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26 results for “Myotis lucifugus”
Data and code from: A multifaceted approach reveals complex genomic mediation of white-nose syndrome resistance in the little brown bat (<em>Myotis lucifugus</em>)
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Data from: Seasonal phenology of the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) at 60°N
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Data from: Evidence that Myotis lucifugus ‘subspecies’ are five non-sister species, despite gene flow
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Ectoparasite diversity and infection burden on two sympatric bat species, Myotis lucifugus and M. septentrionalis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)
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Data from: Immune responses in hibernating little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) with white-nose syndrome
White-nose syndrome (WNS) is a fungal disease responsible for decimating many bat populations in North America. Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), the psychrophilic fungus responsible for WNS, prospers in the winter habitat of many hibernating bat species. The immune response that Pd elicits in bats is not yet fully understood; antibodies are produced in response to infection by Pd, but they may not be protective and indeed may be harmful. To understand how bats respond to infection during hibernation, we studied the effect of Pd inoculation on the survival and gene expression of captive hibernating Myotis lucifugus with varying pre-hibernation antifungal antibody titres. We investigated gene expression through the transcription of selected cytokine genes (Il6, Il17a, Il1b, Il4 and Ifng) associated with inflammatory, Th1, Th2 and Th17 immune responses in wing tissue and lymph nodes. We found no difference in survival between bats with low and high anti-Pd titres, although anti-Pd antibody production during hibernation differed significantly between infected and uninfected bats. Transcription of Il6 and Il17a was higher in the lymph nodes of infected bats compared with uninfected bats. Increased transcription of these cytokines in the lymph node suggests that a pro-inflammatory immune response to WNS is not restricted to infected tissues and occurs during hibernation. The resulting Th17 response may be protective in euthermic bats, but because it may disrupt torpor, it could be detrimental during hibernation.
Data from: Sex and hibernaculum temperature predict survivorship in white-nose syndrome affected little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus)
White-nose syndrome (WNS), an emerging infectious disease caused by the novel fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has devastated North American bat populations since its discovery in 2006. The little brown myotis, Myotis lucifugus, has been especially affected. The goal of this 2-year captive study was to determine the impact of hibernacula temperature and sex on WNS survivorship in little brown myotis that displayed visible fungal infection when collected from affected hibernacula. In study 1, we found that WNS-affected male bats had increased survival over females and that bats housed at a colder temperature survived longer than those housed at warmer temperatures. In study 2, we found that WNS-affected bats housed at a colder temperature fared worse than unaffected bats. Our results demonstrate that WNS mortality varies among individuals, and that colder hibernacula are more favourable for survival. They also suggest that female bats may be more negatively affected by WNS than male bats, which has important implications for the long-term survival of the little brown myotis in eastern North America.
Data from: Population genetic structure within and among seasonal site types in the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) and the northern long-eared bat (M. septentrionalis)
During late summer and early autumn, temperate bats migrate from their summering sites to swarming sites, where mating likely occurs. However, the extent to which individuals of a single summering site migrate to the same swarming site, and vice versa, is not known. We examined the migratory connectivity between summering and swarming sites in two temperate, North American, bat species, the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) and the northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis). Using mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA markers, we examined population structuring within and among summering and swarming sites. Both species exhibited moderate degrees of mitochondrial DNA differentiation (little brown bat: FST(SWARMING) = 0.093, FST(SWARMING) = 0.052; northern long-eared bat: FST(SWARMING) = 0.117, FST(SWARMING) = 0.043) and little microsatellite DNA differentiation among summering and among swarming sites. Haplotype diversity was significantly higher at swarming sites than summering sites, supporting the idea that swarming sites are comprised of individuals from various summering sites. Further, pairwise analyses suggest that swarming sites are not necessarily comprised of only individuals from the most proximal summering colonies.
Data from: Eating local: influences of habitat on the diet of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus)
We employ molecular methods to profile the diet of the little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus, and describe spatial and temporal changes in diet over their maternity season. We identified 61 prey species of insects and 5 species of arachnid. The largest proportion of prey (∼32%) were identified as species of the mass-emerging Ephemeroptera (mayfly) genus Caenis. Bats roosting in agricultural settings had lower dietary richness than those occupying a roost located on a forest fragment in a conservation area. We detected temporal fluctuations in diet over the maternity season. Dipteran (fly) species dominated the diet early in the season, replaced later by species of mayfly. Because our methodology provides species-level identification of prey, we were able to isolate environmental indicator species in the diet and draw conclusions about the location and type of their foraging habitat and the health of these aquatic systems. The species detected suggested that the bats use variable habitats; members of one agricultural roost foraged on insects originating in rivers or streams while those in another agricultural roost and the forest roost fed on insects from pond or lake environments. All source water for prey was of fair to good quality, though no species detected are intolerant of pollution thus the habitat cannot be classified as pristine. Our study outlines a model system to investigate the abiotic and biotic interactions between habitat factors through this simple food chain to the top predator.
