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32 results for “Nitrogen oxides”
Measurements and model simulations of iodine monoxide (IO) radical, water vapor (H2O), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) radical, formaldehyde (HCHO), gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0), and oxidized mercury (HgII) at Storm Peak Laboratory, Colorado, during April 2022
<p>This dataset was compiled to accompany the manuscript Lee et al., titled "Elevated Tropospheric Iodine over the Central Continental United States: Is Iodine a Major Oxidant of Atmospheric Mercury?", submitted to <em>AGU Geophysical Research Letters</em>.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>file01</strong> contains two example spectral proofs for iodine monoxide (IO) radical measured by the University of Colorado Multi-AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (CU MAX-DOAS) instrument at Storm Peak Laboratory, CO (SPL; 3220 meters above sea level; 40.455 degrees North; 106.745 degrees West) during April 2022.</p> <p><strong>file02</strong> contains oxygen collision-induced absorption (O2-O2) slant column densities (SCDs) measured in a spectral fit window from 350 to 388 nm by the CU MAX-DOAS instrument at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file03</strong> contains O2-O2 SCDs measured in a spectral fit window from 425 to 490 nm by the CU MAX-DOAS instrument at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file04</strong> contains IO SCDs measured in a spectral fit window from 417.5 to 438 nm by the CU MAX-DOAS instrument at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file05</strong> contains water vapor (H2O) SCDs measured in a spectral fit window from 425 to 490 nm by the CU MAX-DOAS instrument at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file06</strong> contains nitrogen dioxide (NO2) radical SCDs measured in a spectral fit window from 425 to 490 nm by the CU MAX-DOAS instrument at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file07</strong> contains formaldehyde (HCHO) SCDs measured in a spectral fit window from 328,5 to 359 nm by the CU MAX-DOAS instrument at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file08</strong> contains the profiles of pressure, temperature, O2-O2, ozone (O3), NO2, and H2O derived from ECMWF CAMS reanalysis (April 2022 at SPL) and used in the radiative transfer model McArtim3 to calculate weighting functions for the trace gas profile inversions of IO, H2O, NO2, and HCHO.</p> <p><strong>file09</strong> contains the a priori profiles used for the IO profile inversions during April 2022 at SPL. One profile assumes a "flat" profile shape with a constant volume mixing ratio of 0.10 pptv throughout the atmosphere. The other profile is adapted from the GEOS-Chem April 2022 daytime (SZA < 85) average.</p> <p><strong>file10</strong> contains the a priori profile used for the H2O profile inversions during April 2022 at SPL. The profile is adapted from the GEOS-Chem April 2022 daytime (SZA < 85) average.</p> <p><strong>file11</strong> contains the a priori profile used for the NO2 profile inversions during April 2022 at SPL. The profile is adapted from the GEOS-Chem April 2022 daytime (SZA < 85) average.</p> <p><strong>file12</strong> contains the a priori profile used for the HCHO profile inversions during April 2022 at SPL. The profile is adapted from the GEOS-Chem April 2022 daytime (SZA < 85) average.</p> <p><strong>file13</strong> contains the IO tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDtrop; surface to 12 km), volume mixing ratios near instrument altitude (VMRinstr), and degrees of freedom (DoF) measured by the CU MAX-DOAS instrument at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file14</strong> contains the H2O VCDtrop, VMRinstr, and DoF measured by the CU MAX-DOAS instrument at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file15</strong> contains the NO2 VCDtrop, VMRinstr, and DoF measured by the CU MAX-DOAS instrument at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file16</strong> contains the HCHO VCDtrop, VMRinstr, and DoF measured by the CU MAX-DOAS instrument at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file17</strong> contains GEOS-Chem simulated temperature, relative humidity, IO VCDtrop & VMRinstr, H2O VCDtrop & VMRinstr, NO2 VCDtrop & VMRinstr, HCHO VCDtrop & VMRinstr, and bromine monoxide (BrO) radical VCDtrop & VMRinstr at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file18</strong> contains the gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0) measured by the Utah State University dual-channel mercury system at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file19</strong> contains the oxidized mercury (HgII) measured by the Utah State University dual-channel mercury system at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file20</strong> contains the GEOS-Chem simulated Hg0 and HgII at SPL from April 1 to April 30, 2022.</p> <p><strong>file21</strong> contains the profiles of pressure, temperature, relative humidity, BrO, bromine atom (Br), methane (CH4), chlorine monoxide (ClO) radical, chlorine atom (Cl), carbon monoxide (CO), Hg0, peroxy radical (HO2), IO, iodine atom (I), NO2, hydroxyl radical (OH), and O3 used as constraints for the gas-phase mercury box model. All profiles except IO and I are adapted from the GEOS-Chem April 2022 daytime (SZA < 85) average. The IO profile was calculated by scaling the GEOS-Chem April 2022 daytime (SZA < 85) average below 12 km by the average observed IO VCDtrop during April 2022. The I atom profile was calculated by multiplying the scaled IO profile by the ratio of unscaled I / unscaled IO profiles from GEOS-Chem.