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482 results for “Pituitary”
The expression level of microRNA in invasive and nonivasive gonadotrph pituitary tumors
<p>The data include the normalized read counts from smallRNA sequencing of 20 RNA samples from gonadotroph pituitary tumors<br>The quality of small RNA fractions was assessed using Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer with Small RNA Kit Chip (Agilent) and measured with Qubit RNA HS Assay Kits (Thermo Fisher Scientific). One μg of total RNA was used for sequencing library construction with an Ion Total RNA-Seq Kit v2 (Thermo Fisher Scientific), according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Ion Xpress™ RNA-Seq Barcode Kit was used for hybridization and ligation of RNA adapters that allows for multiplexed sequencing. RNA reverse transcription and subsequent cDNA purification and library size selection were performed using Nucleic Acid Binding Beads. cDNA was PCR-amplified, followed by DNA purification and size selection. The amount and size distribution of the amplified DNA was determined using Bioanalyzer 2100 using a High Sensitivity DNA Kit (Agilent). The length of miRNA ligation products in barcoded libraries ranged between 94 and114 bp. Template preparation for clonal amplification of up to four<br>miRNA libraries at a concentration of 18pM and loading of the PI chip were performed using Ion Chef Instrument, with Ion PI™ Hi-Q™ Chef Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Ion Proton Sequencer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was used for sequencing. Unmapped bam files were converted into fastq files with a bamToFastq script from bedtools. Read mapping to known human miRNAs (according to miRBase v.22) and reads quantification were performed using miRDeep2.14. Data normalization was performed using DESeq2. </p>
Supplementary Material from: Suppression of Pituitary Hormone Genes in Subjects Who Died From COVID-19 Independently of Virus Detection in the Gland
<p>Supplementary Table S1A. List of target genes analysed by the Human Host Response.</p> <p>Supplementary Table S1B. List of target genes analysed by the Coronavirus Panel Plus.</p> <p>Supplementary Table S1C. List of target genes analysed by the custom panel.</p> <p>Supplementary Table S2A. Differential gene expression analysis. Virus-positive vs control adenohypophyses.</p> <p>Supplementary Table S2B. Differential gene expression analysis. Virus-negative vs control adenohypophyses.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Morphological and immunohistochemical comparison of the pituitary gland between a tropical Paracheirodon axelrodi and a subtropical Aphyocharax anisitsi characids (Characiformes: Characidae)
FIGURE 1 | Microphotographs of sagittal sections of the pituitary gland of Paracheirodon axelrodi. A. Stained with Haematoxylin-Eosin (H-E), C. Masson trichrome (MT), and E. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Microphotographs of sagittal sections of the pituitary gland of Aphyocharax anisitsi. B. Stained with H-E, D. MT, and F. PAS. RPD: rostral pars distalis; PPD: proximal pars distalis; PI: pars intermedia; NH: neurohypophysis.
FIGURE 7 in Morphological and immunohistochemical comparison of the pituitary gland between a tropical Paracheirodon axelrodi and a subtropical Aphyocharax anisitsi characids (Characiformes: Characidae)
FIGURE 7 | Camera lucida drawings of sagittal sections of the pituitary gland, obtained by histological and immunohistochemical analysis, showing the distribution of adenohypophyseal cells of P. axelrodi A. and A. anisitsi B.. RPD: rostral pars distalis; PPD: proximal pars distalis; PI: pars intermedia; NH: neurohypophysis. () prolactin cells; () adrenocorticotropin cells () growth hormone; (Ê) gonadotropin cells; () somatolactin cells; (+) melanotropin cells.
FIGURE 4 in Morphological and immunohistochemical comparison of the pituitary gland between a tropical Paracheirodon axelrodi and a subtropical Aphyocharax anisitsi characids (Characiformes: Characidae)
FIGURE 4 | Microphotographs of sagittal sections in the pituitary gland of Paracheirodon axelrodi showing the location of PRL- A. and ACTH- C. ir from the RPD and MSH- C. and SL- F. ir from the PI. Gray box shows the area of detail microphotographs. Details of PRL- B. and ACTH- D. ir from the RPD and MSH- E. and SL- G. ir from the PI. ACTH: adrenocorticotropic hormone; Black star: neurohypophysis; MSH: melanocyte-stimulating hormone; PI: pars intermedia; PPD: proximal pars distalis; PRL: prolactin; RPD: rostral pars distalis; SL: somatolactin.
