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218 results for “Long term care”
Data for "Long-term disgust habituation with limited generalisation in care home workers"
<p>Anonymised data for the manuscript "Long-term disgust habituation with limited generalisation in care home workers". For use with scripts in the linked GitHub repository.</p>
Temporal and regional trends of antibiotic use in long-term aged care facilities across 39 countries, 1985-2019: systematic review and meta-analysis
<p><b>Background</b></p> <p>Antibiotic misuse is a key contributor to antimicrobial resistance and a concern in long-term aged care facilities (LTCFs). Our objectives were to: i) summarise key indicators of systemic antibiotic use and appropriateness of use, and ii) examine temporal and regional variations in antibiotic use, in LTCFs (PROSPERO registration CRD42018107125).</p> <p><b>Methods & Findings</b></p> <p>Medline and EMBASE were searched for studies published between 1990-2021 reporting antibiotic use rates in LTCFs. Random effects meta-analysis provided pooled estimates of antibiotic use rates (percentage of residents on an antibiotic on a single day [point prevalence] and over 12 months [period prevalence]; percentage of appropriate prescriptions). Meta-regression examined associations between antibiotic use, year of measurement and region. </p> <p>A total of 90 articles representing 78 studies from 39 countries with data between 1985-2019 were included. Pooled estimates of point prevalence and 12-month period prevalence were 5.2% (95% CI: 3.3-7.9; n=523,171) and 62.0% (95% CI: 54.0-69.3; n=946,127), respectively. Point prevalence varied significantly between regions (Q=224.1, df=7, p<0.001), and ranged from 2.4% (95% CI: 1.7-2.7) in Eastern Europe to 9.0% in the British Isles (95% CI: 7.6-10.5) and Northern Europe (95% CI: 7.7-10.5). Twelve-month period prevalence varied significantly between region (Q=15.1, df-3, p=0.002) and ranged from 53.9% (95% CI: 48.3-59.4) in the British Isles to 68.3% (95% CI: 63.6-72.7) in Australia. Meta-regression found no association between year of measurement and antibiotic use prevalence. The pooled estimate of the percentage of appropriate antibiotic prescriptions was 28.5% (95% CI: 10.3-58.0; n=17,245) as assessed by the McGeer criteria. Year of measurement was associated with decreasing appropriateness of antibiotic use over time (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.91). The most frequently used antibiotic classes were penicillins (n=44 studies), cephalosporins (n=36), sulphonamides/trimethoprim (n=31), and quinolones (n=28). </p> <p><b>Conclusions</b></p> <p>Coordinated efforts focusing on LTCFs are required to address antibiotic misuse in LTCFs. Our analysis provides overall baseline and regional estimates for future monitoring of antibiotic use in LTCFs. </p>
Wild kangaroos become more social when caring for young and may maintain long-term affiliations with popular individuals
<p>Kangaroos are an iconic group of Australian fauna. Despite considerable research on kangaroo behaviour, key gaps remain in our understanding of their social organization in the wild. In particular, it remains largely unknown whether kangaroos form long-term social bonds and what factors might prompt individuals to associate or dissociate from one another. Over 6 years, we monitored the social affiliations of individually identified eastern grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus, in a large wild population. We investigated the short-term and long-term relationships of kangaroos and the extent those relationships varied with age, sex and reproductive state. We found evidence that long-term relationships among eastern grey kangaroos are possible, especially between adult females. Those individuals that were more sociable within years were also more likely to establish affiliations across years. Contrary to previous studies, we observed females actively associating with other mothers in the years in which they had young. These data suggest that the fission-fusion dynamics of eastern grey kangaroo social behaviour allow females to modulate their social position with conspecifics according to their current reproductive state. We highlight the adaptive implications of the formation of long-term bonds and the changes in social behaviour observed in females.</p>
Molecular epidemiology and risk factors for extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in long-term care residents
