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26 results for “Lopingian”
Figure 4 in The youngest occurrence of embolomeres (Tetrapoda: Anthracosauria) from the Sunjiagou Formation (Lopingian, Permian) of North China
Figure 4. Detailed look on the ornamentation pattern of the notch and ventromedial edge of the descending flange of the pterygoid. Scale bar equals 50 mm. The zoomed-in photos on the bottom are not to scale.
Figure 5 in The youngest occurrence of embolomeres (Tetrapoda: Anthracosauria) from the Sunjiagou Formation (Lopingian, Permian) of North China
Figure 5. Phylogeny and biogeography of embolomeres. The cladogram is calibrated based on the ages of the fossils. Carboniferous localities include northern England (Anthracosaurus, Pholiderpeton, and Pteroplax), Scotland (Anthracosaurus, Palaeoherpeton, Pholiderpeton, and Proterogyrinus), Joggins (Calligenethlon), and Florence (Carbonoherpeton) of Nova Scotia, Ohio (Leptophractus and Neopteroplax), and West Virginia (Proterogyrinus), USA; early Permian localities include Texas and Oklahoma, USA (Archeria), and Inta, Russia (Aversor); late Permian locality includes Shanxi, China (Seroherpeton). The green color represents the estimated range of tropical forests. All ages and localities except for Seroherpeton come from the literature (Clack, 1987, 2012; Cope, 1873; Gubin, 1985; Holmes, 1984, 1989; Holmes and Carroll, 2010; Panchen, 1964, 1977). The paleographic maps were modified from Tabor and Poulsen (2008, fig. 3).
Figure 3 in The youngest occurrence of embolomeres (Tetrapoda: Anthracosauria) from the Sunjiagou Formation (Lopingian, Permian) of North China
Figure 3. Holotype of Seroherpeton yangquanensis: photo (a) and line drawing (b) in ventral view. Scale bar equals 50 mm. For abbreviations see Fig. 2.
Fig. 6. Putative protorosaurid archosauromorph trace Paradoxichnium isp. A, B in Lopingian tetrapod footprints from the Venetian Prealps, Italy: New discoveries in a largely incomplete panorama
Fig. 6. Putative protorosaurid archosauromorph trace Paradoxichnium isp. A, B. Paradoxichnium isp. from Ulbe (Italy), Lopingian. A. MCV 10, right complete manus, note the proximally-positioned digits I and V and the triangular claw impressions. B. MCV 9, complete left manus impression. Note the proximally-positioned digits I and V, the parallel digits II–IV and the triangular claw impressions. C. Paradoxichnium problematicum Müller, 1959, holotype FG 20/1 from Culmitzch (Thuringia, Germany), Lopingian; right (C1) and left (C2) pes-manus couples; note the manual morphology similar to MCV 9. Convex hyporelief, spacing 0.5 mm. Photo (A1, B1), interpretive drawing (A2, B2), false-color depth map (A3, B3), contour lines (A4, B4). Scale bars 10 mm.
Fig. 5 in Lopingian tetrapod footprints from the Venetian Prealps, Italy: New discoveries in a largely incomplete panorama
Fig. 5. Pareiasaurian parareptile trace Pachypes isp. (MCV 3) from Ulbe (Italy), Lopingian. Left manual imprint showing digits I–IV, convex hyporelief. Photo (A), interpretive drawing (B), false-color depth map (C), contour lines (D). Scale bar 10 mm.
Fig. 2 in Lopingian tetrapod footprints from the Venetian Prealps, Italy: New discoveries in a largely incomplete panorama
Fig. 2. Sedimentary structures of Val Gardena Sandstone. Facies association a, fine-grained sandstone showing cross lamination (A) and parallel ripples B). Facies association b, reddish mudstone with paleosols (C), pedogenic veins and nodules in the mudstone (D). Note the gray dolostone strata on the top. Facies association c, gray dolostone strata interbedded in the reddish mudstone (E), invertebrate burrows in the dolostone (F). G. Bellerophon Formation, gray dolostone.