Data from: Combinations of reproductive, individual, and weather effects best explain torpor patterns among female little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus)
Heterothermic mammals can use torpor, a state of metabolic suppression, to conserve energy during times of limited food and poor environmental conditions. Females may use torpor throughout gestation and lactation; however, there are associated physiological and ecological costs with potential fitness consequences. Previous studies have controlled for, but not quantified the impact of interindividual variation on torpor patterns and understanding this may provide insight on why certain thermoregulatory responses are employed. The objective of this study was to identify and quantitatively characterize the intrinsic variables and weather conditions that best explain variation in torpor patterns among individual female little brown bats, Myotis lucifugus. We used temperature‐sensitive radio‐transmitters affixed to females to measure skin temperature patterns of 35 individuals roosting in bat boxes in the spring and summer. We used Bayesian multi‐model inference to rank a priori‐selected models and variables based on their explanatory power. Reproductive condition and interindividual effects best explained torpor duration and depth, and weather best explained torpor frequency. Of the reproductive conditions, lactating females used torpor for the shortest durations and at shallower depths (i.e., smallest drop in minimum Tsk), while females in early spring (i.e., not‐obviously‐pregnant) used torpor for the longest and deepest. Among individuals, the greatest difference in effects on duration occurred between pregnant individuals, suggesting interindividual variation within reproductive condition. Increases in precipitation and wind were associated with a higher probability of torpor use. Our results provide further support that multiple variables explain torpor patterns and highlight the importance of including individual effects when studying thermoregulatory patterns in heterothermic species.
On following pages: 368. Himalayan Broad-muzzled Bat (Submyotodon caliginosus); 369. Moupin Broad-muzzled Bat (Submyotodon moupinensis); 370. Northern Myotis (Myotis septentrionalis); 371. South-western Myotis (Myotis auriculus); 372. Western Small-footed Myotis (Myotis ciliolabrum); 373. Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis (Myotis melanorhinus); 374. Eastern Small-footed Myotis (Myotis leibil); 375. California Myotis (Myotis californicus); 376. Little Brown Myotis (Myotis lucifugus); 377. Keen's Myotis (Myotis keenii); 378. Long-eared Myotis (Myotis evotis); 379. Fringed Myotis (Myotis thysanodes); 380. Arizona Myotis (Myotis occultus); 381. Longlegged Myotis (Myotis volans); 382. Flat-headed Myotis (Myotis planiceps); 383. Indiana Myotis (Myotis sodalis); 384. Cinnamon Myotis (Myotis fortidens); 385. Findley's Myotis (Myotis findley)); 386. Northern Hairy-legged Myotis (Myotis pilosatibialis); 387. Southern Hairy-legged Myotis (Myotis keaysi); 388. Red Myotis (Myotis ruber); 389. Riparian Myotis (Myotis riparius); 390. Velvety Myotis (Myotis simus); 391. Golden Myotis (Myotis midastactus); 392. Elegant Myotis (Myotis elegans); 393. Fish-eating Myotis (Myotis vives). in Vespertilionidae
On following pages: 368. Himalayan Broad-muzzled Bat (Submyotodon caliginosus); 369. Moupin Broad-muzzled Bat (Submyotodon moupinensis); 370. Northern Myotis (Myotis septentrionalis); 371. South-western Myotis (Myotis auriculus); 372. Western Small-footed Myotis (Myotis ciliolabrum); 373. Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis (Myotis melanorhinus); 374. Eastern Small-footed Myotis (Myotis leibil); 375. California Myotis (Myotis californicus); 376. Little Brown Myotis (Myotis lucifugus); 377. Keen's Myotis (Myotis keenii); 378. Long-eared Myotis (Myotis evotis); 379. Fringed Myotis (Myotis thysanodes); 380. Arizona Myotis (Myotis occultus); 381. Longlegged Myotis (Myotis volans); 382. Flat-headed Myotis (Myotis planiceps); 383. Indiana Myotis (Myotis sodalis); 384. Cinnamon Myotis (Myotis fortidens); 385. Findley's Myotis (Myotis findley)); 386. Northern Hairy-legged Myotis (Myotis pilosatibialis); 387. Southern Hairy-legged Myotis (Myotis keaysi); 388. Red Myotis (Myotis ruber); 389. Riparian Myotis (Myotis riparius); 390. Velvety Myotis (Myotis simus); 391. Golden Myotis (Myotis midastactus); 392. Elegant Myotis (Myotis elegans); 393. Fish-eating Myotis (Myotis vives).
