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180 results for “Ocean acidification”
Replication Data for: "Ocean acidification increases susceptibility to sub-zero air temperatures in ecosystem engineers and limit poleward range shifts"
<p>These datasets contain all the raw data needed to replicate the results from our paper <em>Ocean acidification increases susceptibility to sub-zero air temperatures in ecosystem engineers and limit poleward range shifts</em> published in eLife - <a href="https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.81080">https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.81080</a></p>
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Water Column: Offshore Ocean Acidification: Water Profiles, CTD, and Chemistry from 2005 to 2012
This data package contains water chemistry measurements taken 2 to 4 times per year at a station 5 km offshore of the north shore of Moorea, French Polynesia. Measurements include standard CTD parameters, phosphate, silicate, total alkalinity (TA) and total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Sampling began in August, 2005. All water samples were collected with Niskin Bottles. This data includes excerpts from CTD data were collected with a SBE19-Plus Seacat Profiler. CTD and bottle samples were taken on separate casts at each station. (For full CTD data refer to knb-lter-mcr.10.) All other parameters were calculated from temperature, pressure, nutrients, TA and DIC with CO2Sys programs available at: http://cdiac.ornl.gov/oceans/co2rprt.html (Lewis E. and D. Wallace Program Developed for CO2 System Calculations) using constants K1, K2 from Mehrbach et al, 1973 refit by Dickson and Millero, 1987, Dickson KHSO4, and the Seawater pH scale (mol/kg-SW). If users wish to use different constants and scales, they will need to recalculate using the emperically collected data (TA and DIC).
Data to accompany "Exploring the Complexity of Ocean Acidification: An Ecosystem Comparison of Coastal pH Variability"
The goal of this project was to create a science lesson at the middle school level with data illustrating the variablilty of pH and temperature in nature. The lesson allows students to interpret pH data and gain knowledge of abiotic and biotic processes that contribute to pH differences between tropical, temperate and polar marine ecosystems. Students use what they have learned to interpret data from a 'mystery' site and develop a hypothesis as to which ecosystem the unknown data was collected from. The full cirriculum is described in Kapsenberg, L, AL Kelley, LA Francis, and SB Raskin (2015) Exploring the complexity of ocean acidification: an ecosystem comparison of coastal pH variability. Science Scope 39(3): 51-60. doi: 10.2505/4/ss15_039_03_51 This dataset contains an Excel workbook with five worksheets: A "Readme" tab with citations for additional reading and data attribution.Three time-series of pH and temperature from coastal locations: a temperate kelp forest in the Santa Barbara Channel (Spring season, 2 months, 20 min interval). a coral reef near the island of Moorea, Tahiti (Summer season, 3 weeks, 30 min interval), and the polar ocean of Cape Evans, McMurdo Bay, Antarctica (Spring/Summer, 6 months, bi-hourly interval). A fourth worksheet contains data for a "mystery site" for student examination. Data for the study were contributed by the Santa Barbara Coastal LTER, Moorea Coral Reef LTER and the G. Hofmann lab (University of California, Santa Barbara). Additional pH data are available from both LTER sites. Antarctic data in this dataset are also available from NSF's Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (see Cape Evans Mooring, 2012).
Datasets associated with Agostini, S., Houlbreque, F., Biscéré, T., Harvey, B. P., Heitzman, J. M., Takimoto, R., et al. (2020). Greater mitochondrial energy production provides resistance to ocean acidification in 'winning' hermatypic corals. Front. Mar. Sci. 7. doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.600836.
