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21 results for “Leucocytozoon”
Fig. 5 in Disentangling Leucocytozoon parasite diversity in the neotropics: Descriptions of two new species and shortcomings of molecular diagnostics for leucocytozoids
Fig. 5. (A) A Bayesian phylogenetic hypothesis of Leucocytozoon species constructed only with partial mitochondrial genomes (5485 bp excluding gaps) and (B) partial cytb gene sequences of leucocytozoids. Branch colors indicate the parasite morphology, with green branches representing parasites in fusiform host cells, and blue branches correspond to a species that develops in roundish host cells. Notice that, since parasite mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) corresponding to the partial cytb fragments of the MH909275 and MH909276 sequences could not be amplified, they were not included in the phylogenetic hypothesis constructed with mtDNA (Fig. 5A). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 2 in Disentangling Leucocytozoon parasite diversity in the neotropics: Descriptions of two new species and shortcomings of molecular diagnostics for leucocytozoids
Fig. 2. Leucocytozoon neotropicalis sp. nov. from the peripheral blood of its type vertebrate host Greenand-black Fruiteater (Pipreola riefferii) captured at Los Nevados NNP, Colombia. Macrogametocytes (A–E) and microgametocytes (F–I). Black arrows () indicate the deformed host cell nuclei. Parasite nuclei are indicated by white arrow () and nucleoli are shown by double white arrowtips (). Volutin granules are indicated by double black arrowtips () and vacuoles – by white arrowtips (). Uneven cytoplasmic processes may acquire a ribbon-like appearance (asterisk *). Giemsa-stained thin blood films. Scale bar = 10 μm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 1 in The prevalence of Leucocytozoon spp. in nestlings of three wild raptor species including implications on haematological and blood chemistry values
Fig. 1. Prevalence of Leucozytozoon spp. infection in nestlings of common buzzards (Buteo buteo), red kites (Milvus milvus) and northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis). Asterisks refer to P-values ≤0.05, determined by GLMM. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 3 in The prevalence of Leucocytozoon spp. in nestlings of three wild raptor species including implications on haematological and blood chemistry values
Fig. 3. Results of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) comparing 15 selected blood parameters between uninfected and infected raptor nestlings. a) Distribution of the LDA according to uninfected and infected nestlings. b) Correlation plot of the first axis of the 15 selected variables.
Fig. 2 in The prevalence of Leucocytozoon spp. in nestlings of three wild raptor species including implications on haematological and blood chemistry values
Fig. 2. Proportion of infected individuals of common buzzard (Buteo buteo), red kite (Milvus milvus) and northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) nestlings (n = 528) in relation to the proportion of the nestling period, determined by age and the species-specific average nestling duration. Calculated nestling periods were grouped into steps of ten percent (0.2–0.9). Each step represents the proportion of all individuals examined within this period. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 6 in Negligible evidence for detrimental effects of Leucocytozoon infections among Emperor Geese (Anser canagicus) breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Fig. 6. Comparison of mass measures for incubating adult female Emperor Geese infected with Leucocytozoon parasites genetically characterized in this study L. simondi clade A (blue), L. simondi clade B (red), or other/mixed Leucocytozoon (grey; see Materials and methods) using boxplots (Panel A) and plotted by incubation day (Panel B). The trendline in panel B is depicts predicted mass given the day of incubation and positive Leucocytozoon infection status from our top-ranking regression model (see Results). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 5. Phylogenetic tree depicting inferred genetic relationships among Leucocytozoon mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b in Negligible evidence for detrimental effects of Leucocytozoon infections among Emperor Geese (Anser canagicus) breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Fig. 5. Phylogenetic tree depicting inferred genetic relationships among Leucocytozoon mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b haplotypes identified from blood samples collected from Emperor Geese inhabiting the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska during 2006–2016 and those previously reported for closely related haemosporidian morphospecies on the National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank and Malavi databases (accession IDs in parentheses). Bars to the right of tree represent the assignment of sequences to L. simondi clade A (teal), L. simondi clade B (orange), or other Leucocytozoon. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 4. Phylogenetic tree depicting inferred genetic relationships among Haemoproteus mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b in Negligible evidence for detrimental effects of Leucocytozoon infections among Emperor Geese (Anser canagicus) breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Fig. 4. Phylogenetic tree depicting inferred genetic relationships among Haemoproteus mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b haplotypes identified from blood samples collected from Emperor Geese inhabiting the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska during 2006–2016 and those previously reported for closely related haemosporidian morphospecies on the National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank and Malavi databases (accession IDs in parentheses).
