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11 results for “P availability”
A time series database of available P concentrations and grass growth in soils receiving DPW fertilizers
<p>This data set contains a time-series database of available and exchangeable P concentrations and grass dry matter yield in soils receiving struvites and hydrochar produced from DPS</p>
Data for 'Nitrogen Availability and Summer Drought, but not N:P Imbalance, Drive Carbon Use Efficiency of a Mediterranean Tree-Grass Ecosystem
<p>These are flux, meteorology, phenological transition dates and a NDVI timeseries for the Majadas del Tietar 'MANIP' experimental site between 2014 and 2020. </p> <p>These data were used for the manuscript:</p> <p>Nair et al. <span>Nitrogen Availability and Summer Drought, but not N:P Imbalance, Drive Carbon Use Efficiency of a Mediterranean Tree-Grass Ecosystem submitted to Global Change Biology. <br></span></p> <p><span>In this repository we provide partially processed data to reproduce the analysis in our manuscript.<br>Raw images and half-hourly flux data are available at the following locations:</span></p> <p><span>Phenocam Imagery: the Phenocam network (https://phenocam.nau.edu/webcam/, sites - CT: eslma, NT: eslma1, NPT: eslma2).<br></span><span>Flux and meteo: the European Flux Database (https://www.europe-fluxdata.eu/, sites - CT: ES-LMa, NT: ES-LM1, NPT: ES-LM2). <br></span><span>Satellite NDVI: Sentinel-2A and 2B data available at https://dataspace.copernicus.eu/.</span></p>
Effects of increasing phosphorus rate on microbial dynamics and soil available P under a Lixisol soil in Zimbabwe
<p> Soil phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major challenge to the attainment of food security in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa, including Zimbabwe, where farmers largely depend on local organic nutrient resources in cropping. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the influence of increasing inorganic P fertilizer rates (16, 26 and 36 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup>) on microbial dynamics, soil P pools and maize P uptake. using soils collected from a long-term (16 seasons) maize-monocropped field experiment where organic nutrient resources of different qualty namely <em>Crotalaria juncea</em> (high quality), <em>Calliandra Calothyrus</em> (medium quality), cattle manure ( variable quality), maize stover and <em>Pinus patula</em> sawdust ( both low quality) were applied at 4 t C ha<sup>-1</sup> with 16 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup> at the start of every season, a 3 x 6 factorial experiment was established by adding single super phosphate (8.5% P) as a basal fertilizer. Maize was used as the test crop and the experiment was conducted at Soil Productivity Research Laboratory in Zimbabwe. Using Pokovskays agar medium and serial dilution methods, phsophate-solubilizing microbes were monitored forthnightly from day 1 to 57 after maize planting. Ninetten (19) fungal and forty-two (42) bacterial colonies were identified over the study period, Fungi dominated bacteria on dayone, wth <em>Aspergillus niger</em> showing 20-98% abundance that depended on organic resources quality. Overall, a microbial explosion bulge characterized sucession on day 29 which coincided with a significant (P< 0.05) increase in diversity (H') and soil available P. Increasing P rate to 26 kg ha<sup>-1 </sup>amplified the explosion bulge under medium-high quality resources while under the control the bulge emerged earlier on day 15. <em>Mucor</em> and <em>Bacillus</em> had peak abundance on day 43 and 57, respectively, across treatments regardless of P rates. Treatment and P rate had a significant (P< 0.01) effect on microbial P. Bacteria were more rsponsive to added P than fungi. Increasing P to 36 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup> also stimulated an earlier bulge under maize stover on day 15. Addition of P alone, without supplying complementary nutrients such as nitrogen,did not have a positive effect on maize P uptake. Farmers need to co-apply medium-high quality organic resources with high fertilzier P rates to increase microbial diversity, soil available P and maize growth on sandy soils (Lixisols). Our results suggest the need to recondiser existing P fertilizer recommendations, currently pegged at between 26 and 30 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup>, for maize production on sandy soils as well develop new fertilizer formulations to intensify crop production in Zimbabwe.</p> <p> </p>
Plant trait responses to variation in N and P availability
<ol> <li><span>Global change drivers such as eutrophication and plant invasions will create novel environments for many plant species. Through adaptive trait plasticity plants may maintain their performance under these novel conditions and may outcompete those showing low adaptive trait plasticity. In a greenhouse study, we determined if plasticity in traits is adaptive or maladaptive in endangered, non-endangered and invasive plant species in response to variation of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability (N:P ratios 1.7, 15 and 135) and whether plastic trait responses are adaptive and/or costly for fitness (i.e. biomass). </span></li> <li><span>Species choice comprised 17 species from three functional groups (legumes, non-legume forbs and grasses), either classified as endangered, non-endangered or invasive. After two months plants were harvested and nine traits related to carbon assimilation and nutrient uptake were measured (leaf area, SLA, LDMC, SPAD, RMR, root length, SRL, root surface area and PME activity).</span></li> <li> <span>We found more traits responding plastically to variation in P than in N. Plasticity only created costs when P was varied. Plasticity in traits was mostly adaptively neutral towards fitness, with plasticity in three traits being similarly adaptive across all species groups: SPAD (as a measure of chlorophyll content, adaptive to N and P limitation), leaf area and root surface area (adaptive to P limitation). We found little differences in trait plasticity between endangered, non-endangered and invasive species.</span> </li> <li> <em><span>Synthesis</span></em><span>. Along a gradient from N limitation, balanced N:P supply and P limitation we found that the type of fluctuating nutrient (i.e. if N or P is varied) is decisive for the adaptive value of a trait. Variation in P availability (from balanced supply to P limitation) created both a stronger reduction in fitness as well as created plasticity costs in more traits than variation in N availability (from balanced supply to N limitation). However, the patterns observed in our study may change if nutrient availability is altered, either by nutrient inputs or by a shift in nutrient availabilities, e.g. by decreasing N input as foreseen by European Legislation, but without simultaneously decreasing P input. </span> </li> </ol>
