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FIG. 2 in On the morphology of the astragalus and calcaneus of the amphicyonids (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Europe: implications for the ecology of the European bear-dogs

FIG. 2. — Tarsal bones of Cynodictis lacustris from Aubrelong (France; Rupelian, MP21): A-E, MNHN.F.Au994, left astragalus (reversed views); A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view; D, distal view; E, proximal view; F-J, MNHN.F.Au2044, right calcaneus; F, dorsal view; G, lateral view; H, medial view; I, distal view; J, proximal view. Abbreviations: cf, cuboid facet; ef, ectal facet; f, foramen; ff, fibular facet; h, head; ll, lateral lip; lp, lateral process; lpt, lateral process of tuber; ml, medial lip; mpt, medial process of tuber; n, neck; ppt, proximal plantar tuberosity; plt, plantar tubercle; pp, peroneal process; ptg, plantar tendon groove; sf, sustentacular facet; sg, sagittal groove; sit, sinus of the tarsus; st, sustentaculum tali; tc, tuber calcanei; tr, trochlea. Scale bar: 1 cm.

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APPENDIX 1 in On the morphology of the astragalus and calcaneus of the amphicyonids (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Europe: implications for the ecology of the European bear-dogs

APPENDIX 1. — Measurements, in mm, of astragali used for the estimation of body mass. For each morphotype, only the values of the smallest and biggest specimens are provided.

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FIG. 4 in On the morphology of the astragalus and calcaneus of the amphicyonids (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Europe: implications for the ecology of the European bear-dogs

FIG. 4. — Calcanei of undetermined amphicyonids from the Quercy (France; Priabonian-Chattian, MP18-MP30): A-E, Morphotype A, MNHN.F.Qu9845, left calcaneus (reversed views): A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, medial view; D, distal view; E, proximal view; F-J, Morphotype B, KUL.PLV1542_28, left calcaneus (reversed views); F, dorsal view; G, lateral view; H, medial view; I, distal view; J, proximal view; K-O, Morphotype C, KUL.PLV1542_29, left calcaneus (reversed views): K, dorsal view; L, lateral view; M, medial view; N, distal view; O, proximal view. Abbreviations: cf, cuboid facet; ef, ectal facet; lpt, lateral process of tuber; mpt, medial process of tuber; pp, peroneal process; plt, plantar tubercle; ptg, tendinous plantar groove; sg, sagittal groove; sf, sustentacular facet; st, sustentaculum tali; tc, tuber calcanei. Scale bar: 1 cm.

FIG. 5 in Biostratigraphy and Diversity of Paleogene Perissodactyls from the Erlian Basin of Inner Mongolia, China

FIG. 5. Paleogene outcrops on the Houldjin escarpment and Wulanhuxiu (= Chimney Butte, 8 mi north of the Tukhum Lamasery): A, the yellow and gray, pebbly gravels of the Houldjin Formation on the Houldjin escarpment near the Erenhot Railway Station; B, the outcrops at Wulanhuxiu, showing a steep, upper "red member" and a gradual, lower "white member."

FIG. 4 in Biostratigraphy and Diversity of Paleogene Perissodactyls from the Erlian Basin of Inner Mongolia, China

FIG. 4. Stratigraphic distributions of perissodactyl fossils and taxa in the Tukhum, Shara Murun, Ulan Gochu, and Baron Sog formations at Baron Sog Mesa. The profile of the section is based on the sketch at Xilin Nor North (= 4 mi north of Baron Sog Mesa) (Granger, 1925, see also Wang et al., 2012, fig. 2A). The superscripts in front of taxon names indicate the localities of the holotypes: numbers 1, and 2 refer to Ula Usu and 4 mi north of Baron Sog Mesa, respectively. Abbreviations: BS, Baron Sog Formation; Hyra., Hyracodontidae; P., Paraceratheriidae; T, Tukhum Formation; and UG, Ulan Gochu Formation.