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>file22</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file23</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file24</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file25</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file26</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file27</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file28</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file29</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file30</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file31</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file32</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file33</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file34</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file35</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file36</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file37</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file38</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file39</strong> contains the time-resolved gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>file40</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file41</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file42</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file43</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file44</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file45</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file46</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file47</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file48</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgOH</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file49</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file50</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file51</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at half the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file52</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file53</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file54</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at the same rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file55</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>8 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file56</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>9.5 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p> <p><strong>file57</strong> contains a profile of the gas-phase mercury box model output assuming that <strong>HgI forms at twice the rate as HgBr</strong> and that the Hg-I bond strength is <strong>11 kcal / mol</strong>, using <strong>HgBr</strong> as reference for the B-value in the HgI equilibrium coefficient.</p>
Data in Support of Effects of Urbanization and Forest Fragmentation on Atmospheric Nitrogen Inputs and Ambient Nitrogen Oxide and Ozone Concentrations in Mixed Temperate Forests.
Urban ecosystems around the globe experience greater atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition compared to rural areas and are particularly vulnerable to fragmentation due to land-use change. However, while the influences of urbanization and forest fragmentation on atmospheric inputs to temperate forests have been determined separately, the combined effects of the two changes on temperate forest ecosystems have yet to be assessed. To investigate these combined effects, we deployed throughfall collectors to measure atmospheric N inputs and passive samplers to measure nitrogen oxides (NOx) and ozone (O3) throughout the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons in seven temperate forest sites along an urbanization gradient from Boston to central Massachusetts. We found a positive relationship between the amount of impervious surface area surrounding each site (% ISA) and throughfall nitrate (NO3-) inputs at the forest edge, with urban edge NO3- inputs nearly double the rate at rural edge sites. There were higher rates of NO3- inputs in the rural forest interior than edge sites. Urban sites experienced significantly higher concentrations of NOx and O3 both in the interior and at the edge compared to rural sites. Atmospheric N inputs were significantly elevated in the early (May-July) compared to the late (August-November) growing season and concentrations of NOx and O3 were also elevated in the mid-growing season (June-September). Our results demonstrate that together, urbanization and forest fragmentation lead to greater rates of atmospheric N inputs and ambient pollutant concentrations of NOx and O3 in temperate forests of the northeastern U.S.
Experimental and model data for "Nitrogen oxide production in laser-induced breakdown simulating impacts on the Hadean atmosphere"
<p>This is raw data and supporting figures associated with the publication: Heays, A. N., Kaiserová, T., Rimmer, P. B., Knížek, A., Petera, L., Civiš, S., et al. (2022). Nitrogen oxide production in laser-induced breakdown simulating impacts on the Hadean atmosphere. <em>Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets</em>, 127, e2021JE006842. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JE006842">https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JE006842</a></p> <p>Two data files contain model output of the ARGO atmospheric photochemistry code that was used to generate figures for Sec. 3 of the paper:</p> <ul> <li>ARGO_model_data_neutral_case.txt</li> <li>ARGO_model_data_reducing_case.txt</li> </ul> <p>The following data files contain a tabulation of laboratory-measured and modelled photoabsorption spectra as described in Sec. 2 of the paper. The A-G letter-encoding of these files follows Table 1 of the paper, and the spectral ranges correspond to the strongest bands of NO, N2O, and NO2. </p> <ul> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_A_species_N2O.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_A_species_NO2.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_A_species_NO.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_B_species_N2O.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_B_species_NO2.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_B_species_NO.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_C_species_N2O.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_C_species_NO2.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_C_species_NO.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_D_species_N2O.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_D_species_NO2.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_D_species_NO.