Population dynamics of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) at summer roosts: apparent survival, fidelity, abundance, and the influence of winter conditions
<ol> <li>White-nose syndrome (WNS) has caused the death of millions of bats, but the impacts have been more difficult to identify in western North America. Understanding how WNS, or other threats, impact western bats may require monitoring other roosts, such as maternity roosts and night roosts, where bats aggregate in large numbers.</li> <li>Little brown bats (<em>Myotis lucifugus</em>) are experiencing some of the greatest declines from WNS. Estimating survival and understanding population dynamics can provide valuable data for assessing population declines and informing conservation efforts.</li> <li>We conducted a 5-year mark-recapture study of two <em>M. lucifugus</em> roosts in Colorado. We used the robust design model to estimate apparent survival, fidelity, and abundance to understand population dynamics, and environmental covariates to understand how summer and winter weather conditions impact adult female survival. We compared the fidelity and capture probability of <em>M. lucifugus</em> between colonies to understand how bats use such roosts.</li> <li>Overwinter survival increased with the number of days with temperatures below freezing (β > 0.100, SE = 0.003), and decreased with the number of days with snow cover (β < -0.40, SE < 0.13). Adult female fidelity was higher at one maternity roost than the other. Overwinter and oversummer adult female survival were high (>0.90), and based on survival estimates and fungal-swabbing results we believe these populations have yet to experience WNS.</li> <li>Recapture of <em>M. lucifugus</em> using antennas that continuously read passive integrated transponder tags allows rigorous estimation of bat population parameters that can elucidate trends in abundance and changes in survival. Monitoring populations at summer roosts can provide unique population ecology data that monitoring hibernacula alone may not. Because few adult males are captured at maternity colonies, and juvenile males have low fidelity, additional effort should focus on understanding male <em>M. lucifugus </em>population dynamics.</li> </ol>
Data from: Mercury concentrations decline with age in the fur of females of an insectivorous terrestrial mammal (Myotis lucifugus)
<p>Methylmercury (MeHg) is a toxic form of mercury that bioaccumulates in organisms and biomagnifies through food webs. MeHg concentrations can be high in aquatic environments, and this puts high trophic-level predators who derive energy originating from aquatic environments at risk of toxic effects. Due to the potential for bioaccumulation of MeHg over an individual's life, the risk of MeHg toxicity may increase as animals age, and this risk may be especially high in species with relatively high metabolic rates. Total mercury (THg) concentrations were measured from the fur of adult female little brown bats (<em>Myotis</em> <em>lucifugus</em>) collected between 2012–2017 in Salmonier Nature Park, Newfoundland and Labrador. Using linear mixed-effects models, the effects of age, year, and day of capture on THg concentrations were evaluated and interpreted with AICc and multi-model inference. We expected that THg concentrations would increase with age, and that due to annual summer moulting, individuals captured earlier in the season would have lower THg concentrations than individuals captured later in the season. Contrary to expectations, THg concentrations decreased with age, and date of capture did not explain any variation in concentration. Among individuals, there was a negative relationship between the initial THg concentration of an individual and the rate of change in THg concentrations with age. Using a regression analysis, we found evidence of a population-level decline in THg concentrations in fur over the 6-year study period. Overall, the results indicate that adult female bats eliminate enough MeHg from their tissues to affect a decrease in THg concentrations in their fur over time and that young adults are potentially at the greatest risk of experiencing toxic effects from high MeHg concentrations; this could result in reduced reproductive output, and warrants further research.</p>
Data from: Mercury concentrations decline with age in the fur of females of an insectivorous terrestrial mammal (Myotis lucifugus)
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Data from: Genetic structure of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) corresponds with spread of white-nose syndrome among hibernacula
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Data from: Population genetic structure within and among seasonal site types in the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) and the northern long-eared bat (M. septentrionalis)
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Data from: The diet of Myotis lucifugus across Canada: assessing foraging quality and diet variability
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Data from: Eating local: influences of habitat on the diet of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus)
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Data from: Immune responses in hibernating little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) with white-nose syndrome
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Data from: Combinations of reproductive, individual, and weather effects best explain torpor patterns among female little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus)
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Data from: Sex and hibernaculum temperature predict survivorship in white-nose syndrome affected little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus)
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