FIG. 2 in Biostratigraphy and Diversity of Paleogene Perissodactyls from the Erlian Basin of Inner Mongolia, China

FIG. 2. Cranial and mandibular reconstructions of typical Eocene perissodactyls from the Erlian Basin of Inner Mongolia, China. tapiroid A, Lophialetes expeditus; B, Paracolodon fissus; paraceratheriid C, Pappaceras meiomenus; D, Juxia sharamurenensis; amynodontid E, Rostriamynodon grangeri; F, Sharamynodon mongoliensis; brontotheriid G, Protitan grangeri; H, Embolotherium andrewsi. Scale bar equals 10 cm.

FIG. 1 in Biostratigraphy and Diversity of Paleogene Perissodactyls from the Erlian Basin of Inner Mongolia, China

FIG. 1. Paleogene fossil localities in the Erlian Basin of Inner Mongolia, China, and the related routes of Central Asiatic Expeditions during 1920s (modified from Jiang, 1983; Mao and Wang, 2012; Wang et al., 2012). 1, Houldjin; 2, Arshanto; 3, Irdin Manha; 4, Daoteyin Obo (= Overnight Camp, 5 mi east of Camp Margetts); 5, Duheminboerhe (= Camp Margettes); 6, Nuhetingboerhe (= 6 mi west of Camp Margetts); 7, Wulanboerhe; 8, Huheboerhe (= 7 mi west and southwest [235°] of Camp Margetts); 9, Chaganboerhe (= 10 mi southwest of Camp Margetts); 10, Bayan Ulan; 11, Nom Khong (= Holy Mesa); 12, Wulantaolegai (= Viper Camp, 4 mi north of Tukhum Lamasery); 13, Wulanhuxiu (= Chimney Buttes, 8 mi north of Tukhum Lamasery); 14, Erden Obo (= Urtyn Obo); 15, Ganggan Obo (= Ulan Shireh Obo); 16, Heretu (= Spring Camp); 17, Bayan Obo (= Twin Obos); 18, Jhama Obo; 19, Xilin Nor North (= 4 mi north of Baron Sog Lamasery); 20, Ulan Gochu (= 8 mi north of Baron Sog Lamasery); 21, Ula Usu. The black-and-white dashed line represents railway.

FIG. 7 in Biostratigraphy and Diversity of Paleogene Perissodactyls from the Erlian Basin of Inner Mongolia, China

FIG. 7. Paleogene outcrops in the Shara Murun region: A, the outcrops at Ula Usu, where the Shara Murun Formation was named, showing an upper member dominated by white sandstones and a lower member dominated by sandy clays with varied colors; B, the outcrops at Xilin Nor North (= 4 mi north of Baron Sog Lamasery), showing the red clays of the Ulan Gochu Formation overlying the grayish white sandstones of the upper part of the Shara Murun Formation.

FIG. 6 in Biostratigraphy and Diversity of Paleogene Perissodactyls from the Erlian Basin of Inner Mongolia, China

FIG. 6. Sketch profile from Wulanhuxiu (= Chimney Butte, 8 mi north of Tukhum Lamasery) at North Mesa (Granger, 1928: 6). The layers 3–5 are grouped into an upper "red member", and the layers 6–14 are grouped into a lower "white member."

FIG. 9 in Biostratigraphy and Diversity of Paleogene Perissodactyls from the Erlian Basin of Inner Mongolia, China

FIG. 9. Paleogene outcrops at Erden Obo: A, the outcrops of the "Lower Red," "Lower White," and "Middle Red." The lower-right part of the photo is mainly the "Lower White," which overlies the "Lower Red" and is overlain by the "Middle Red" as shown by the hill, far left; B, the outcrops of the "Middle Red," "Middle White," "Upper Red," and "Upper White." The lower-right part of the photo is mainly the basal part of the "Upper Red," which overlies the "Middle White" and is overlain by the "Upper White (or yellow)." The top of the "Upper White" forms the Gobi surface.

FIG. 10 in Biostratigraphy and Diversity of Paleogene Perissodactyls from the Erlian Basin of Inner Mongolia, China

FIG. 10. Stratigraphic distributions of perissodactyl fossils and taxa from Erden Obo. The profile of section is based on the sketch by Granger (1928) and modified from Li (2017). The asterisks in front of taxa indicate where the holotype occurred in the section. Abbreviations: Amyno., Amynodontidae; BR, Basal Red; BW, Basal White; Chali., Chalicotherioidea; LR, Lower Red; MW, Middle White; and UW, Upper White.

