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FIG. 12. Monodelphis domestica NMB c. III.777 in Transverse Canal Foramen And Pericarotid Venous Network In Metatheria And Other Mammals

FIG. 12. Monodelphis domestica NMB c. III.777 (Didelphidae, Didelphimorphia), adult caudal cranium, selected coronal segments in rostrocaudal order (data source, table 2). In A–E, note general resemblance to Caenolestes in mesocranial organization (figs. 13A; 14A, B), with prominent transverse canals and basisphenoid sinus, multiple openings in endocranial floor. Asterisk identifies either an internal compartment within transverse basisphenoid sinus, or an improbably large craniopharyngeal canal. In D–G, note partial tubes or grooves for caudal branches of transverse canal, absent in Didelphis (fig. 5), leading to caudal branch foramen (arrow). Key: AS, alisphenoid; astp, alisphenoid tympanic process; cbtc, caudal branch of transverse canal; cc, carotid canal; ctbs, caudal portion of transverse basisphenoid sinus; encf, endocranial carotid foramen; encg, endocranial carorid groove; excf, exocranial carotid foramen; hpf, hypophyseal fossa; junc, junction of transverse canals; le, lateral extension of transverse basisphenoid sinus; mxns, sulcus for maxillary nerve; onvs, sulcus for ophthalmic neurovascular array; pf, piriform fenestra; ptc, pterygoid canal; rbtc, rostral branch of transverse canal; rtbs, rostral portion of transverse basisphenoid sinus; SQ, squamosal; tcf, transverse canal foramen; tmc, tympanic cavity.

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FIG. 11. Monodelphis domestica ZIUT PND 12 in Transverse Canal Foramen And Pericarotid Venous Network In Metatheria And Other Mammals

FIG. 11. Monodelphis domestica ZIUT PND 12, HL 8.5 (Didelphidae, Didelphimorphia), young postnatal specimen, stained coronal sections in rostrocaudal order. In A and B, note anastomotic link between internal carotid vein and presumptive trunk of transverse canal vein (ss. 22.03.03, 23.02.01). In C, note internal carotid vein/basicranial venous plexus lying medial to auditory capsule (s. 25.04.02); size diminished compared to appearance in A. In D, unnamed emissaria from ventral petrosal sinus (circled) passing through basicapsular

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Figs 2-6. Agonistic behavior between a in The hard task of a short-tailed mouse opossum (Monodelphis) to prey a harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones)

Figs 2-6. Agonistic behavior between a harvestman of the family Gonyleptidae and the mouse opossum Monodelphis dimidiata (Wagner, 1847). The interaction starts with the mouse opossum in an attack position, facing the harvestman (Fig. 2), then the marsupial staggers side to side (Fig. 3) and is knocked out (Fig. 4). This sequence of events is repeated two times, until the mouse opossum assumes its third attack position and attacks the harvestman (Fig. 5). The mouse opossum removes the harvestman's legs one by one to then feed on its body (Fig. 6). Image edited in the Inkscape software.

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Linked collectors and determiners for: Integrative taxonomy of the Amazonian red-sided opossum Monodelphis glirina (J. A. Wagner, 1842) (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae).

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Integrative taxonomy of the Amazonian red-sided opossum Monodelphis glirina (J. A. Wagner, 1842) (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/5783612d-b9d8-437b-9178-ae5caf8aed13">https://bionomia.net/dataset/5783612d-b9d8-437b-9178-ae5caf8aed13</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/5783612d-b9d8-437b-9178-ae5caf8aed13">https://gbif.org/dataset/5783612d-b9d8-437b-9178-ae5caf8aed13</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

FIG. 14 in A Revised Subgeneric Classification of Short-tailed Opossums (Didelphidae: Monodelphis)

FIG. 14. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of a freshly killed specimen of Monodelphis (Pyrodelphys) emiliae, illustrating the diagnostically flame-colored ventral pelage (photo courtesy of M. Hoogmoed). Whereas the dorsal coloration of this species is faithfully preserved even in decades-old museum skins, the ventral coloration quickly fades aπer death.

FIG. 12 in A Revised Subgeneric Classification of Short-tailed Opossums (Didelphidae: Monodelphis)

FIG. 12. Lingual view of the unworn right mandibular dentition of Monodelphis scalops (A, FMNH BDP3282) and M. handleyi (B, AMNH 276704), illustrating taxonomic differences in size of the entoconid (arrows) on m1–m3 (see text). Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIG. 4 in A Revised Subgeneric Classification of Short-tailed Opossums (Didelphidae: Monodelphis)

FIG. 4. Close-up views of tail illustrating caudal scales arranged in annular series (A, Monodelphis glirina, MZUSP MTR 10164) and spiral series (B, M. dimidiata, MZUSP 34257). Not to the same scale.

