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22 results for “Morphometric traits”
FIGURE 7. Age-specific discriminant analysis using all morphometric parameters for all sites. 7A in Taxon-specific variability of leaf traits in three long-ranging fossil-species of the Paleogene and Neogene: Responses to climate?
FIGURE 7. Age-specific discriminant analysis using all morphometric parameters for all sites. 7A: Eocene. 7B: Oligocene. Triangles: Platanus neptuni. Squares: Eotrigonobalanus furcinervis. Circles: Daphnogene cinnamomifolia.
Data and code for: Regional and local variability in the morphometric traits of two emblematic seagrass species (Zostera marina and Zostera noltei) along the French coast
<p>We present here the raw data and scripts to reproduce the results presented in the preprint "Regional and local variability in the morphometric traits of two emblematic seagrass species (Zostera marina and Zostera noltei) along the French coast" available on Zenodo. </p> <p> </p> <p>Preprin abstract:</p> <p><em><span>Zostera marina</span></em><span> and <em>Zostera noltei</em> are two foundation species that play a crucial role in the functioning of coastal ecosystems. They occur in a wide range of environmental conditions over a large geographical area in the northern hemisphere. The aim of this study was to investigate the scales of variability in the dynamics of these two species in relation to environmental conditions in four sites along the French coasts. We used community trajectory analysis, a multivariate statistical approach that allows quantitative measures and comparisons of ecosystem temporal trajectories. We found a significant effect of latitude and tidal regime on the seasonal dynamics of the two species. Populations from the southernmost microtidal site showed a seasonal stability in their morphometric traits and a good resistance to present-day climatic conditions. In the meso- and macrotidal regime sites, hydrodynamics and light have led to very different ecological strategies. On the one hand, high tidal currents increased shoot density and root biomass, while on the other hand, low light and less current favoured the development of long leaves to optimise photosynthesis. Finally, significant variation in meadow development was also observed at the local scale, which requires further investigation to identify the specific drivers. Our discussion suggests that special attention should be paid to interpreting the dynamics of these species according to the scale of observation, and that this diversity of variation scales should be taken into account in conservation measures. In a global context of seagrass bed decline, our study suggests some avenues of research to improve our understanding of seagrass species ecology in order to properly assess the state of coastal waters.</span></p>
Morphometric trait measurements of Arctic char in foothill lakes of arctic Alaska
<p class="CxSpFirst">Polymorphism facilitates coexistence of divergent morphs (e.g., phenotypes) of the same species by minimizing intraspecific competition, especially when resources are limiting. Arctic char <i>(Salvelinus sp</i>.) are a Holarctic fish often forming morphologically, and sometimes genetically, divergent morphs. In this study, we assessed the morphological and genetic diversity and divergence of 263 individuals from seven populations of arctic char with varying length-frequency distributions across two distinct groups of lakes in northern Alaska. Despite close geographic proximity, each lake group occurs on landscapes with different glacial ages and surface water connectivity, and thus were likely colonized by fishes at different times. Across lakes, a continuum of physical (e.g., lake area, maximum depth) and biological characteristics (e.g., primary productivity, fish density) exists, likely contributing to characteristics of present-day char populations. Although some lakes exhibit bimodal size distributions, using model-based clustering of morphometric traits corrected for allometry, we did not detect morphological differences within and across char populations. Genomic analyses using 15,934 SNPs obtained from genotyping-by-sequencing demonstrated differences among lake groups related to historical biogeography, but within lake groups and within individual lakes, genetic differentiation was not related to total body length. We used PERMANOVA to identify environmental and biological factors related to observed char size structure. Significant predictors included water transparency (i.e., a primary productivity proxy), char density (fish·ha<sup>-1</sup>), and lake group. Larger char occurred in lakes with greater primary production and lower char densities, suggesting less intraspecific competition and resource limitation. Thus, char populations in more productive and connected lakes may prove more stable to environmental changes, relative to food-limited and closed lakes, if lake productivity increases concomitantly. Our findings provide some of the first descriptions of genomic characteristics of char populations in arctic Alaska, and offer important consideration for the persistence of these populations for subsistence and conservation.</p>