FIGURE 3 in Morphological and immunohistochemical comparison of the pituitary gland between a tropical Paracheirodon axelrodi and a subtropical Aphyocharax anisitsi characids (Characiformes: Characidae)
FIGURE 3 | Microphotographs of sagittal sections in the pituitary gland of Aphyocharax anisitsi showing the location of PRL- A. and ACTH- C. ir from the RPD and MSH- C. and SL- F. ir from the PI. Gray box shows the area of detail microphotographs. Details of PRL- B. and ACTH- D. ir from the RPD and MSH- E. and SL- G. ir from the PI. ACTH: adrenocorticotropic hormone; Black star: neurohypophysis; MSH: melanocyte-stimulating hormone; PI: pars intermedia; PPD: proximal pars distalis; PRL: prolactin; RPD: rostral pars distalis; SL: somatolactin.
FIGURE 2 in Morphological and immunohistochemical comparison of the pituitary gland between a tropical Paracheirodon axelrodi and a subtropical Aphyocharax anisitsi characids (Characiformes: Characidae)
FIGURE 2 | Details of various components of the pituitary gland of Paracheirodon axelrodi and Aphyocharax anisitsi. Microphotographs of sagittal sections of the A. RPD, B. PPD in P. axelrodi and C. PPD and D. PI in A. anisitsi stained with Haematoxylin-Eosin (H-E). Microphotographs of sagittal sections of the E. PPD and F. PI of P. axelrodi and G. PPD and H. PI in A. anisitsi stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). The delimited gray area corresponds to the neurohypophysis. Black arrowhead: blood vessel; RPD: rostral pars distalis; PPD: proximal pars disalis; PI: pars intermedia. Bars = 10µm.
Fig. 1 in Fresh, equilibrated and post-thaw sperm quality of Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1850) and Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) treated with either salmon GnRHa and domperidone or pituitary extract
Fig. 1. Motility rate of fresh, equilibrated and post-thaw sperm of Brycon orbignyanus (A; n = 18 males) and Prochilodus lineatus (B; n = 21 males). Motility rate was evaluated after 0, 20, 40 and 60s (fresh and equilibrated sperm) or after 10, 30, 50 and 70s of activation (post-thaw sperm). *Motility evaluated at 60s was lower than that at 0s post-activation (Scott-Knott, P <0.05). § Motility evaluated at 10s post-activation was the highest (Scott-Knott, P <0.05).
Fig. 2 in Fresh, equilibrated and post-thaw sperm quality of Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1850) and Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) treated with either salmon GnRHa and domperidone or pituitary extract
Fig. 2. Post-thaw sperm velocities (curvilinear = VCL; straight-line = VSL; average path = VAP) of Brycon orbignyanus (A; n = 18 males) and Prochilodus lineatus (B; n = 21 males) evaluated after 10, 30, 50 and 70s after activation. * Mean at 10s was the highest (Scott-Knott, P <0.05).
Lanreotide as Primary Treatment for Acromegalic Patients With Pituitary Gland Macroadenoma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00690898. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 9. Publications: 2.
Long-term changes in pituitary gene expression following developmental exposure to environmental contaminants (BPS, BDE-47, or TBBPA) in male mice.
<p><strong>Experimental Design</strong></p><p>In this study we evaluate the long-term gene expression changes in pituitary in male mice exposed developmentally to one of three known endocrine disrupting chemicals: bisphenol-S (BPS), 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), and 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). Male mice were exposed to chemical treatment through their mothers' during pregnancy (umbilical blood flow) and nursing, from pregnancy day 8 through weaning at postnatal day 21 (PND21). Each chemical exposure was calculated to equal 0.2mg/kg bw/day. The details of exposure protocol are described elsewhere (Kim<i> et al</i>, 2015). The male pups were allowed to grow untreated until adulthood at PND140. At PND140, male mice were euthanized, then their pituitaries removed, snap frozen in liquid nitrogen, and then stored at -80°C. </p><p>The data-files described below represent major steps of our analysis:</p><p><strong>1. FASTQ files for mouse pituitary RNA-seq data.</strong></p><p>Male mouse pituitary RNA was isolated using a Trizol protocol, checked for purity and concentration and then processed for mRNA sequencing using the Illumina TruSeq kit and protocol (TruSeq Stranded mRNA LP, Cat # 20020594 and TruSeq RNA Sg Idx SetB, Cat # 20020493, Illumina, San Diego, CA) following the manufacturer's recommended procedures. High throughput sequencing was conducted using the NextSeq500 sequencing system. cDNA libraries were single-end sequenced in 76 cycles using a NSQ 500/550 Hi Output KT v2.5 (Cat #20024906 Illumina, San-Diego, CA) in one multiplex run (N=3/exposure group). Read filtering, trimming, and de-multiplexing were performed using the BaseSpace cloud service by Illumina (<a href="https://basespace.illumina.com/home/index">https://basespace.illumina.com/home/index</a>, RRID:SCR_011881). Processed reads were mapped to the mouse reference genome (MM10) using the RNA-Seq Alignment v. 1.1.1. software with Bowtie 2. Each FASTQ file is a compressed file representing data from one sequencing flow cell lane for each sample (4 files per sample). Sample identifiers are coded for treatment: X = Vehicle control, R = TBBPA, C = BDE-47, E = BPS. </p><p><strong>2. Differential expression data.