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_E_species_N2O.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_E_species_NO2.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_E_species_NO.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_F_species_N2O.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_F_species_NO2.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_F_species_NO.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_G_species_N2O.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_G_species_NO2.txt</li> <li>laboratory_spectrum_experiment_G_species_NO.txt</li> </ul> <p>The following file contains a tabulation of the full-spectral-range laboratory-measured photoabsorption spectrum of experiment A, along with a modelled spectrum.</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/49f05962-9a34-4bbc-855c-1a0976f62531/laboratory_spectrum_experiment_A_full_spectrum.txt?versionId=79a70ade-63d1-4fd7-b423-176e27f8dc37">laboratory_spectrum_experiment_A_full_spectrum.txt </a></li> </ul> <p>The following file contains plots of the experimental spectra for all NxOy species in all measurements as well as the residual error of models fit to these spectra. Additional residual errors of model neglecting NxOy species indicates their contribution to the spectra.</p> <ul> <li>laboratory_spectrum_figures.pdf</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Data from: Differential pulse sensitivity of nitric and nitrous oxide emissions to temperature, carbon, and nitrogen following wetting of desert soils
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Laboratory Assessment of the Impact of Chemical Oxidation, Mineral Dissolution, and Heating on the Nitrogen Isotopic Composition of Fossil-bound Organic Matter
<p>Results of laboratory experiments reported in the manuscript "<em>Laboratory Assessment of the Impact of Chemical Oxidation, Mineral Dissolution, and Heating on the Nitrogen Isotopic Composition of Fossil-bound Organic Matter</em>", published in the journal <em>Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</em></p>
Data for: Precipitation legacies amplify ecosystem nitrogen losses from nitric oxide emissions in a Pinyon-Juniper dryland
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Non linear nitrous oxide response to nitrogen fertilizer at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (2007 to 2008)
Dataset Abstract A compilation of data from John Hoben’s thesis work. Six rates of nitrogen fertilizer (0-225 kg N ha-1) were broadcast and incorporated prior to planting on commercially farmed fields in Michigan at four farms and one experiment station. All sites were planted to corn and studied in 2007 and 2008. Site abbreviations are as follows: Kellogg Biological Station, KB; Mason, MA; Stockbridge, SB; Fairgrove, T1; Reese, T2. Please refer to the thesis (2009) and primary publication (2010) for additional information. Hoben, J. P.; Gehl, R. J.; Millar, N.; Grace, P. R.; Robertson, G. P., Nonlinear nitrous oxide (N2O) response to nitrogen fertilizer in on-farm corn crops of the US Midwest. Global Change Biology 2010, 17(2), 1140-1152. Hoben, J. P. 2009. On-farm nitrous oxide (N2O) response to nitrogen fertilizer in corn cropping systems. MS Thesis, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA. original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/133
Nitrogen isotope fractionation during archaeal ammonia oxidation: coupled estimates from measurements of residual ammonium and accumulated nitrite
<p>The naturally occurring nitrogen (N) isotopes, <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>14</sup>N, exhibit different reaction rates during many microbial N transformation processes, which results in N isotope fractionation. Such isotope effects are critical parameters for interpreting natural stable isotope abundances as proxies for biological process rates in the environment across scales. The kinetic isotope effect of ammonia oxidation (AO) to nitrite (NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>), performed by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), is generally ascribed to the enzyme ammonia monooxygenase (AMO), which catalyzes the first step in this process. However, the kinetic isotope effect of AMO, or ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span>, has been typically determined based on isotope kinetics during product formation (cumulative product, NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) alone, which may have overestimated ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span> due to possible accumulation of chemical intermediates and alternative sinks of ammonia/ammonium (NH<sub>3</sub>/NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>). Here, we analyzed <sup>15</sup>N isotope fractionation during archaeal ammonia oxidation based on both isotopic changes in residual substrate (RS, <span>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup></span>) and cumulative product (CP, NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) pools in pure cultures of the soil strain <i>Nitrososphaera viennensis</i> EN76, and in highly enriched cultures of the marine strain <i>Nitrosopumilus adriaticus</i> NF5, under non-limiting substrate conditions. We obtained ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span> values of 31.9-33.1‰ for both strains based on RS (<span>δ<sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>), and show that </span>estimates based on CP (δ<sup>15</sup>NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) give larger isotope fractionation factors by 6-8‰. Complementary analyses showed that, at the end of the growth period, microbial biomass was <sup>15</sup>N-enriched<span> (10.1</span>‰),<span> whereas </span>nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) was highly <sup>15</sup>N depleted (-38.1‰) relative to the initial substrate. Although we did not determine the isotope effect of <span>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> </span>assimilation (biomass formation) and N<sub>2</sub>O production by AOA, our results nevertheless show that the discrepancy between ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span> estimates based on RS and CP might have derived from incorporation of <sup>15</sup>N-enriched residual NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> after AMO reaction into microbial biomass, and that N<sub>2</sub>O production did not affect isotope fractionation estimates significantly.</p>