Data from: Influence of Check Dams on the Activity Pattern and Morphometric Traits of Overwintering Tadpoles in the Western Himalaya
<p>Dataset for the paper: Influence of Check Dams on the Activity Pattern and Morphometric Traits of Overwintering Tadpoles in the Western Himalaya. See readme.txt for details.</p>
Why the long teeth? Morphometric analysis suggests different selective pressures on functional occlusal traits in Plio-Pleistocene African suids
<p>Neogene and Pleistocene African suids displayed convergent evolutionary trends in the third molar (M3) morphology, with increasingly elongated and higher crowns through time. While these features can prevent premature loss of masticatory functionality and potentially increase long-term reproductive success, changes in dental occlusal traits such as enamel complexity and thickness can also improve chewing efficiency and increase short-term energetic return. While both long-term and short-term benefits can contribute to the thriving of a lineage, the selective pressures associated with each category can be different. To examine how crown elongation correlates with these functional occlusal traits, we selected M3s of Kolpochoerus, Notochoerus, and Metridiochoerus from Kenya and South Africa, dated between 3.0 Ma and 0.4 Ma. To account for dental wear, we used micro-CT imaging of unworn/slightly worn M3s to simulate wear progression within each tooth. We compared morphometric representatives of occlusal enamel complexity and thickness among the specimens following their respective wear trajectories. We found that M3 elongation correlates with higher occlusal complexity and thinner enamel in Notochoerus and Metridiochoerus lineages through time. In Kolpochoerus, enamel complexity and thickness were generally maintained through time, despite M3 elongation. The differences in M3 morphometric trends suggest that Kolpochoerus likely experienced a different set of selective pressures on functional occlusal traits compared to Notochoerus and Metridiochoerus. The shared evolutionary trends of M3 specialization among Notochoerus and Metridiochoerus suggest similar selective pressures on their chewing efficiency and the possibility of a dietary niche overlap in more xeric habitats.</p>
Morphometric trait measurements of Arctic char in foothill lakes of arctic Alaska
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Ecological opportunity spurred adaptive radiation of Central Mexican Silversides: Evidence from functional and morphometric traits
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Why the long teeth? Morphometric analysis suggests different selective pressures on functional occlusal traits in Plio-Pleistocene African suids
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FIGURE 2 in Discrimination of Uranotaenia species (Diptera: Culicidae) from Madagascar based on morphology and wing morphometric traits
FIGURE 2. Twelve landmarks on the wing of the Uranotaenia specimens used in the morphometric analyses.
FIGURE 5 in Discrimination of Uranotaenia species (Diptera: Culicidae) from Madagascar based on morphology and wing morphometric traits
FIGURE 5. Variation of the centroid size of the wing for Uranotaenia sp1 from the Anorana forest (1) and the Maromizaha forest (2). Each box shows the group of median values separating the 10th and 90th quartiles.
Data from: Morphometric traits capture the climatically driven species turnover of 10 spruce taxa across China
This study explored the relative roles of climate and phylogenetic background in driving morphometric trait variation in 10 spruce taxa in China. The study further addressed the hypothesis that these variations are consistent with species turnover on climatic gradients. Nine morphometric traits of leaves, seed cones, and seeds for the 10 studied spruce taxa were measured at 504 sites. These data were analyzed in combination with species DNA sequences from NCBI GenBank. We detected the effects of phylogeny and climate through trait-variation-based K statistics and phylogenetic eigenvector regression (PVR) analyses. Multivariate analyses were performed to detect trait variation along climatic gradients with species replacement. The estimated K-values for the nine studied morphometric traits ranged from 0.19 to 0.68, and the studied environmental variables explained 39–83% of the total trait variation. Trait variation tended to be determined largely by a temperature gradient varying from wet-cool climates to dry-warm summers and, additionally, by a moisture gradient. As the climate became wetter and cooler, spruce species tended to be replaced by other spruces with smaller needle leaves and seeds but larger cones and seed scales. A regression analysis showed that spruce species tended to be successively replaced by other species, along the gradient, although the trends observed within species were not necessarily consistent with the overall trend. The climatically driven replacement of the spruces in question could be well indicated by the between-species variation in morphometric traits that carry lower phylogenetic signal. Between-species variation in these traits is driven primarily by climatic factors. These species demonstrate a narrower ecological amplitude in temperature but wider ranges on the moisture gradient.