Fig. 8. A in Lopingian tetrapod footprints from the Venetian Prealps, Italy: New discoveries in a largely incomplete panorama
Fig. 8. A. Undetermined track (MCV 14/30) of therapsid synapsid from Cortiana (Italy), Lopingian. Incomplete right manual impression showing digits III–V and deep expulsion rims. Concave epirelief, spacing 1 mm. Photo (A1), interpretive drawing (A2), contour lines (A3), false-color depth map (A4). B. MGP 9/22, interpretive drawing of a complete left manual impression from the Bletterbach Gorge, Dolomites (Italy), Lopingian, after Conti et al. 1977). Scale bar 10 mm.
Fig. 1 in Lopingian tetrapod footprints from the Venetian Prealps, Italy: New discoveries in a largely incomplete panorama
Fig. 1. Geographic location and stratigraphy of the fossil sites (asterisked). Map showing location of the study area in North Italy (A) and Recoaro area (B). Simplified geological map (C). D. Synthetic stratigraphic log of the Permian of Venetian Prealps (a–c, facies associations). Location of Merendaore and Ulbe (E) and Cortiana (F) fossil sites. G, H. Photographs of the Ulbe outcrops, small scale transition between lithofacies (G) and large scale transition between formations (H), with indicated transition between red bed (Rb) and lagoon (Lg) lithofacies of the topmost strata of the Val Gardena Formation, immediately before the deposition of the Bellerophon Formation. BEL, Bellerophon Formation; GAR, Val Gardena Sandstone; Lg, lagoon lithofacies (dolostone); Ps, incipient paleosol with deep mudcracks; Rb, red bed lithofacies (laminated mudstone). Hammer for scale.
Fig. 3 in Lopingian tetrapod footprints from the Venetian Prealps, Italy: New discoveries in a largely incomplete panorama
Fig. 3. Putative parareptile trace cf. Capitosauroides isp. from Ulbe (Italy), Lopingian. A. MCV 7, left pes impression showing digits I–IV. B. MCV 11/05, right manual impression showing digits I–IV. Convex hyporelief, spacing 0.5 mm. Photo (A1, B1), interpretive drawing (A2, B2), false-color depth map (A3, B3), contour lines (A4, B4). Scale bars 10 mm.
Fig. 7 in Lopingian tetrapod footprints from the Venetian Prealps, Italy: New discoveries in a largely incomplete panorama
Fig. 7. Lacertoid neodiapsid eureptile trace Rhynchosauroides isp. (MCV 65) from Merendaore (Italy), Lopingian. Complete right manual impression. An incomplete track and a continuous tail are preserved on the same slab. Convex hyporelief (plaster cast), spacing 0.5 mm. Photo (A), interpretive drawing (B), contour lines (C), false-color depth map (D). Scale bar 10 mm.
FIGURE 1 in The oldest record of gnathostome fossils from Greece: Chondrichthyes from the Lopingian of Hydra Island
FIGURE 1. Geographical and geological context of the Hydriot chondrichthyan fossils. 1, Map of Greece showing the location of Hydra Island; 2, Outcrop map of Hydra Island showing the location of the sampled section "EP" south of the village of Episkopi. Outcrop map after Grant et al. (1991); 3, Stratigraphic section of the Episkopi Formation showing the provenance ("EP-Z") of the examined gnathostome fossils.
FIGURE 2. Chondrichthyan material from Hydra. 1-5 in The oldest record of gnathostome fossils from Greece: Chondrichthyes from the Lopingian of Hydra Island
FIGURE 2. Chondrichthyan material from Hydra. 1-5, Hybodontiformes indet. tooth (AMPG 550) in occlusal (1), basal (2), presumed lingual (3), profile (4), and presumed labial (5) views. Scale bar equals 5 mm. 6, Euselachii indet. dermal denticle (AMPG 551) in anterolateral view. Scale bar equals 100 μm.
Figs 1, 2 in The first Gondwanan Epimastax from the Lopingian of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (Insecta: Palaeomanteida = Miomoptera: Permosialidae)
Figs 1, 2. Epimastax hesterae sp. n., holotype NMSA 2737: (1) left forewing, laterally inverted; (2) venation details. Venation symbols are standard.
Fig. 2 in New and poorly known grylloblattids (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Lopingian of the Lebombo Basin, South Africa
Fig. 2. New and poorly known grylloblattids: (A, B) Iphikozulu kwayayaensis Aristov & Mostovski, gen. et sp. n., holotype, forewing impression (A) and details of its venation (B); (C, D) Neoliomopterum picturatum Riek, 1976, holotype NMSA 910, forewing impression (C) and details of its venation (D). Scale bars 5 mm in Figs 2A, 2B, and 2 mm in Figs 2C, 2D.
