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107 results for “Mechanical testing”
Incentive mechanisms and the provision of public goods: Field experiment data for testing alternative economic frameworks to supply ecosystem restoration on Virginia's Eastern Shore: 2008 data.
This dataset consists of participant responses in one of two economic experiments conducted on Virginia's Eastern Shore during 2008 and 2009 by Elizabeth C. Smith used to gauge resident preferences and willingness-to-pay for ecosystem restoration activities. This dataset was designed to be used to examine a practical method to implement an individualized pricing approach to public good provision, grounded in Lindahl's marginal benefit theory. The study's focus was on ecosystem valuation and market approaches that have potential to provide public goods, examining the potential to generate revenues for public goods from consumers. While willingness-to-pay measurement techniques have been used to assess preferences for many environmental goods, this research goes a step further to explore real money auctions that generate revenues sufficient to pay for restoration activities. The data from the field experiments conducted in coastal Virginia were used, along with laboratory experiment data, to evaluate the performance of auction mechanisms in generating revenues relative to potential (Hicksian) willingness to pay for marginal increments in public goods. The field execution of this experiment involved residents of Virginia's Eastern Shore and local public goods. This application involved half-acre increments of ecosystem restoration for sea grass habitat in coastal lagoons, plantings for migratory bird habitat, and, in some auctions, clam-based increments of water quality services, defined as delaying the harvest of clams for six months beyond normal harvest by an existing aquaculture firm. To perform these tasks, participants were provided a budget, between $90 and $150. The auctioneer described for participants the ecosystem services that may result from additional ecosystem restoration associated with each activity. The actual levels of ecosystem restoration provided were based on aggregate offers reaching a pre-determined (but unknown to the participants) provision p
Incentive mechanisms and the provision of public goods: Field experiment data for testing alternative economic frameworks to supply ecosystem restoration on Virginia's Eastern Shore: 2009 data.
This dataset consists of participant responses in one of two economic experiments conducted on Virginia's Eastern Shore during 2008 and 2009 by Elizabeth C. Smith used to gauge resident preferences and willingness-to-pay for ecosystem restoration activities. This dataset was designed to be used to examine a practical method to implement an individualized pricing approach to public good provision, grounded in Lindahl's marginal benefit theory. The study's focus was on ecosystem valuation and market approaches that have potential to provide public goods, examining the potential to generate revenues for public goods from consumers. While willingness-to-pay measurement techniques have been used to assess preferences for many environmental goods, this research goes a step further to explore real money auctions that generate revenues sufficient to pay for restoration activities. The data from the field experiments conducted in coastal Virginia were used, along with laboratory experiment data, to evaluate the performance of auction mechanisms in generating revenues relative to potential (Hicksian) willingness to pay for marginal increments in public goods. The field execution of this experiment involved residents of Virginia's Eastern Shore and local public goods. This application involved half-acre increments of ecosystem restoration for sea grass habitat in coastal lagoons, plantings for migratory bird habitat, and, in some auctions, clam-based increments of water quality services, defined as delaying the harvest of clams for six months beyond normal harvest by an existing aquaculture firm. To perform these tasks, participants were provided a budget, between $90 and $150. The auctioneer described for participants the ecosystem services that may result from additional ecosystem restoration associated with each activity. The actual levels of ecosystem restoration provided were based on aggregate offers reaching a pre-determined (but unknown to the participants) provision p
Testing a biological mechanism of the insurancehypothesis in experimental aquatic communities - Data Deposit
<p>1.The insurance hypothesis predicts a stabilizing effect of increasing species richness on commu-nity and ecosystem properties. Difference among species’ responses to environmental fluctuationsprovides a general mechanism for the hypothesis. Previous experimental investigations of theinsurance hypothesis have not examined this mechanism directly.</p> <p>2.First, responses to temperature of four protist species were measured in laboratory microcosms.For each species, we measured the response of intrinsic rate of increase (r) and carrying capacity(K) to temperature.</p> <p>3.Next, communities containing pairs of species were exposed to temperature fluctuations. Com-munity biomass varied less when correlation inKbetween species (but notr) was more negative,and this resulted from more negative covariances in population sizes, as predicted. Results werecontingent on species identity, with findings differing between analyses including or not includingcommunities containing one particular species.</p> <p>4.These findings provide the clearest support to date for this mechanism of the insurance hypo-thesis. Biodiversity, in terms of differences in species’ responses to environmental fluctuations (i.e.functional response diversity) stabilizes community dynamics.</p>
