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6 results for “Madrean Archipelago”
FIGURE 4 in Amphibians and Reptiles of the Madrean Archipelago of Arizona and New Mexico
FIGURE 4. Regression analysis of the Simpson coefficient of similarity (S) on geographic distance (km) for pairwise comparisons of mountain ranges and herpetofaunas within the three phenetic groups (black diamonds and line: S = 0.768 - 0.00020 km) and between the groups (gray squares and line: S = 0.707 - 0.00057 km).
FIGURE 2 in Amphibians and Reptiles of the Madrean Archipelago of Arizona and New Mexico
FIGURE 2. Phenograms of the 20 mountain ranges based on UPGMA clustering of the Simpson coefficient of similarity (S) among the herpetofaunas, using A. all 83 species recorded from Madrean evergreen woodland, petran montane conifer forest, and interior chaparral (appendix 1); B. 57 species, with 26 species eliminated as occurring primarily in desert and grassland; C. 28 species that were considered to occur primarily in Madrean evergreen woodland and higher elevations.
FIGURE 1 in Amphibians and Reptiles of the Madrean Archipelago of Arizona and New Mexico
FIGURE 1. Map of the Madrean Archipelago in southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico with the 23 ranges for which herpetofaunal lists were constructed.
FIGURE 3 in Amphibians and Reptiles of the Madrean Archipelago of Arizona and New Mexico
FIGURE 3. Map of mountain ranges of the Madrean Archipelago with lines delineating the three phenetic groups recognized from UPGMA clustering using the Simpson coefficient of similarity (S) among the herpetofaunas.
Data from: Isolation by environment in white-breasted nuthatches (Sitta carolinensis) of the Madrean Archipelago sky islands: a landscape genomics approach
Understanding landscape processes driving patterns of population genetic differentiation and diversity has been a long-standing focus of ecology and evolutionary biology. Gene flow may be reduced by historical, ecological or geographic factors, resulting in patterns of isolation by distance (IBD) or isolation by environment (IBE). Although IBE has been found in many natural systems, most studies investigating patterns of IBD and IBE in nature have used anonymous neutral genetic markers, precluding inference of selection mechanisms or identification of genes potentially under selection. Using landscape genomics, the simultaneous study of genomic and ecological landscapes, we investigated the processes driving population genetic patterns of White-breasted Nuthatches (Sitta carolinensis) in sky islands (montane forest habitat islands) of the Madrean Archipelago. Using more than 4000 single nucleotide polymorphisms and multiple tests to investigate the relationship between genetic differentiation and geographic or ecological distance, we identified IBE, and a lack of IBD, among sky island populations of S. carolinensis. Using three tests to identify selection, we found 79 loci putatively under selection; of these, seven matched CDS regions in the Zebra Finch. The loci under selection were highly associated with climate extremes (maximum temperature of warmest month and minimum precipitation of driest month). These results provide evidence for IBE – disentangled from IBD – in sky island vertebrates and identify potential adaptive genetic variation.
Data from: Isolation by environment in white-breasted nuthatches (Sitta carolinensis) of the Madrean Archipelago sky islands: a landscape genomics approach
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