Plant trait responses to variation in N and P availability
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The first comprehensive revision of all the species attributed to Melomys led J. I. Menzies in 1996 to resurrect the genus Paramelomys and to redefine its morphologicallimits and species content. Menzies created P. gressitti as a new species belonging to a group displaying morphological similarities and including also P. lorentzii and P. moncktoni. Monotypic Distribution. E New Guinea. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-162 mm, hindfoot 30-34 mm; no specific data are available for body weight. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is a medium-sized Paramelomys with a soft, thick and woolly pelage, a long narrow foot, and a tail with three hairs per scale. It exhibits a medium-sepia dorsal pelage and a gray-buff ventral one. Tail is slightly shorter (99%) than head-body length. The skull has a narrow zygomatic plate. Habitat. Moist tropical mountain forest between 2300 m and 2400 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List owing to its small geographic range (less than 3500 km?*) and the destruction ofits habitat by mining and logging activities. The major threat to Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is ongoing habitat degradation caused by nearby human populations; habitat on Mount Kandy has been destroyed by gold-miners and wood-cutters. Bibliography. Menzies (1996). in Muridae
The first comprehensive revision of all the species attributed to Melomys led J. I. Menzies in 1996 to resurrect the genus Paramelomys and to redefine its morphologicallimits and species content. Menzies created P. gressitti as a new species belonging to a group displaying morphological similarities and including also P. lorentzii and P. moncktoni. Monotypic Distribution. E New Guinea. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-162 mm, hindfoot 30-34 mm; no specific data are available for body weight. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is a medium-sized Paramelomys with a soft, thick and woolly pelage, a long narrow foot, and a tail with three hairs per scale. It exhibits a medium-sepia dorsal pelage and a gray-buff ventral one. Tail is slightly shorter (99%) than head-body length. The skull has a narrow zygomatic plate. Habitat. Moist tropical mountain forest between 2300 m and 2400 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List owing to its small geographic range (less than 3500 km?*) and the destruction ofits habitat by mining and logging activities. The major threat to Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is ongoing habitat degradation caused by nearby human populations; habitat on Mount Kandy has been destroyed by gold-miners and wood-cutters. Bibliography. Menzies (1996).
Covariations and tradeoffs of phosphorus (P) acquisition strategies in dioecious Populus euphratica as affected by soil water availability
<p>1. Dioecious species may be particularly vulnerable to climate change because they often exhibit skewed sex ratios that are reinforced by the physiological and biological specialization of each sex to specific microhabitats. Yet, it is unclear how differences in functional traits between female and male plants lead to sex-specific responses to drought and whether these responses are associated with phosphorus (P) acquisition diverge or converge.</p> <p>2. Here, we measured the morphological and physiological traits of roots, and the functional microorganisms related to P acquisition in <em>Populus euphratica</em> females and males in the rhizosphere under different water availability.</p> <p>3. The specific root length of females was greater than that of males, regardless of soil water availability. Therefore, the P concentration of females was significantly higher than that of males under well-watered conditions. In contrast, the physiological adjustment to drought showed distinct sexual patterns: males significantly increased the foliar manganese concentration and maintained higher acid phosphatase activities in the rhizosphere. Moreover, the arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal biomass was reduced less in males than in females under water deficiency. Soil water shortage also decreased the α diversity of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and changed the co-occurrence network in the rhizosphere of females, but it had little effect on males. Therefore, the favorable physiological processes and effective maintenance of functional microbial homeostasis in the rhizosphere were the reasons that enabled males to reduce P loss in leaves under water deficiency.</p> <p>4. Our study indicated that, within<em> P. euphratica</em> populations, covariations and tradeoffs simultaneously occurred among the three groups (root morphology, physiology, and functional microorganisms) of functional traits evaluated. More generally, the assessment of variations in sex-specific P acquisition strategies may help to understand the causes of sex ratio bias and how <em>P. euphratica</em> males and females mitigate resource shortage.</p>
The full results (including p-values, tests statistics, and degrees of freedom where appropriate) are available as supplementary material for inspection.
<p>The full results (including <em>p</em>-values, tests statistics, and degrees of freedom where appropriate) are available as supplementary material for inspection.</p>
Covariations and tradeoffs of phosphorus (P) acquisition strategies in dioecious Populus euphratica as affected by soil water availability
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Data from: Plant traits and species interactions along gradients of N, P and K availabilities
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Data from: Effects of increased N and P availability on biomass allocation and root carbohydrate reserves differ between N‐fixing and non‐N‐fixing savanna tree seedlings
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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