Fig. 1 in New and poorly known grylloblattids (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Lopingian of the Lebombo Basin, South Africa
Fig. 1. Distribution of Permian and Triassic beds in South Africa and the position of two fossiliferous sites in the Lebombo Basin, KwaZulu-Natal.
Supplemental text for: Wuchiapingian (Lopingian, Late Permian) brachiopod fauna from Guangdong Province, southeastern China: systematics and contribution to the Lopingian recovery
<p><span>A most diversified Wuchiapingian brachiopod fauna, which contains 57 species in 28 genera, is described from the Shuizhutang Formation at Liannan section, Guangdong province, southeastern China. Four new species are proposed. Among these 57 species, many of them have been fully described in recent papers and thus are only illustrated in the manuscript and described herein.</span></p>
Supplemental text for: Wuchiapingian (Lopingian, Late Permian) brachiopod fauna from Guangdong Province, southeastern China: systematics and contribution to the Lopingian recovery
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A new Changhsingian (Lopingian) brachiopod fauna of the shallow-water clastic-shelf facies from Fujian Province, southeastern China
<p>Although much attention has been paid to Changhsingian brachiopods in South China, there are only two Chinese studies, published in 1979 and 1990, on Changhsingian brachiopods from the southeastern part of South China. Based on systematically collected fossil material, this paper describes and quantitatively analyses a Changhsingian brachiopod fauna from the Luokeng Formation at the Hongtian section, Fujian Province, southeastern China, for the first time. Among the brachiopods (30 species in 18 genera) described and illustrated,<i>Cathaysia yongdingensis </i>Liao and an endemic genus of South China (<i>Qinglongia</i>) are reported in English for the first time. Two new species,<i>Neochonetes</i>(<i>Sommeriella</i>)<i>longa</i>and <i>Neochonetes</i>(<i>Sommeriella</i>)<i>transversa,</i>are also proposed. The Hongtian fauna is mainly composed of <i>Cathaysia </i>(29.4%),<i>Neochonetes </i>(19.3%), <i>Linoproductus</i>(13.5%), <i>Orthothetina</i>(11.7%), and is correlated with the brachiopod fauna from the lower part of the Luokeng Formation in Fujian Province.</p>
Size variations in foraminifers from the Early Permian to the Late Triassic: implications for the Guadalupian-Lopingian and the Permian-Triassic mass extinctions
<p>The final 10 Myr of the Paleozoic saw two of the biggest biologic crises in Earth history: the Middle Permian extinction (often termed the Guadalupian-Lopingian extinction, GLE) that was followed 7–8 Myr later by Earth's most catastrophic loss of diversity, the Permian-Triassic mass extinction (PTME). These crises are not only manifest as sharp decreases in biodiversity and - particularly for the PTME - total ecosystem collapse, but they also drove major changes in biological morphological characteristics such as the Lilliput effect. The evolution of test size among different clades of foraminifera during these two extinction events has been less studied. We analyzed a global database of foraminiferal test size (volume) including 20226 specimens in 464 genera, 98 families, and 9 suborders from 632 publications. Our analyses reveal significant reductions in foraminiferal mean test size across the Guadalupian-Lopingian boundary (GLB) and the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB), from 8.89 to 7.60 log10 μm3 (lg μm3), and from 7.25 to 5.82 lg μm3, respectively. The decline in test size across the GLB is a function of preferential extinction of genera exhibiting gigantism such as fusulinoidean fusulinids. Other clades show little change in size across the GLB. In contrast, all Lopingian suborders in our analysis (Fusulinina, Lagenina, Miliolina, and Textulariina) experienced a significant decrease in test size across the PTB mainly due to size-biased extinction and within-lineage change. The PTME was clearly a major catastrophe that affected many groups simultaneously, and the GLE was more selective, perhaps hinting at a subtler, less extreme driver than the later PTME.</p>
Fig. 1. Permomerope australis Tillyard, 1926, specimen AMF 130800 in Permomerope natalensis sp. n. from the Lopingian of South Africa, and a redescription of the type species of Permomerope (Trichoptera: Protomeropidae)
Fig. 1. Permomerope australis Tillyard, 1926, specimen AMF 130800, details of the wing venation and enlarged view of the basal half of the specimen. Scale bar = 1 mm.
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