<p>Datasets associated with Agostini, S., Houlbreque, F., Biscéré, T., Harvey, B. P., Heitzman, J. M., Takimoto, R., et al. (2020). Greater mitochondrial energy production provides resistance to ocean acidification in ‘winning’ hermatypic corals. Front. Mar. Sci. 7. doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.600836.</p>
FESOM-REcoM model data: Severe 21st-century ocean acidification in Antarctic Marine Protected Areas
<p>This repository contains all post-processed model output used in the paper "Severe 21st-century ocean acidification in Antarctic Marine Protected Areas". It contains the data underlying the figures in the paper, such as regional averages, as well as masks for the marine protected areas and the grid information file of the original model output.</p><p>The data were created using python scripts provided at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10295920">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10295920</a>. </p><p>Original model output, including full fields of computed pH and saturation states with respect to aragonite and calcite, is available at the World Data Center for Climate (WDCC) under the following DOIs:</p><ul><li>simA, historical: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_A_hist_vA_vC">https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_A_hist_vA_vC</a></li><li>simA, ssp126: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_A_s126_vA_vC">https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_A_s126_vA_vC</a></li><li>simA, ssp245: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_A_s245_vA_vC">https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_A_s245_vA_vC</a></li><li>simA, ssp370: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_A_s370_vA_vC">https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_A_s370_vA_vC</a></li><li>simA, ssp585: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_A_s585_vA_vC">https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_A_s585_vA_vC</a></li><li>simB: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_B_1921_cA_cC">https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_B_1921_cA_cC</a></li><li>simC, historical: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_C_hist_vA_cC">https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_C_hist_vA_cC</a></li><li>simC, ssp245: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_C_s245_vA_cC">https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_C_s245_vA_cC</a></li><li>simC, ssp585: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_C_s585_vA_cC">https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_C_s585_vA_cC</a></li><li>simC, historical: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_D_hist_cA_vC">https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_D_hist_cA_vC</a></li><li>simC, ssp585: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_D_s585_cA_vC">https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/FESOM14-REcoM2_D_s585_cA_vC</a></li></ul><p> </p>
CCE LTER P1908 Upwelling Filament Ocean Acidification Phytoplankton Iron Incubation Experiments
<p>Metatranscriptome assembly, read counts, and annotations from four sets of trace metal clean ocean acidification experimeints in the California Current Ecosystem. Experiments were conducted during August 2019 as part of the CCE LTER program. Samples were collected at the initial time point (T0), and three pCO<sub>2</sub> treatments (400, 800, and 1200 ppm) with two time points for each experiment. </p> <p>Poly-A selected mRNA was sequenced on an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and then assembled with Trinity for each separate experiment. Proteins from the assembly were then predicted with Genemark S-T. Taxonomic annotation was performed with DIAMOND BLASTP searches against PhyloDB v1.076 and based on the Lineage Proability Index from the top hits. Functional annotation was similarly performed using KEGG with KEGG Orthology annotation based on KofamKOALA results. Read quantification was conducted with Bowtie2. </p> <p>Predicted proteins from each assembly is provided in fasta format. The read counts and annotations for each experiment are in tab-delimited files. </p>
Supplementary material for "Increased sensitivity of marine invertebrates to metal toxicity in the past two decades linked to Climate Change and Ocean Acidification: revelations from a natural population of sea urchins in the Mediterranean Sea." by "Davide Sartori, Guido Scatena, Cristina Vrinceanu, Andrea Gaion".
<p>Satellite observations of environmental factors and effect concentration 50 for copper to sea urchin, from 2003 to 2022.</p>
Heterogeneous environmental seascape across a biogeographic break influences the thermal physiology and tolerances to ocean acidification in an ecosystem engineer
<p>Dataset for the metabolic rates of limpets under two different pCO2/pH conditions</p> <p>MR are in O2 mg h−1g−1</p>
Ocean acidification induces distinct transcriptomic responses across life history stages of the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma
Ocean acidification (OA) from seawater uptake of rising carbon dioxide emissions impairs development in marine invertebrates, particularly in calcifying species. Plasticity in gene expression is thought to mediate many of these physiological effects, but how these responses change across life history stages remains unclear. The abbreviated lecithotrophic development of the sea urchin <i>Heliocidaris erythrogramma</i> provides a valuable opportunity to analyze gene expression responses across a wide range of life history stages, including the benthic, post-metamorphic juvenile. We measured the transcriptional response to OA in <i>H. erythrogramma</i> at three stages of the life cycle (embryo, larva, and juvenile) in a controlled breeding design. The results reveal a broad range of strikingly stage-specific impacts of OA on transcription, including changes in the number and identity of affected genes; the magnitude, sign, and variance of their expression response; and the developmental trajectory of expression. The impact of OA on transcription was notably modest in relation to gene expression changes during unperturbed development and dwarfed by genetic contributions from parentage. The latter result suggests that natural populations may provide an extensive genetic reservoir of resilience to OA. Taken together, these results highlight the complexity of the molecular response to OA, its substantial life history stage specificity, and the importance of contextualizing the transcriptional response to pH stress in light of normal development and standing genetic variation to better understand the capacity for marine invertebrates to adapt to OA.