FIG. 9 in A Revised Subgeneric Classification of Short-tailed Opossums (Didelphidae: Monodelphis)

FIG. 9. Ventral cranial view of old adult males of Monodelphis touan (A, USNM 393441) and M. americana (B, UFMG 2004), illustrating the presence of an infratemporal crest of alisphenoid (ica) in M. touan. The crest is absent or indistinct in M. americana. Scale bars = 5 mm.

FIG. 6 in A Revised Subgeneric Classification of Short-tailed Opossums (Didelphidae: Monodelphis)

FIG. 6. Leπ lateral cranial view of Monodelphis peruviana (A, FMNH 172032), M. emiliae (B, MUSM 13298), and M. americana (C, OK 17381) illustrating taxonomic differences in zygomatic morphology. In M. peruviana the jugal (jug) is not produced dorsal to the zygomatic process of the squamosal (zps) and the frontal process is absent or indistinct. By contrast, in M. emiliae a rounded frontal process of the jugal (fpj) extends dorsal to the zygomatic process of the squamosal, whereas in M. americana the frontal process of the jugal is well devel-oped and distinctly angular. Not to the same scale.

FIG. 13 in A Revised Subgeneric Classification of Short-tailed Opossums (Didelphidae: Monodelphis)

FIG. 13. Phylogenetic hypotheses for species of Monodelphis based on maximum-likelihood, maximum-parsimony, and Bayesian analyses (A, aπer Pavan et al., 2014) and coalescent analyses (B, aπer Pavan et al., 2016) of DNA sequence data from one mitochondrial and four nuclear genes.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Monodelphis (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

FIGURE 4. Dorsal and ventral cranial views of A, Monodelphis kunsi (USNM 461348, male); B, M. pinocchio (MN 78680, male); and C, M. osgoodi (AMNH 264922, female). Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 5 in A new species of Monodelphis (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

FIGURE 5. Lateral cranial and mandibular views of A, Monodelphis kunsi (USNM 461348, male); B, M. pinocchio (MN 78680, male); C, and M. osgoodi (AMNH 264922, female). Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 3. A in A new species of Monodelphis (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

FIGURE 3. A, Dorsal, B, lateral, and C, ventral views of the holotype skin of Monodelphis pinocchio (MN 78680). Scale bar = 50 mm.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Monodelphis (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

FIGURE 2. Collecting localities of Monodelphis pinocchio. Numbers are keyed to localities mentioned in the text.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of Monodelphis (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic relationships of species of the Monodelphis adusta group based on a maximumlikelihood analysis of DNA sequence data from one mitochondrial and four nuclear genes (4983 aligned sites; after Pavan et al., 2014). Support statistics from maximum-parsimony (MP) and maximum-likelihood (ML) bootstrap analyses are indicated at each resolved node along with Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP). White wedges indicate MP and ML bootstrap frequencies ≤ 50%, gray indicates bootstrap frequencies between 50% and 75%, and black indicates bootstrap frequencies ≥ 75%. For Bayesian statistics, white indicates BPP <0.95, whereas black indicates BPP ≥ 0.95. See Pavan et al. (2014:201, 202) for methodological details.

FIGURE 4 in A New Species of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Monodelphis from Eastern Bolivia

FIGURE 4. Ventral view of posterior palate in Monodelphis sanctaerosae (A, AMNH 263548), M. domestica (B, MSB 63278), and M. glirina (C, AMNH 262398) illustrating the position of the posterolateral palatal foramen (plpf) in relation to the fourth molar (M4).

FIGURE 1 in A New Species of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Monodelphis from Eastern Bolivia

FIGURE 1. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the holotype skin of Monodelphis sanctaerosae (AMNH 263548). All views about ×0.9.

FIGURE 2 in A New Species of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Monodelphis from Eastern Bolivia

FIGURE 2. Dorsal and ventral cranial views of female Monodelphis sanctaerosae (A, B; AMNH 263548), M. domestica (C, D; AMNH 261243), and M. glirina (E, F; AMNH 262398). All views about ×2.

FIGURE 5 in A New Species of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Monodelphis from Eastern Bolivia

FIGURE 5. Collecting localities for examined Bolivian specimens of the Monodelphis brevicaudata group (sensu Solari, 2010; including M. domestica, M. glirina, and M. sanctaerosae). Numbers are keyed to gazetteer entries (see appendix). Broken lines indicate Bolivian departmental borders. Degrees of south latitude and west longitude are shown along the righthand and top margins, respectively.