</strong></p><p>Aligned reads were used to assemble transcripts and analyze differential expression using Cufflinks Assembly & DE v. 2.1.0. package. Reads aligned to known annotated regions for both control and exposed groups were used to calculate log2 FPKM ratios. Differentially expressed genes were identified as genes altered with false discovery rate significance ≤ 0.05 (FDR, q ≤ 0.05). Data on all exposure groups are shown in different sheets of the same file - Differential_expression.xlsx.</p><p><strong>3. Enrichment of biological categories associated with DEGs induced by chemical exposures. </strong></p><p>All differentially expressed genes were uploaded to Metascape for the analysis of enriched biological categories using default settings. Results of Metascape analysis are shown in two MS Excel files per exposure group, one showing negatively enriched categories and one positively enriched categories. The title of each file consists of three parts connected via underscore sign: the name of the chemical, the direction of enrichment, and the name of analysis - metascape (e.g., BDE-47_negative_metascape.xlsx).</p><p><strong>4. Pathway analysis for chemical exposures.</strong></p><p>All differentially expressed genes were uploaded to Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and enriched canonical pathways were identified using default settings . Altered molecular or disease pathways, their p-values, and associated differentially expressed genes are provided for each exposure. Data for all exposure groups are shown in different sheets of the same file - IPA_pathway_analysis.xlsx.</p><p><strong>References:</strong></p><p>Kim B, Colon E, Chawla S, Vandenberg LN, Suvorov A. Endocrine disruptors alter social behaviors and indirectly influence social hierarchies via changes in body weight. Environ Health. 2015 Aug 5;14:64. doi: 10.1186/s12940-015-0051-6. PMID: 26242739; PMCID: PMC4524022.</p>
Data from: anterior pituitary transcriptomics following a high fat diet: impact of oxidative stress on cell metabolism
<p>Anterior pituitary cells are highly active with regards to protein synthesis and secretion, processes which depend heavily on mitochondrial ATP production and functional endoplasmic reticula. It is well known that obesity adds an allostatic overload to tissues, requiring them to adapt to inflammation and oxidative stress. Therefore, we hypothesized that the pituitary is highly vulnerable to the stress of high fat diet-induced weight gain. In this study, we utilized a 10-15 week high fat diet (HFD, 60%) plus a thermoneutral housing paradigm, testing both male and female FVB.129P mice. We quantified serum hormones and cytokines, characterized the metabolic phenotype, and defined changes in the pituitary transcriptome using single-cell RNA-seq. Weight gain was significant by 3 weeks in HFD mice, and by 10 weeks all HFD groups had gained 20 g. HFD females (15 weeks) had increased energy expenditure and decreased activity. All HFD groups showed increases in serum leptin, Il-6, resistin, MCP-1, and TNFα. HFD males had increased insulin; both HFD males and females had increased TSH, and HFD females had decreased serum prolactin and growth hormone (GH) pulse amplitude. Pituitary scRNA-seq revealed modest or no changes in pituitary cell gene expression in the different cell types from HFD males after 10 or 15 weeks or HFD females after 10 weeks. However, females exposed to a HFD for 15 weeks showed significant numbers of differentially expressed genes in lactotropes and stem cells. Pathway analyses identified a reduction in pathways that supported protein translation, ribosome biogenesis, and oxidative phosphorylation, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction. Collectively, these studies reveal that pituitary cells from males are more resilient to the oxidative stress of obesity than females and identify the most vulnerable pituitary cell populations in females.</p>
Bulk RNAseq of chronic LPS treated female mouse pituitary across doses
<p>To investigate the mechanisms of chronic inflammation on gonadotropin secretion we performed bulk RNA-seq on pituitaries from female mice chronically exposed to lipopolysaccharide for 6 weeks.</p>
Association between preoperative medication lists and postoperative hospital length of stay after endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery
<p><strong><span>Background</span></strong><span>:</span> <span>Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is the most common technique for resection of pituitary adenoma. Data on factors associated with extended hospital stay after this surgery are limited. We aimed to characterize the relationship between preoperative medications and the risk of prolonged postoperative length of stay after this procedure.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Methods</span></strong><span>:</span> <span>This single-center, retrospective cohort study included all adult patients scheduled for transsphenoidal pituitary surgery from July 1</span><span>st,</span><span> 2016 to December 31</span><span>st</span><span>, 2019.