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5 results for “Mecysmaucheniidae”
FIG. 3. — Archaemecys arcantiensis n. gen., n in First fossil Mecysmaucheniidae (Arachnida, Chelicerata, Araneae), from Lower Cretaceous (Uppermost Albian) amber of Charente-Maritime, France
FIG. 3. — Archaemecys arcantiensis n. gen., n. sp., anterior view of the chelicerae and pedipalps. Notice the peg teeth on the chelicerae and the heightened profile of the carapace. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.
FIG. 1. — Archaemecys arcantiensis n. gen., n in First fossil Mecysmaucheniidae (Arachnida, Chelicerata, Araneae), from Lower Cretaceous (Uppermost Albian) amber of Charente-Maritime, France
FIG. 1. — Archaemecys arcantiensis n. gen., n. sp. (MNHN ARC11R): A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, opisthosoma, notice the pronounced wrinkling of the cuticle and the sclerotized rings around the tracheal spiracle and the spinnerets; D, lateral view of the spinnerets, anterior to the left; the anterior two spinnerets (left) are relatively large, with two segments, while the posterior two spinnerets (right) are smaller; E, close-up of metatarsus and tarsus third leg segment showing the unsclerotized portion at the base of the tarsus (arrowed). Scale bars: A, B, D, E, 0.5 mm; C, 0.2 mm.
FIG. 2 in First fossil Mecysmaucheniidae (Arachnida, Chelicerata, Araneae), from Lower Cretaceous (Uppermost Albian) amber of Charente-Maritime, France
FIG. 2. — Interpretive drawings of Archaemecys arcantiensis n. gen., n. sp.: A, dorsal view; B, ventral view. See text for explanation of abbreviations. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Data from: Morphology and performance of the trap-jaw cheliceral strikes in spiders (Araneae, Mecysmaucheniidae)
Mecysmaucheniidae spiders have evolved ultra-fast cheliceral strikes four times independently. The mechanism for producing these high-speed strikes is likely due to a latch/spring system that allows for stored energy to be rapidly released. This study examines two different sister-lineages: Zearchaea has ultra-fast cheliceral strikes and Aotearoa, based on external morphology, is hypothesized to have slower strikes. Using high-speed videography, I gather kinematic data on each taxon and test the hypothesis that external morphology predicts cheliceral strike performance. Then, using histology and data from &[mu]-Computed-Technology scanning I ask whether internal muscle morphologies also correspond to performance differences. Results from high-speed video analysis reveal that Zearchaea sp. achieves peak angular velocities of 25.0 &[plusmn] 4.8 x 103 rad s-1 (mean &[plusmn] standard deviation) in durations of 0.0843 &[plusmn] 0.017 ms. The fastest recorded strike had a peak angular and linear velocity of 30.8 x 103 rad s-1 and 18.2 m s-1, respectively. The slower striking sister-species, Aotearoa magna, was three orders of magnitude slower in velocity and longer in duration. Histology revealed sarcomere length differences, with some muscles specialized to be slow and forceful, and others to be fast and non-forceful. 3D printed models reveal structural differences that explain how the chelicerae hinge open and closed. Combining all of this evidence I put forth a hypothesis for the ultra-fast trap-jaw mechanism. This research documents the morphological shifts that accompany ultra-fast movements and result in increased rotation in joints and increased muscle specialization.
Data from: Morphology and performance of the trap-jaw cheliceral strikes in spiders (Araneae, Mecysmaucheniidae)
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