Data from: Exotic invasive plants increase productivity, abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, and nitrogen availability in intermountain grasslands
1. Exotic plant invasion is often associated with dramatic increases in above-ground net primary productivity and soil nitrogen. However, most evidence for these increases comes from correlative studies of single species, leaving open the question of whether invasive plants drive these processes and if they are consistent among invaders. 2. We combined field surveys and measurements within experimental plantings to examine how plant productivity, soil nitrogen, and the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) change in response to invasions by four exotic species. 3. The relationship between plant productivity and soil nitrate differed among native and invasive species, suggesting a fundamental disparity in the effects of natives and invaders on ecosystem processes. In field surveys, dense patches of all invasive species had higher abundances of AOB than native-dominated sites. Three of the four invasive species had higher productivity, soil nitrate concentrations, and rates of potential nitrification as compared to nearby native-dominated communities. In our experimental plantings we found that two invasive species drove increases in soil nitrate and one invader caused increased productivity after a single season. 4. Synthesis:Our results highlight the importance of the N-cycling soil microbial community in how exotic invasive plants alter ecosystem function and show that shifts in function can occur rapidly.
Dataset for "Low blank sampling method for measurement of the nitrogen isotopic composition of atmospheric nitrogen oxide "
<p>The final dataset used in the manuscript "Low blank sampling method for measurement of the nitrogen isotopic composition of atmospheric nitrogen oxide<sub> </sub>" by Kamezaki et al. The dataset contains NOx concentration and nitrogen isotopic composition observed at Yoyogi and Tsukuba sites in Japan. Additionally, the data used in the paper are also included. Raw data are available upon request from the author.</p>
Nitrogen addition, rather than altered precipitation, stimulates nitrous oxide emissions in an alpine steppe
<p>Anthropogenic-driven global change, including changes in atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and precipitation patterns, is dramatically altering N cycling in soil. How long-term N deposition, precipitation changes, and their interaction influence nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions remains unknown, especially in the alpine steppes of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). To fill this knowledge gap, a platform of N addition (10 g m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>) and altered precipitation (± 50% precipitation) experiments was established in an alpine steppe of the QTP in 2013. Long-term N addition significantly increased N<sub>2</sub>O emissions. However, neither long-term alterations in precipitation nor the co-occurrence of N addition and altered precipitation significantly affected N<sub>2</sub>O emissions. These unexpected findings indicate that N<sub>2</sub>O emissions are particularly susceptible to N deposition in the alpine steppes. Our results further indicated that both biotic and abiotic properties had significant effects on N<sub>2</sub>O emissions. N<sub>2</sub>O emissions occurred mainly due to nitrification, which was dominated by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, rather than ammonia-oxidizing archaea. Furthermore, the alterations in belowground biomass and soil temperature induced by N addition modulated N<sub>2</sub>O emissions. Overall, this study provides pivotal insights to aid the prediction of future responses of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions to long-term N deposition and precipitation changes in alpine ecosystems. The underlying microbial pathway and key predictors of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions identified in this study may also be used for future global-scale model studies.</p>
The Effects of Atorvastatin on the Nitrogen Oxide-system in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01208701. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Nitrogen isotope fractionation during archaeal ammonia oxidation: coupled estimates from measurements of residual ammonium and accumulated nitrite
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Comparing the impacts of an invasive grass on nitrogen cycling and ammonia-oxidizing Prokaryotes in high-nitrogen forests, open fields, and wetlands
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Data from: Exotic invasive plants increase productivity, abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, and nitrogen availability in intermountain grasslands
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Nitrogen addition, rather than altered precipitation, stimulates nitrous oxide emissions in an alpine steppe
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Dataset and Figure Files for "Evaluating Nitrogen Oxide and α-pinene Oxidation Chemistry: Insights from Oxygen and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes"
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Dataset for paper "Aquacultural source of nitrous oxide revealed by nitrogen isotopes"
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Elevated CO2 and Nitrogen Supply Boost N Use Efficiency and Wheat Growth, and Differentiate Soil Microbial Communities Related to Ammonia-oxidization
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Elevated CO2 and Nitrogen Supply Boost N Use Efficiency and Wheat Growth, and Differentiate Soil Microbial Communities Related to Ammonia-oxidization
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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