<div class="abstract-content selected"> <p><strong class="sub-title"> Objectives: </strong> We aimed to assess the burden of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales in Swiss long-term care facilities (LTCFs) to describe the molecular epidemiology, describe the intra-institutional and regional clusters of resistant pathogens, and identify independent institution- and resident-level factors associated with colonization.</p> <p><strong class="sub-title"> Design: </strong> Cross-sectional study.</p> <p><strong class="sub-title"> Setting and participants: </strong> From August to October 2019, we performed a point prevalence study among residents from 16 LTCFs in Western and Eastern Switzerland (8 per region).</p> <p><strong class="sub-title"> Methods: </strong> Residents underwent screening for ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E); whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed. We gathered institution-level (eg, number of beds, staff-resident ratio, alcoholic hand rub consumption) and resident-level [eg, anthropometric data, time in facility, dependency, health care exposure, antibiotic treatment, proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) use] characteristics. Factors associated with colonization were identified using a generalized linear model.</p> <p><strong class="sub-title"> Results: </strong> Among 1185 eligible residents, 606 (51%) consented to the study. ESBL-E prevalence was 11.6% (70/606), ranging from 1.9% to 33.3% between institutions, with a median of 12.5% in the West and 6.9% in the East (P = .03). Among 59 <em>Escherichia</em> <em>coli</em> (from 58 residents), multilocus sequence type (ST) 131 was most common (n = 43/59, 73%), predominantly its subclone H30R1 (n = 37/43, 86%). WGS data identified multiple intra-institutional and regional clusters. Independent risk factors for ESBL carriage were previous ESBL colonization [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 23.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.6–83.8, P < .001), male gender (aOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.5–4.6, P = .002), and use of PPIs (aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.2–3.8, P = .01).</p> <p><strong class="sub-title"> Conclusions and implications: </strong> Overall ESBL-E prevalence in Swiss LTCF residents is low. Yet, we identified several clusters of residents with identical pathogens within the same institution. This implies that particularly affected institutions might benefit from targeted infection control interventions. PPI use was the only modifiable factor associated with carriage of ESBL producers. This study adds to the growing list of adverse outcomes associated with PPIs, calling for action to restrict their use in the long-term care setting.</p> </div>
Vitamin D Supplementation and Acute Respiratory Infection in Older Long-Term Care Residents
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01102374. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
CONFIDENT: Supporting Long-term Care Workers During COVID-19
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05168800. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Effects of Acupunch Exercises on the Frail Older Adults in Long-Term Care Facilities
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04481438. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Airway Limitation Study: Study In Primary Care Centers Of Chronic Bronchitis In Long-Term Cigarette Smokers Of At Least 40 Years Of Age With Symptoms Of Cough And Shortness Of Breath
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00442468. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Targeted Infection Control in Long-term Care
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01062841. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Randomized Trial of High Dose Influenza Vaccine in Long Term Care Setting
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01654224. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
CARE-HF Long Term Follow-up
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00318357. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Cranberry for UTI Prevention in Residents of Long Term Care Facilities
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00596635. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Reducing Loneliness of Older Adults in Long Term Care Facilities Through Collaborative Augmented Realities
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06179225. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Antihypertensive Deprescribing in Long-term Care
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05047731. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Long Term Comparative Effectiveness of Once Weekly Semaglutide Versus Standard of Care in a Real World Adult US Population With Type 2 Diabetes - a Randomized Pragmatic Trial
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03596450. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.
Using Plain Water With Oral Care to Increase Hydration for Long Term Care Residents With Disordered Swallowing
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03672552. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Prevention of Weight Loss in Long Term Care Veterans
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00841412. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
FLUAD vs. FLUZONE HD Influenza Vaccine in Residents of Long Term Care
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03694808. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 17.
ADA Linagliptin in Long Term Care
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02061969. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Stand if You Can: A Standing Intervention in Long Term Care
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03796039. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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