KupferDigital mechanical testing datasets: Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, and tensile tests
<p><span>The Kupfer<em>Digital</em> project aims to develop digital methods, tools, and data space infrastructures for digitalizing the entire life cycle of copper materials. The mechanical testing process is one of the main chains of such life cycles which generates lots of important testing data about the mechanical properties of the materials and their related materials and testing metadata. To train the digitalization of the mechanical testing process, different kinds of copper alloys were provided for this project, and their mechanical properties were measured by typical methods like Brinell and Vickers hardness and tensile testing. The primary raw testing data as well as the secondary datasets of these tests are provided. The detailed materials specifications, the utilized mechanical testing methods, and the provided datasets are described in the content file. The test data files of heterogeneous structures are processed by the Kupfer<em>Digital</em> digital tools to be converted to standardized machine-readable data files.</span></p>
Full dataset of several mechanical tests on an S355 steel sheet as reference data for digital representations
<p>The dataset provided in this repository comprises data obtained from a series of characterization tests performed to a sheet of typical S355 (material number: 1.0577) structural steel (designation of steel according to DIN EN 10025-2:2019). The tests include methods for the determination of mechanical properties such as, e.g., tensile test, Charpy test and sonic resonance test. This dataset is intended to be extended by the inclusion of data obtained from further test methods. Therefore, the entire dataset (concept DOI) comprises several parts (versions), each of which is addressed by a unique version DOI.</p> <p>The data were generated in the frame of the digitization project Innovationplatform Material<em>Digital </em>(PMD) which, amongst other activities, aims to store data in a semantically and machine understandable way. Therefore, data structuring and data formats are focused in addition to aspects in the field of material science and engineering (MSE). Hence, this data is supposed to provide reference data as basis for experimental data inclusion, conversion and structuring (data management and processing) that leads to semantical expressivity as well as for MSE experts being generally interested in the material properties and knowledge.</p>
The Dataset of Quantifying Alignment Deviations for Uniaxial Material Mechanical Testing via Automated Machine Learning
<p>The dataset consists of 4 alignment deviations of the uniaxial testing machine as well as 12 strain measurement points on cruciform specimens. A deep learning model is trained on the dataset to quantify 4 alignment deviations using 12 strain values on a thin plate specimen. The design of experiments includes Optimal Latin Hypercube, numerical modelling of Finite Element Methods. Using the Optimal Latin Hypercube, 12496 distinct groups of DOE simulation tests are constructed. Under the boundary conditions of 4 distinct deviations, 12 strain values at the required location on the cruciform specimen are obtained using Python scripts.</p> <p>The nine CSV files correspond to the nine analysis steps. The only difference among the nine analysis steps is the pretension force acting on RP1. Each CSV file contains 24 columns of data, and the corresponding contents of each column of data are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Columns 1-6 are the freedoms of RP1 reference point, which are U1, U2, U3, ur1, UR2 and UR3 respectively;</li> <li>Columns 7-12 are the freedoms of RP2 reference points, which are U1, U2, U3, ur1, UR2 and UR3 respectively;</li> <li>Columns 13-24 are the strain values of the last 12 strain measurements of the thin plate rectangular specimen。</li> </ul>
Data from: Underrepresentation of dietary specialist larval Lepidoptera in small forest fragments: Testing alternative mechanisms
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data Accompanying "Fracturing process of concrete under uniaxial and triaxial compression: insights from in-situ x-ray mechanical tests"
<p>These are the datasets analysed in "Fracturing process of concrete under uniaxial and triaxial compression: insights from <em>in-situ</em> x-ray mechanical tests" by Stamati <em>et. al.</em> (submitted on June 2020 in Cement and Concrete Research)</p> <p>The datasets contain the reconstructed x-ray 3D images of selected tests and the corresponding DVC analysis.</p> <p>Note that details regarding the DVC analysis can be found in the paper.</p> <ul> <li>Each folder contains a separate test; uniaxial compression ("<em>C-02"</em>) and triaxial compression at 5MPa ("<em>TX5-01"</em>), 10MPa ("T<em>X10-01</em>") and 15MPa ("<em>TX15-01</em>") confining pressures.</li> <li>For each test, folder 01 contains the first scan, where 01 is the reference state for the DVC analyis. Folder 01 also contains the image of the labelled largest aggregates used for the discrete DVC. Folrders 02-XX contain the scans at intermediate loading steps and the corresponding DVC analysis; "<em>reg</em>" contains the registration result in downscaled 2-binning images. "<em>ddic</em>" contains the discrete DVC computation. "<em>ldic</em>" contains the local DVC computation, before and after the merge and filtering of the grid and discrete DVC fields. "<em>strains</em>" contains the strain fields coming from the corrected merged DVC field.</li> <li>Folder "<em>stressStrain</em>" contains the stress-strain curves measured during the tests after subtracting the displacement corresponding to the loading system.</li> <li>Folder "<em>doubleScanUniaxial</em>" contains the two reconstructed images of the "repeated scan" of the uniaxial tests, from which the DVC measurement uncertainties were evaluated.</li> </ul>