Fig. 1 in Negligible evidence for detrimental effects of Leucocytozoon infections among Emperor Geese (Anser canagicus) breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Fig. 1. Mass of adult female nesting Emperor Geese per day of incubation for birds infected (red) and uninfected (black/white) with Leucocytozoon parasites using samples collected on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska during 2006–2016. Trend lines indicate the predicted mass for an individual goose throughout the incubation period from day 11 based upon on the top supported model (Mass ~ Inc + Leu). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 2. Minimum spanning network for haemosporidian mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b haplotypes identified from blood samples collected from Emperor Geese inhabiting the YukonKuskokwim Delta, Alaska during 2006–2016 in Negligible evidence for detrimental effects of Leucocytozoon infections among Emperor Geese (Anser canagicus) breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Fig. 2. Minimum spanning network for haemosporidian mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b haplotypes identified from blood samples collected from Emperor Geese inhabiting the YukonKuskokwim Delta, Alaska during 2006–2016. Circles are drawn proportional to the frequency at which haplotypes were detected. Shading represented the assignment of representative sequences for haplotypes to L. simondi clade A (teal), L. simondi clade B (orange), or other Leucocytozoon (grey) in phylogenetic analyses (see Results and Fig. 5). Lines are drawn proportional to genetic distance and are labeled per the number of mutations represented (except single nucleotide polymorphisms which are unlabeled). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 3 in Exo-erythrocytic development of Leucocytozoon parasites (Haemosporida, Leucocytozoidae) in song thrushes Turdus philomelos
Fig. 3. Tissue and blood stages of Leucocytozoon parasites in naturally infected song thrushes Turdus philomelos (individual no. 4, cytochrome b lineage lSTUR1), found in hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) stained (a-g, i), chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) treated (h and inserts a-c, e, i) histological sections. Early (a), advanced (b, c) and mature (d) meronts in the kidneys. Megalomeront-like structure (e-h) located close to a heart blood vessel (white asterisk) within the fat tissue (black asterisk). Leucocytozoon gametocytes in the kidneys (i). Simple black arrowheads: meronts. Simple white arrowhead: cytomeres (visible as darker stained nuclei surrounded by lighter stained clefts). Black triangle arrowhead: megalomeront-like structure. Short black triangle arrow: capsule-like wall. Short white triangle arrow: host cell nucleus in the capsule-like wall. Short simple white arrows: nuclei of infected host cells. Simple thin black arrows: gametocytes. Scale bars 20 μm, unless indicated otherwise.
Fig. 2 in Exo-erythrocytic development of Leucocytozoon parasites (Haemosporida, Leucocytozoidae) in song thrushes Turdus philomelos
Fig. 2. Tissue stages of Leucocytozoon parasites in naturally infected song thrushes Turdus philomelos, found in hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) stained (a, b, e, f) and chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) treated (insert in b, and c, d) histological sections. Early meronts in the kidneys of individual no. 1 (cytochrome b lineage lTUPHI14) (a), and advanced meronts in the kidneys of individual no. 2 (lSTUR1) (b) and no. 5 (co-infection of lSTUR1 and lTUPHI13) (e, f). Meronts labelled by a Leucocytozoon-specific (Leuco18S) probe in the kidneys (insert b), and lungs of individual no. 2 (lSTUR1) (c) and individual no. 3 (lSTUR1) (d). Tissue stage developing in the Bowman capsule of a renal corpuscle (e). Leucocytozoon blood stage labelled by a Leucocytozoon-specific probe (c). Simple black arrowheads: meronts. Simple white arrowheads: cytomeres (visible as darker stained nuclei surrounded by lighter staining clefts). Short simple black arrow: nucleus of Leucocytozoon blood stage. Scale bars 20 μm.
Fig. 1 in Exo-erythrocytic development of Leucocytozoon parasites (Haemosporida, Leucocytozoidae) in song thrushes Turdus philomelos
Fig. 1. Mature gametocytes of Leucocytozoon dubreuili in roundish host cells from the blood of a song thrush Turdus philomelos (individual no. 1, cytochrome b lineage lTUPHI14). Macrogametocyte (a). Microgametocyte (b). Short simple white arrows: nuclei of infected host cells. Short simple black arrow: parasite nucleus. Long simple white arrows: vacuoles. Long simple black arrow: volutin granules (small purplish dots). Methanol-fixed and Giemsa-stained. Scale bar 10 μm.