</span> <span>Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical</span><span> codes were used to identify patients' preoperative medications. The primary outcome was prolonged postoperative hospital length of stay. Secondary outcomes included unplanned admission to the Intensive Care Unit, in-hospital and one-year mortality. We developed a descriptive logistic model that included preoperative medications, obesity, and age.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Results</span></strong><span>:</span> <span>Median postoperative length of stay was 3 days for the 7</span><span>04 </span><span>analyzed patients. A prolonged length of stay was</span> <span>defined as > 4 days. Patients taking ATC-H drugs were at increased risk of prolonged length of stay (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.26-1.95, p<0.001). No association was found between preoperative ATC-H medication and unplanned ICU admission or in-hospital mortality. Patients with multiple preoperative ATC-H medications had significantly higher mean LOS (5.4 ± 7.6 days) and one-year mortality (p<0.02).</span></p> <p><strong><span>Conclusions</span></strong><span>: Clinicians should be aware of the possible vulnerability of patients taking systemic hormones preoperatively. Future studies should test this medication-based approach on endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery populations from different hospitals and countries.</span></p>
The expression of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors in corticotroph pituitary tumors
<p>Data include the basic clinical parameters of patients with corticotroph pituitary tumors and the results of the measurements of relative expression level of NR3C1 and NR3C2 genes as well as the results of the evaluation of the expression of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor. Gene expression was measured with qRT-PCR, protein expression was assessed with immunohistochemistry.</p>
Integrating methylome and transcriptome signatures expands the molecular classification of the pituitary tumors
<p><span><strong>Purpose</strong>:</span><span> To explore pituitary tumors by methylome and transcriptome signatures in a heterogeneous ethnic population. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Design</strong>: Retrospective cross-sectional study.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Patients and Methods</strong>: Clinicopathological features, methylome, and transcriptome were evaluated in pituitary tumors from 77 patients (61% women, age: 12-72 years)followed due to functioning (FPT: GH-secreting n=18, ACTH-secreting n=14) and non-functioning pituitary tumors (NFPT, n=45) at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span>U</span><span>nsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis (UHCA) of methylome </span><span>(n=77) </span><span>and transcriptome </span><span>(n=65 out of 77)</span><span> revealed three clusters each: one enriched by FPT, other by NFPT, and </span><span>another by </span><span>ACTH-secreting</span><span> and NFPT. Comparison between each omics-derived cluster identified 3,568 and 5,994 </span><span>differentially methylated and </span><span>expressed genes, respectively, </span><span>which were associated with each other, with tumor clinical presentation, and with 2017 and 2022 WHO classifications. UHCA considering 11 transcripts related to pituitary development/differentiation also supported three clusters: <em>POU1F1</em>-driven somatotroph, <em>TBX19</em>-driven </span><span>corticotroph, and</span><span> <em>NR5A1</em>-driven gonadotroph adenomas, with rare exceptions (</span><em><span>NR5A1</span></em><span> expressed in few GH-secreting and corticotroph-silent adenomas; <em>POU1F1</em> in few ACTH-secreting adenomas; and <em>TBX19</em> in few NFPTs). </span></p> <p><span><strong>Conclusions</strong>: This large heterogenic ethnic Brazilian cohort confirms that integrated methylome and transcriptome signatures classify FPT and NFPT, which are associated with clinical presentation and tumor invasiveness. Moreover, the cluster NFPT/ACTH-secreting adenomas raises interest regarding tumor heterogeneity, supporting the challenge raised by the 2017 and 2022 WHO definitions regarding the discrepancy, in rare cases, between clinical presentation and pituitary lineage markers. Finally, making our data publicly available enables further studies to validate genes/pathways involved in pituitary tumor pathogenesis and prognosis.</span></p>
Nasacort AQ Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis Study in Children With Allergic Rhinitis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01154153. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Study of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone in Normal Volunteers and in Patients With Thyroid or Pituitary Abnormalities
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00054756. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Bioequivalence Trial of Liquid Versus Freeze-Dried Pergoveris® in Pituitary Suppressed Healthy Premenopausal Female Subjects
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02317809. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
The Effects of Aging and Estrogen on the Pituitary
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00386022. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.