Data from: Examining the microclimate hypothesis in Amazonian birds: indirect tests of the 'visual constraints' mechanism
Proposed mechanisms for the decline of terrestrial and understory insectivorous birds in the tropics include a related subset that together has been termed the "microclimate hypothesis." One prediction from this hypothesis is that sensitivity to bright light environments discourages birds of the dimly lit rainforest interior from using edges, gaps, or disturbed forest. Using a hierarchical Bayesian framework and capture data across time and space, we tested this by first determining vulnerability based on differences in within-species capture rates between disturbed and undisturbed forest for 64 bird species at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project in central Amazonian Brazil. We found that 35 species (55%) were vulnerable to anthropogenic habitat degradation, whereas only four (6%) were more commonly captured in degraded forest. To infer visual sensitivity, we then examined two different characters: eye size (maximum pupil diameter) relative to body mass and the initiation time of dawn song, which presumably reflects a species' visual capacity under low light intensities. We predicted that species with large relative eye sizes and birds with earlier dawn songs would exhibit increased vulnerability in degraded habitats with bright light. Contrary to our predictions, however, vulnerability was positively correlated with the mean start time of dawn song. This indicates that species that wait to initiate dawn song are also more vulnerable to habitat degradation. After correcting for body size, there was no effect of eye size on vulnerability. Together, our results do not provide quantitative support for the light sensitivity mechanism of the microclimate hypothesis. More sensitive, experimental tests, such as behavioral assays with controlled light environments, especially in a comparative framework, are needed to rigorously evaluate the role of light sensitivity as an aspect of the microclimate hypothesis among Neotropical birds.
KupferDigital mechanical testing datasets: Stress relaxation and low-cycle fatigue (LCF) tests
<p><span>The Kupfer<em>Digital</em> project deals with the development of a data ecosystem for digital materials research on the basis of ontology-based digital representations of copper and copper alloys. This document provides exemplary mechanical testing datasets for training the developed Kupfer<em>Digital</em> infrastructures. Different types of cast copper alloys were provided for this research and their mechanical testing (stress relaxation and low-cycle fatigue) was performed in the accredited materials testing laboratory, while the test results were reported according to the DIN/ISO standards and attached with the maximum possible metadata about the sample history, equipment, and calibration. The attached content file consisted of the obtained primary raw testing data as well as the secondary datasets of these tests containing the detailed metadata of mechanical testing methods. Such test data files are processed by the Kupfer<em>Digital</em> digital tools to be converted to standardized machine-readable data files.</span></p>
Results of the mechanical characterization by tensile tests and the in vitro cell-biomaterial interaction analyses by WST-1 and Live/Dead of 3D-printed scaffolds generated by PLA, PCL, FF, FD and GelMA
<p>Dataset containing the quantitative results of the mechanical characterization, and the in vitro cell-biomaterial interaction analyses with neural cells after 72 hours and 7 days of cell culture of the following 3D printed scaffolds:</p> <ul> <li>Polylactic acid (PLA)</li> <li>Polycaprolactone (PCL)</li> <li>Conductive Filaflex (FF)</li> <li>Flexdym (FD)</li> <li>GelMA (G)</li> </ul> <p>The Live/Dead results were quantified using ImageJ software to determine area fractions corresponding to live (green) and dead (red) cells.</p>
A field test of mechanisms underpinning animal diversity in recently burned landscapes
<p>1. Planned burning generates different types of pyrodiversity, however, experimental tests of how alternative spatial patterns of burning influence animal communities remain rare. Field tests are needed to understand the mechanisms through which spatial variation in planned fire affects fauna, and how fire can be applied to benefit biodiversity.</p> <p>2. We tested five hypotheses of how fire-driven variation in habitat composition and configuration affects fauna at fine scales. Small mammal, reptile and invasive predator activity was monitored at 12 burnt and eight unburnt sites through the year following a large, planned burn in semi-arid 'mallee' woodlands of southern Australia. We explored measures of burnt or unburnt habitat ("habitat status"); amount of unburnt vegetation ("habitat amount"); interspersion of burnt and unburnt patches ("habitat complementation"); distance to external or internal unburnt vegetation ("habitat connectivity"); and unburnt patch size and local vegetation cover ("habitat refuge"). Generalized linear models were used to test the influence of each variable on capture rate of three small mammal and 11 reptile species; activity of the introduced red fox (Vulpes vulpes); and species richness of native animals.