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10 results for “Ph.D thesis”
Data from: Effects of fire regime on the population genetics of natural pine stands, in Genetic structure of forest trees in biodiversity hotspots at different spatial scales (Ph.D. thesis).
The recurrence of wildfires is predicted to increase worldwide due to climate change, resulting in severe impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We used simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to examine the effects of fire regime on genetic diversity, demographic history and fine-scale spatial genetic structure (SGS) of Pinus pinaster and P. halepensis, two conifers with similar adaptations to fire in the eastern Iberian Peninsula. Stands growing under high (HiFi) or low (LoFi) frequency of crown fires had similar levels of genetic diversity and similar demographic history, with bottlenecks detected in all stands in both species. HiFi populations were not genetically depleted, suggesting that adaptations such as a diverse canopy seed bank due to serotinous cones, an early age of first flowering and high gene flow buffer against possible reductions of genetic diversity. Significantly stronger SGS at SNPs in HiFi than LoFi stands of P. halepensis suggested fire-related altered dispersal possibly combined with microenvironmental selection in this fire-sensitive "seeder" species. In contrast, SGS at SNP markers was unrelated to fire regime in P. pinaster. This could be a consequence of more pronounced fire-resistance in this species enabling some adults to survive fire, hence causing a lower dependence on post-fire regeneration. Our results highlight that the impact of fire differs in species with similar life-history traits. Therefore, species-specific studies are needed to understand the role of wildfires for the evolution of future forests
Supplementary Videos for Ph.D. Thesis
<p>Supplementary Videos for Ph.D. Thesis</p>
Data from: Effects of fire regime on the population genetics of natural pine stands, in Genetic structure of forest trees in biodiversity hotspots at different spatial scales (Ph.D. thesis).
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Supplementary Material for Ph.D. thesis: "Development of a data-intensive centralized system for surveillance and outbreak investigation of bacterial pathogens using whole-genome sequencing""
<p>Supplementary material for Ph.D. thesis.</p>
Data from: Genetic diversity of the endemic Canary Island pine tree, Pinus canariensis (Ph.D. thesis)
The Canary Island pine, Pinus canariensis, is an endemic tree that forms one of the main forest ecosystems within the archipelago, and whose distribution has been reduced in the last five centuries by clear cutting for the extraction of timber and tar. It was in the XXth century that exploitation declined and reforestation programs were brought forward for the restoration of an ecosystem that harbours a number of endangered endemic species of plants and animals. In addition to reforestation efforts, an understanding of population genetic processes is also necessary for the successful conservation management of the Canarian pine forest, particularly in light of gathering evidence for local adaptation. In this thesis historical and contemporary gene flow within P. canariensis was studied with nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers. High immigration rates (0.68–0.75) were estimated as expected for an outcrossing wind-pollinated tree. Nevertheless, significant population differentiation (FST=0.019, RST=0.044) was detectable for sites separated by only a few kilometres. Within the context of reforestation programs the high levels of gene flow detected would appear to have a positive effect, by facilitating the immigration of local alleles from natural stands into potentially genetically depauperate first generation gene pools of reforested stands. Historical population growth was revealed with chloroplast microsatellites for most populations of P. canariensis. Population expansions for the pine parasite weevil Brachyderes rugatus were also detected, broadly coinciding with the population expansions within the Canary Island pine forests. Given the estimated times of expansion, these population demographic increases would seem likely related to the process of colonisation of newly emerged islands or local patches after volcanic disturbance. Detection and dating of these expansions from chloroplast microsatellites was, to some degree, negatively affected by homoplasy (i.e. parallel and back mutations). Coalescent simulations of the evolution of chloroplast microsatellites were applied to study the effects of homoplasy in the statistical analysis of population structuring. Measures of genetic diversity based on number of haplotypes and measures based on genetic distances were differently affected. Genetic distances were underestimated but were proportional to the actual value. These effects help to explain the lower performance of statistical analyses for the detection and dating of population expansions. Further research on the effects of homoplasy in the analysis of population differentiation using chloroplast microsatellites is essential.
Data from: Evolutionary history of Lost World frogs (Ph.D. thesis)
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Data from: Genetic diversity of the endemic Canary Island pine tree, Pinus canariensis (Ph.D. thesis)
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Data from: Species delimitation of the cochineal insects (Dactylopius) using molecular phylogenetics and morphology (Ph.D. thesis)
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Data from: The FlbA-regulated predicted transcription factor rpnR of Aspergillus niger is involved in stress resistance and protein secretion, in Regulators Controlled by the Sporulation Gene flbA of Aspergillus niger (Ph.D. thesis)
Proteins are secreted throughout the mycelium of Aspergillus niger except for the sporulating zone. A link between sporulation and repression of protein secretion was underlined by the finding that inactivation of the sporulation gene flbA results in colonies that secrete proteins throughout the colony. This finding is of interest to improve fungi as a cell factory. However, ΔflbA hyphae also lyse and have thinner cell walls. This pleiotropic phenotype is associated with differential expression of 36 transcription factor genes, of which rpnR was inactivated in this study. Sporulation, biomass, and secretome complexity were not affected in strain ΔrpnR. In contrast, ΔrpnR showed decreased resistance to H2O2 and the proteotoxic stress-inducing agent dithiothreitol. This was associated with reduced ribosomal subunit expression and reduced levels of proteins secreted into the medium. Taken together, RpnR of A. niger is involved in protein synthesis and proteotoxic stress resistance and is thus an interesting target for improving enzyme production capacity.
Data from: The FlbA-regulated predicted transcription factor rpnR of Aspergillus niger is involved in stress resistance and protein secretion, in Regulators Controlled by the Sporulation Gene flbA of Aspergillus niger (Ph.D. thesis)
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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