Magnitude and predictability of pH fluctuations shape plastic responses to ocean acidification
<p>Phenotypic plasticity is expected to facilitate the persistence of natural populations as global change progresses. The attributes of fluctuating environments that favor the evolution of plasticity have received extensive theoretical investigation, yet empirical validation of these findings is still in its infancy. Here, we combine high-resolution environmental data with a laboratory-based experiment to explore the influence of habitat pH fluctuation dynamics on the plasticity of gene expression in two populations of the Mediterranean mussel, <i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i>. We linked differences in the magnitude and predictability of pH fluctuations in two habitats to population-specific gene expression profiles in ambient and stressful pH treatments. The results presented demonstrate population-based differentiation in gene expression plasticity, whereby mussels native to a habitat exhibiting a large magnitude of pH fluctuations with low predictability display reduced phenotypic plasticity between experimentally imposed pH treatments. This work validates recent theoretical findings on evolution in fluctuating environments using an ecologically important marine bivalve, and suggests that populations inhabiting regions exposed to unpredictably fluctuating selection pressures may exhibit reduced plasticity as global change progresses.</p>
Within- and transgenerational stress legacy effects of ocean acidification on red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) growth and survival
<p>Understanding the mechanisms by which individual organisms respond and populations adapt to global climate change is a critical challenge. The role of plasticity and acclimation, within and across generations, may be essential given the pace of change. We investigated plasticity across generations and life stages in response to ocean acidification (OA), which poses a growing threat to both wild populations and the sustainable aquaculture of shellfish. Most studies of OA on shellfish focus on acute effects, and less is known regarding the longer-term carryover effects that may manifest within or across generations. We assessed these longer-term effects in red abalone (<em>Haliotis</em> <em>rufescens</em>) using a multi-generational split-brood experiment. We spawned adults raised in ambient conditions to create offspring that we then exposed to high pCO<sub>2</sub> (1,180 μatm; simulating OA) or low pCO<sub>2</sub> (450 μatm; control or ambient conditions) during the first three months of life. We then allowed these animals to reach maturity in ambient common garden conditions for four years before returning the adults into high or low pCO<sub>2</sub> treatments for 11 months and measuring growth and reproductive potential. Early-life exposure to OA in the F1 generation decreased adult growth rate, even after 5 years, especially when abalone were re-exposed to OA as adults. Adult, but not early-life exposure, to OA negatively impacted fecundity. We then exposed the F2 offspring to high or low pCO<sub>2</sub> treatments for the first three months of life in a fully factorial, split-brood design. We found negative transgenerational effects of parental OA exposure on survival and growth of F2 offspring, in addition to significant direct effects of OA on F2 survival. These results show that the negative impacts of OA can last within and across generations, but that buffering against OA conditions at critical life-history windows can mitigate these effects.</p>
Meta-analysis suggests variable, but pCO2-specific, effects of ocean acidification on crustacean biomaterials
Crustaceans comprise an ecologically and morphologically diverse taxonomic group. They are typically considered resilient to many environmental perturbations found in marine and coastal environments, due to effective physiological regulation of ions and hemolymph pH, and a robust exoskeleton. Ocean acidification can affect the ability of marine calcifying organisms to build and maintain mineralized tissue and poses a threat for all marine calcifying taxa. Currently, there is no consensus on how ocean acidification will alter the ecologically-relevant exoskeletal properties of crustaceans. Here, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of ocean acidification on the crustacean exoskeleton, assessing both exoskeletal ion content (calcium and magnesium) and functional properties (biomechanical resistance and cuticle thickness). Our results suggest that the effect of ocean acidification on crustacean exoskeletal properties varies based upon seawater <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and species identity, with significant levels of heterogeneity for all analyses. Calcium and magnesium content were significantly lower in animals held at <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> levels of 1500-1999 μatm as compared to those under ambient <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>. At lower <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> levels, however, statistically significant relationships between changes in calcium and magnesium content within the same experiment were observed: a negative relationship between calcium and magnesium content at <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> of 500-999 μatm and a positive relationship at 1000-1499 μatm. Exoskeleton biomechanics, such as resistance to deformation (microhardness) and shell strength, also significantly decreased under <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> regimes of 500-999 μatm and 1500-1999 μatm, indicating functional exoskeletal change coincident with decreases in calcification. Overall, these results suggest that the crustacean exoskeleton can be susceptible to ocean acidification at the biomechanical level, potentially predicated on changes in ion content, when exposed to high influxes of CO<sub>2</sub>. Future studies will need to accommodate the high variability of crustacean responses to ocean acidification, as well as ecologically-relevant ranges of <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> conditions, when designing experiments with conservation-level endpoints. --
Fig. 5 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract
Fig. 5: Temporal evolution of the coverage percentage of the epiphytic assemblages (June, August, and October) at the studied stations.