FIGURE 2 in New Paleogene Notohippids and Leontiniids (Toxodontia; Notoungulata; Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna of the Andean Main Range, Central Chile

FIGURE 2. Left and right mandibles of holotype of Eomorphippus neilopdykei, SGOPV 2855, preserving Ri1–3, p2–m3 (m3 inadvertently trimmed during preparation), Li1-3, p2–m1, in A, occlusal and B, ventral views. Note hypsodonty of incisors.

FIGURE 1 in New Paleogene Notohippids and Leontiniids (Toxodontia; Notoungulata; Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna of the Andean Main Range, Central Chile

FIGURE 1. Photographs of cast, and line drawings of holotype of Eomorphippus bondi, SGOPV 3046, a partial skull bearing left I1–3, C, P3–M3 and right I1–3, P3, M1–3, in A, left lateral, B, C, occlusal, and D, anterior views (opposite page). Horizontal ridge in anterior view is a seam from the two-piece mold. Note hypsodonty of the incisors and narrowness of molars. Paratype of Eomorphippus bondi, SGOPV 2891, showing partial left lower dentition including i1–3 and p2–m3, in E, occlusal and F, labial views (above; photograph of cast).

FIGURE 5 in New Paleogene Notohippids and Leontiniids (Toxodontia; Notoungulata; Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna of the Andean Main Range, Central Chile

FIGURE 5. Holotype of Termashippus flacoensis SGOPV 2987 (cast), right maxillary fragment bearing P2–M3 in A, labial, B, occlusal, and C, lingual views. The specimen was inadvertently sliced by a rock saw prior to preparation; the ~2 mm wide gap in the specimen is indicated by dimples (A) and thin line (B, C).

FIGURE 8 in New Paleogene Notohippids and Leontiniids (Toxodontia; Notoungulata; Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna of the Andean Main Range, Central Chile

FIGURE 8. Partial left mandibular fragment of Termashippus flacoi SGOPV 2996 (cast), bearing probable m1–2 in A, occlusal and B, lingual views.

FIGURE 3. SGOPV 2991 in New Paleogene Notohippids and Leontiniids (Toxodontia; Notoungulata; Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna of the Andean Main Range, Central Chile

FIGURE 3. SGOPV 2991, fragmentary right maxilla of Rosendo pascuali preserving P2 through the anterior half of M1 and slivers of an erupting M3 in A, labial and D, occlusal views. SGOPV 3096, isolated left m3 (photographically reversed) in B, labial and F, occlusal views. AMNH 29474, holotype of Rosendo pascuali, right mandible with i3–m3 in C, labial and E, occlusal views (from Simpson, 1967). SGOPV 3051, fragmentary left mandible of Rosendo pascuali preserving p3–m1 plus erupting m2 in G, labial, H, lingual, and I, occlusal views (opposite page).

FIGURE 7 in New Paleogene Notohippids and Leontiniids (Toxodontia; Notoungulata; Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna of the Andean Main Range, Central Chile

FIGURE 7. Three little to unworn right upper cheekteeth tentatively referred to Termashippus flacoensis SGOPV 3008 (cast), probably dP2–4, in A, labial, B, occlusal, and C, lingual views.

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Fig. 4 in A new coleopterous family Wabbelidae fam. nov. (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea) from Baltic amber (Cenozoic, Paleogene, Eocene)

Fig. 4. Wabbel cerebricavus gen. et sp. nov.: A - Abdomen, thorax and head ventrally; B - Meso-, metathorax and abdomen (schematically).

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Figure 28 in Paleogene marine bivalves of the deep-water Keasey Formation in Oregon, Part II: The pteriomorphs

Figure 28. Plicacesta bela (Dickerson, 1917). A, B. Gries Ranch Formation hypotype UCMP 110743, length 8.4 cm. A. Left valve exterior calcitic layer, B. Left valve interior with calcitic layer (white) and interior portion of aragonitic layer (gray). C. Lincoln Creek Formation hypotype UCMP 32405. Right valve exterior, length 8.4 cm.