Influence of the haemosporidian Leucocytozoon spp. over reproductive output in a wild Neotropical passerine, the Thorn-tailed Rayadito Aphrastura spinicauda
<p>Life-history theory predicts that hosts may adjust the costs of parasites by altering their reproductive effort. Haemosporidian parasites can affect the reproductive output of wild birds in multiple ways.<b> </b>Thorn-tailed Rayaditos <i>Aphrastura spinicauda</i> breeding in Navarino Island, Southern Chile (55°-40° S) experience high prevalence of the haemosporidian <i>Leucocytozoon </i>spp., which opens the possibility of exploring how these parasites may affect reproductive output in a Neotropical bird species. We compared several variables describing reproductive output (laying date, clutch size, incubation period, brood size, nestling body condition and early-life telomere length) of infected and non-infected parents (individually and as breeding pairs). We found that infected-females and breeding pairs with both parents infected showed significantly shorter incubation periods than un-infected Thorn-tailed Rayaditos. Furthermore, breeding pairs with both parents infected raised nestlings with higher body condition than nestlings for which infection was present in only one or in none of the parents. Our results suggest that the higher the parental investment, the higher the risk of relapse of chronic infection by <i>Leucocytozoon </i>spp<i>. </i>Thorn-tailed Rayaditos that decrease their incubation period pay the cost of infection to take advantage of early breeding through a greater more availability of resources, producing nestlings with higher body condition.</p>
Influence of the haemosporidian Leucocytozoon spp. over reproductive output in a wild Neotropical passerine, the Thorn-tailed Rayadito Aphrastura spinicauda
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FIGS 5–8 in New species of Leucocytozoon from the avian families Otidae, Podargidae and Threskiornithidae
FIGS 5–8. (5) Macrogametocyte of Leucocytozoon ibisi. (6) Microgametocyte of L. ibisi. (7) Macrogametocyte of L. otidis. (8) Macrogametocyte of L. otidis showing smaller host cell nucleus remnant. Karyosome in parasite nucleus can be seen clearly in gures 7, 8. Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIGS 1–4 in New species of Leucocytozoon from the avian families Otidae, Podargidae and Threskiornithidae
FIGS 1–4. (1) Macrogametocyte of Leucocytozoon podargii showing presence of host cell nucleus on periphery. (2) Macrogametocyte of L. podargii without host cell nucleus attachment. (3) Microgametocyte of L. podargii showing very hypertrophied host cell nucleus (arrow). (4) Megaloschizont of L. podargii in spleen of Podargus strigoides (H and E). Scale bar: 10 mm (gures 1–3), 50 mm (gure 4).
Data from: Biogeography of avian blood parasites (Leucocytozoon spp.) in two resident hosts across Europe: phylogeographic structuring or the abundance-occupancy relationship?
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Fig. 4 in Disentangling Leucocytozoon parasite diversity in the neotropics: Descriptions of two new species and shortcomings of molecular diagnostics for leucocytozoids
Fig. 4. Primer affinity analyses of the primers suggested by Hellgren et al. (2004). Parasites with gametocytes developing roundish host cells are: (a) L. fringillinarum, and (b) L. dubreuili; and parasites with fusiform host cell are (c) L. pterotenuis (in part), (d) L. neotropicalis sp. nov, and (e) L. grallariae sp. nov. An asterisk over the base pair highlights mismatches between the sequences and the primers. Note that primers HaemNR3 and HaemR2L are presented in 3′-5′ sense to fit the parasite sequences.
Fig. 1 in Disentangling Leucocytozoon parasite diversity in the neotropics: Descriptions of two new species and shortcomings of molecular diagnostics for leucocytozoids
Fig. 1. Leucocytozoon grallariae sp. nov. from Undulated Antpitta (Grallaria squamigera) captured at Palacio forest in the Chingaza National Natural Park (NNP), Colombia. Immature gametocytes (A–C), macrogametocytes (D–F) and microgametocytes (G–I) in fusiform host cells. Nucleus of host cells (black arrows) possessing mature gametocytes assumes a slender waning moon shape (D–I). Parasite nuclei are indicated by white arrows () and parasite nucleolus – by double white arrow tips (). Host cell cytoplasm is distorted by developing parasites forming a thin rim that develops into the cytoplasmic processes (asterisk *). In mature gametocytes, vacuoles are indicated by white arrow tips (). Volutin granules are indicated by double black arrow tips () and azurophilic granule by black arrow tips (). Giemsa-stained thin blood films. Scale bar = 10 μm.
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