Fig. 6 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract
Fig. 6: Non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) plot of the epiphytic assemblages: a) June (stress = 0.16); b) August (stress = 0.15); c) October (stress = 0.12); d) three months plotted together (stress = 0.25) to highlight the evolution of the community over time. Circles indicate N3, empty triangles indicate Vu3; inverse filled triangles indicate Vu6; quadrats identify the control (NC). Colors indicate sampling month: black = June; dark gray = August; and light gray = October.
Fig. 1 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract
Fig. 1: Map of the study area (Ischia, Italy) showing the locations of stations (N3, Vu3, Vu6, and the control). The table reports on the right corner which of the vent systems the station belongs to, the station's identification code (ID), the depth, and the mean ± SD of pH measured.
Fig. 3 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract
Fig. 3: Percentage of leaves showing different types of leaf apex erosion (intact, mechanical, and biological) over time at the studied stations. At least 30 of the oldest leaves were examined at each month and station.
Fig. 4 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract
Fig. 4: Percentage of different types of biological apex erosion (Sarpa salpa, sea urchins, and crustaceans) during time at the studied stations and considering only the leaves showing biological erosion.
Fig. 2 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract
Fig. 2: Temporal variation in Posidonia oceanica morphological features at the studied stations: mean shoot density (a), mean number of leaves per shoot (b), and mean leaf length (c) and width (d). Bars represent the standard deviation. Gray colors indicate low pH conditions: N3 (pH 7.21 ± 0.34), Vu3, and Vu6 (pH 7.26 ± 0.48); and white indicates the control station (NC; pH 8.00 ± 0.08). Asterisks highlight features that show significant differences according to pH conditions.
Model fields supporting the publication "Integrated Assessment of the Risks to Ocean Acidification in the Northern High Latitudes: Regional Comparison of Exposure, Sensitivity and Adaptive Capacity of Pelagic Calcifiers"
<p>These are the model outputs supporting the described manuscript. They include monthly averaged output of aragonite saturation state for each year during the 10-year hindcast. Also included is the particle tracking output, for both the Bering Sea and the Gulf of Alaska, as described in the manuscript.</p>
Selection on offspring size and contemporary evolution under ocean acidification
<p>Ocean acidification may have deleterious effects on many species, but anticipating long-term changes in the abundance of populations will require an understanding of ocean acidification as an evolutionary force. Here I show that ocean acidification alters natural selection on offspring size and is likely to drive contemporary evolution. In a detailed study of a coastal fish species (California Grunion), I demonstrate that larval mortality is highly sensitive to ocean acidification and that mortality rates are lower for larger larvae. However, these effects are countered by tradeoffs between offspring size and number, suggesting that measurements of <a>maternal </a>fitness are critical for quantifying selection through ocean acidification. Measurements of selection and genetic variation were used to project the evolution of larval size as seawater conditions changed incrementally over many decades. Results for California Grunion suggest that contemporary evolution may offset the projected decline in reproductive success by about 50%.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.