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14 results for “Maternal state”
Effectiveness of Maternal Immunization With Boostrix at Preventing Pertussis Among Infants <2 Months Old in the United States
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03973905. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Maternal progesterone and adipose mPRε in pregnancy regulate the embryonic nutritional state
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Breaking bonds: maternal and offspring state shape constraint-based brood adoption in a seaduck
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Data from: How maternal investment varies with environmental factors and the age and physiological state of wild tsetse Glossina pallidipes and Glossina morsitans morsitans
Theory suggests females should optimize resource allocation across reproductive bouts to maximize lifetime reproduction, balancing current and future reproductive efforts according to physiological state and projected survival and reproduction. Tests of these ideas focus on long-lived vertebrates: few measure age-related reproductive output in iteroparous invertebrates, or partition reserves between those allocated to offspring versus mothers. We investigated how maternal age, and environmental and physiological factors influence reproductive investment in wild tsetse, Glossina pallidipes Austen and G. morsitans morsitans Westwood. Tsetse provide a tractable system to measure reproductive allocation. Females exhibit high maternal investment, producing single, large offspring that rely exclusively on maternal reserves. We find that mothers in better physiological condition and experiencing cooler temperatures produce larger offspring. Pupal size increases significantly but weakly with age. In both species, females with less fat invest proportionately more in offspring. Post-partum fat decreases in flies with badly frayed wings: poor flight capability may limit their feeding efficiency, or they may sacrifice more reserves as a terminal investment. Our results support evidence that offspring size increases with maternal size, investment depends on the environment, and females with lower chances of future reproduction invest more into current offspring. We discuss the implications of maternal effects for predicting vector population responses to environmental change.
Effects of host size, maternal state, and developmental time on the adult size in a parasitoid
<p><span>Body size is a crucial characteristic of many animal species </span><span>because</span><span> it affects many fitness-related traits. Parasitoids </span><span>are important insects that </span><span>are </span><span>well-known biological control agents of pests</span><span>,</span><span> and</span><span> it is favourable to obtain larger parasitoids </span><span>that increase</span><span> fitness and </span><span>benefit</span><span> wild application. Host size is thought </span><span>to</span><span> </span><span>be </span><span>one of the most crucial factors influencing the body size and </span><span>has </span><span>received </span><span>wide</span><span>spread attention. Here, in </span><span>an egg parasitoid</span><em><span> </span></em><em><span>Anastatus disparis</span></em><span>, we found</span><span> that </span><span>the </span><span>body size of<em> </em>female significantly increased with </span><span>increasing</span><span> host size, while host size </span><span>did</span><span> not significantly affect </span><span>male</span><span> body size. </span><span>In addition to the widely known factor of host size</span><span>, both female and male offspring size significantly increased with </span><span>increasing</span><span> maternal size, and female offspring </span><span>produced</span><span> by younger </span><span>mothers were</span><span> larger </span><span>in </span><span>size. However, inconsistent with common knowledge, </span><span>the </span><span>body sizes of both </span><span>females</span><span> and </span><span>males</span><span> appears to increase when the total development time from egg to adult eclosion decreases. Although all </span><span>the</span><span> developmental </span><span>temperatures of the offspring were</span><span> the same, </span><span>the </span><span>development time </span><span>significantly differed and</span><span> was significantly affected by maternal status.</span><span> </span><span>The male offspring </span><span>produced</span><span> by larger </span><span>females have</span><span> shorter development </span><span>times</span><span>, and </span><span>the </span><span>female offspring </span><span>produced</span><span> by older </span><span>females have</span><span> longer development </span><span>times</span><span>. Consequently, our results suggested that the effect of maternal status on offspring size may be mediated by influencing development time. Furthermore, <em>A. disparis</em> </span><span>is</span><span> considered potential biological control agent </span><span>for</span><span> several </span><span>Lepidoptera</span><span> </span><span>pests</span><span>, and our results provide further guidance for mass </span><span>rearing indoors</span><span> and pest control </span><span>in the wild</span><span>.</span></p>
Data from: Abortion legislation, maternal healthcare, fertility, female literacy, sanitation, violence against women, and maternal deaths: a natural experiment in 32 Mexican states
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Data from: How maternal investment varies with environmental factors and the age and physiological state of wild tsetse Glossina pallidipes and Glossina morsitans morsitans
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Data from: Refuge or predation risk? Alternate ways to perceive hiker disturbance based on maternal state of female caribou
Human presence in natural environments is often a source of stress that is perceived by large ungulates as an increased risk of predation. Alternatively, disturbance induced by hikers creates a relatively predator-free space that may serve as a refuge. We measured the behavioral responses of female caribou to disturbance associated with the presence of hikers during summer in the Gaspésie National Park. We used those data to determine whether caribou responded negatively to human activity (i.e., the predation risk hypothesis) or whether human activity resulted in a decrease in the magnitude of perceived risk (i.e., the refuge hypothesis). Female caribou with a calf spent nearly half of their time feeding, regardless of the presence of a trail or the number of hikers. They also decreased their vigilance near trails when the number of hikers increased. Conversely, lone females fed less frequently and almost doubled the time invested in vigilance under the same circumstances. However, both groups of females moved away from trails during the day, especially in the presence of hikers. We demonstrated that risk avoidance was specific to the maternal state of the individual. Lactating females accommodated the presence of hikers to increase time spent foraging and nutritional intake, providing support for the refuge hypothesis. Alternatively, lone females with lower energetic requirements and no maternal investment in a vulnerable calf appeared less tolerant to risk, consistent with the predation risk hypothesis. Synthesis and applications: Hikers influenced the vigilance–feeding trade-off in caribou, underlining the importance of appropriate management of linear structures and human activities, especially across the critical habitat of endangered species. Even if some individuals seemed to benefit from human presence, this behavioral adaptation was not sufficient to reduce annual calf mortality associated with predation.
Data from: Refuge or predation risk? Alternate ways to perceive hiker disturbance based on maternal state of female caribou
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A VEL3 histone deacetylase complex establishes a maternal epigenetic state controlling progeny seed dormancy
GEO Series GSE202802. Arabidopsis thaliana. 38 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
The Effect of Exposure to Maternal Human Milk Odor on Physiological State of Preterms.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01012505. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Study of Maternal and Fetal Cardiovascular Function in Hypertensive States of Pregnancy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06858345. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The Effect of Maternal Scent on Sleep Wake States
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04301453. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Embryonic transcription is controlled by maternally defined chromatin state
GEO Series GSE67974. Xenopus tropicalis. 72 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing; Methylation profiling by high throughput sequencing; Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.