda: Caligidae) parasitic on two elasmobranch hosts off Okinawa-jima Island, Japan
Figure 1. Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943, adult female. (A) Habitus, dorsal; (B) junction of genital complex and abdomen (gp, gonopore; s, spermatophore; arrowhead, copulatory pore), ventral; (C) left caudal ramus, ventral; (D) right antennule, ventral; (E) right antenna, ventral; (F) right postantennal process, ventral; (G) right mandible, posterior; (H) right maxillule, ventral. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm; B, D, E, H = 100 µm; C, F, G = 50 µm.
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