</p> <p>3. We found strong support for the habitat status hypothesis and moderate support for four hypotheses relating to spatial patterns of fire. Reptile assemblages varied between burnt and unburnt sites, and relationships were identified between abundance of one or more reptile species and each measure of spatial variation. Reptile species richness was higher at unburnt sites and at sites with more unburnt vegetation in the surrounding area. Sites that were less connected to unburnt vegetation had fewer reptile species. Mammals did not have clear relationships with fine-scale fire patterns.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and applications: Application of planned fire to promote biodiversity is globally important. We show that retaining unburnt areas and well-connected habitat refuges is important for reptile diversity. We also found that several species of small mammals and reptiles appear resilient to the fine-scale patterns of planned fire experienced in this study, despite activity of introduced predators. The diversity of animals can remain relatively high in areas subject to planned fire, provided that internal and external habitat refuges are retained.</p>
Decomposition disentangled: a test of the multiple mechanisms by which nitrogen enrichment alters litter decomposition
<ol> <li>Nitrogen (N) enrichment has direct effects on ecosystem functioning by altering soil abiotic conditions and indirect effects by reducing plant diversity and shifting plant functional composition from dominance by slow to fast growing species. Litter decomposition is a key ecosystem function and is affected by N enrichment either by a change in litter quality (the recalcitrance of the plant material) or through a change in soil quality (the abiotic and biotic components of the soil that affect decomposition). How the direct and indirect effects of N alter soil and litter quality remains poorly known.</li> <li>We designed a large grassland field experiment manipulating N enrichment, plant species richness and functional composition in a full factorial design. We used three complementary litterbag experiments, combined in a structural equation model (SEM), to quantify the effects of the treatments and various measures of functional composition and diversity on litter and soil quality and overall decomposition.</li> <li>Our results revealed multiple drivers of litter quality and showed that nutrient concentrations (N and calcium) were about twice as important as structural components (leaf dry matter content, fibres) in determining litter quality. Overall the experimental results suggest that N enrichment increases litter decomposition mostly indirectly through a shift in functional composition toward faster growing plant species, producing higher quality litter. N enrichment also altered soil quality and thereby litter decomposition, through its effects on vegetation cover.</li> <li>Our approach provides a mechanistic tool to test the drivers of litter decomposition across different ecosystems. Our results show that litter quality is determined by several nutrient and structure traits and highlight the importance of considering shifts in plant species composition when assessing the effects of N enrichment on decomposition.</li> </ol>
Mechanical Tests of a Polyimide Neural Probe
<p>Buckling force and three-point bend data as presented in Neural Microprobe Modelling and Microfabrication for Improved Implantation and Mechanical Failure Mitigation (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2021.0007).</p>
Code and data for: Nitrogen-induced hysteresis in grassland biodiversity: A theoretical test of litter-mediated mechanisms
<p>The global rise in anthropogenic reactive nitrogen (N) and the negative impacts of N deposition on terrestrial plant diversity are well-documented. The R* theory of resource competition predicts reversible decreases in plant diversity in response to N loading. However, empirical evidence for the reversibility of N-induced biodiversity loss is mixed. In a long-term N-enrichment experiment in Minnesota, a low-diversity state that emerged during N addition has persisted for decades after additions ceased. Hypothesized mechanisms preventing recovery of biodiversity include nutrient recycling, insufficient external seed supply, and litter inhibition of plant growth. Here we present an ODE model that unifies these mechanisms, produces bistability at intermediate N inputs, and qualitatively matches the observed hysteresis at Cedar Creek. Key features of the model, including native species' growth advantage in low-N conditions and limitation by litter accumulation, generalize from Cedar Creek to North American grasslands. Our results suggest that effective biodiversity restoration in these systems may require management beyond reducing N inputs, such as burning, grazing, haying, and seed additions. By coupling resource competition with an additional inter-specific inhibitory process, the model also illustrates a general mechanism for bistability and hysteresis that may occur in multiple ecosystem types. </p>
Testing Self-Control as a Behavior Change Mechanism to Increase Physical Activity
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04522141. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Data from: Can hot temperatures limit disease transmission? a test of mechanisms in a zooplankton-fungus system
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Decomposition disentangled: a test of the multiple mechanisms by which nitrogen enrichment alters litter decomposition
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Examining the microclimate hypothesis in Amazonian birds: indirect tests of the ‘visual constraints’ mechanism
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data for: Tuning and validation of a virtual mechanical testing pipeline for condylar stress fracture risk assessment in Thoroughbred racehorses
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.