Morphometric correlations between dietary and reproductive traits of two brachyuran crabs, Hemigrapsus sanguineus and Aratus pisonii
<p>Many animals have flexible morphological traits that allow them to succeed in differing circumstances with differing diets available to them. For brachyuran crabs, claw height and gut size are diet-specific and largely reflect foraging strategies, while abdomen width reflects relative levels of fecundity. However, the link between claw size and diet has largely been documented only for primarily carnivorous crabs, while the link between diet and fecundity is strong in herbivorous crabs. We sought to determine the nature of the intraspecific relationship between claw size, dietary habits, and fecundity for two primarily herbivorous crab species, <em>Hemigrapsus</em> <em>sanguineus</em> and <em>Aratus</em> <em>pisonii</em>. Specifically, we examined whether claw size and/or abdomen width can be used as reliable measures of individual diet strategy. To test these hypotheses, we collected crabs and measured the dimensions of their claws, abdomens, and guts. By comparing these dimensions for each individual, we found that strongly predictive relationships do not exist between these traits for the primarily herbivorous species in our study. Thus, identifying external morphological features that can be used to assess diets of primarily herbivorous crabs remains elusive.</p>
Data from: Morphometric traits capture the climatically driven species turnover of 10 spruce taxa across China
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Morphometric correlations between dietary and reproductive traits of two brachyuran crabs, Hemigrapsus sanguineus and Aratus pisonii
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Data from: Phylogenetic patterns of skeletal morphometrics and pelvic traits in relation to locomotor mode in frogs
Frogs are one of the most speciose groups of vertebrate tetrapods (> 6200sp) with a diverse array of locomotor behaviours. Despite the impressive diversity in frog locomotor behaviours, there remains a paucity of information on the relationship between skeletal variation and locomotor mode in frogs and the evolutionary patterns in which these relationships are framed across the frog phylogeny. Our current understanding of the evolution of frog locomotion shows that hopping transitioned into jumping within the Neobatrachia where a variety of pelvic/hindlimb length patterns and locomotor niches have appeared, but this has yet to be studied over a broad taxonomic sample of frogs. Although limb length remains as the primary predictor of leaping performance, pelvic and sacral morphometrics have not been quantified in relation to limb proportions, body size and locomotor mode and previous studies have not sampled more than 24 families. We present a large-scale phylogenetic comparison of skeletal morphometrics in relation to locomotor mode in 188 genera from 37 families. Osteological variation in limb/pelvic girdle morphometrics and pelvic traits that are posited to be associated with locomotor mode were analysed to identify which aspects of the frog skeleton are the best descriptors of locomotor mode. Our results, contrary to previous work, reveal that the greatest axis of variation in frogs is represented by the shape of the sacrum with two pelvic morphologies evident in qualitative and quantitative ancestral trait reconstructions. Limb morphology was not significantly different across most locomotor modes, but we identified several outliers in hindlimb phylomorphospace. Patterns of sacral evolution together with hindlimb length outliers reveal how the general bauplan of this successful group of vertebrate tetrapods is constrained, has radiated and has converged on certain phenotypes to fill an array of locomotor modes.
Data from: Genomic analysis of morphometric traits in bighorn sheep using the Ovine Infinium® HD SNP BeadChip
Elucidating the genetic basis of fitness-related traits is a major goal of molecular ecology. Traits subject to sexual selection are particularly interesting, as non-random mate choice should deplete genetic variation and thereby their evolutionary benefits. We examined the genetic basis of three sexually selected morphometric traits in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis): horn length, horn base circumference, and body mass. These traits are of specific concern in bighorn sheep as artificial selection through trophy hunting opposes sexual selection. Specifically, horn size determines trophy status and, in most North American jurisdictions, if an individual can be legally harvested. Using between 7,994–9,552 phenotypic measures from the long-term individual-based study at Ram Mountain (Alberta, Canada), we first showed that all three traits are heritable (h2 = 0.15–0.23). We then conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) utilizing a set of 3,777 SNPs typed in 76 individuals using the Ovine Infinium® HD SNP BeadChip. We found suggestive association for body mass at a single locus (OAR9_91647990). The absence of strong associations with SNPs suggests that the traits are likely polygenic. These results represent a step forward for characterizing the genetic architecture of fitness related traits in sexually dimorphic ungulates.
Data from: Genomic analysis of morphometric traits in bighorn sheep using the Ovine Infinium® HD SNP BeadChip
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Data from: Phylogenetic patterns of skeletal morphometrics and pelvic traits in relation to locomotor mode in frogs
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FIGURE 6 in Discrimination of Uranotaenia species (Diptera: Culicidae) from Madagascar based on morphology and wing morphometric traits
FIGURE 6. Scatter plots from the principle component analysis of morphometric data for wings of Uranotaenia species. Squares represent the mean centroid size for each species and group. X = from -0.075 to 0.037; Y = from -0.029 to 0.059.
FIGURE 4 in Discrimination of Uranotaenia species (Diptera: Culicidae) from Madagascar based on morphology and wing morphometric traits
FIGURE 4. Mean coordinates of landmark points on the wings of Uranotaenia species. X = from -0272 to 0.689; Y = from -0.109 to 0.098. ANR, Anorana forest; MMZ, Maromizaha forest.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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OpenNeuro
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