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123 results for “Plasmodium parasites”
Data files: Single-cell RNA profiling of Plasmodium vivax-infected hepatocytes reveals parasite- and host- specific transcriptomic signatures and therapeutic targets
<p>Scripts, preprocessed count matrices, and single-cell data objects generated in <strong>“Single-cell RNA profiling of <em>Plasmodium vivax</em><em>-</em>infected hepatocytes reveals parasite- and host- specific transcriptomic signatures and therapeutic targets” </strong></p>
Fig. 4 in Molecular prevalence and phylogenetic relationship of Haemoproteus and Plasmodium parasites of owls in Thailand: Data from a rehabilitation centre
Fig. 4. Colour heatmap of pairwise genetic distances estimated from nucleotide sequences of the cytochrome b gene (479 bp) of Haemoproteus spp. based on the Jukes-Canter model. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 3 in Molecular prevalence and phylogenetic relationship of Haemoproteus and Plasmodium parasites of owls in Thailand: Data from a rehabilitation centre
Fig. 3. Bayesian phylogeny based on partial cytochrome b gene (479 base pairs) of Haemoproteus species lineages. The lineages reported in this study are given in bold. MalAvi lineage codes and GenBank accession numbers are given after species names. Node values (in percentages) indicate posterior clade probabilities. Vertical bars indicate clades of Haemoproteus subgenus (A), Parahaemoproteus (B). Almost all of the Parahaemoproteus lineages recovered from owls were grouped together (clade B-1, grey box). * indicates lineages infecting Strigiformes.
Fig. 4 in Characterization of the Plasmodium and Haemoproteus parasite community in temperate-tropical birds during spring migration
Fig. 4. Differences by foraging guild among infected birds in the probability of Haemoproteus versus Plasmodium infection adjusted for the significant predictors in the model. Single asterisks with brackets beneath denote significant differences between categories.
Fig. 3 in Characterization of the Plasmodium and Haemoproteus parasite community in temperate-tropical birds during spring migration
Fig. 3. Differences by wintering ground among infected birds in the probability of Haemoproteus versus Plasmodium infection adjusted for the significant predictors in the model. Single asterisks with brackets beneath denote significant differences between categories.
Fig. 2 in Characterization of the Plasmodium and Haemoproteus parasite community in temperate-tropical birds during spring migration
Fig. 2. Differences by avian family in the probabilities of a) infection versus non-infection with a Haemosporidian parasite and b) among infected birds, the Plasmodium versus Haemoproteus infection adjusted for the significant predictors in the respective models. Single asterisks with brackets beneath denote significant differences between families.
Fig. 1 in Characterization of the Plasmodium and Haemoproteus parasite community in temperate-tropical birds during spring migration
Fig. 1. Location of field site in Clive Runnells Family Mad Island Marsh Preserve in Texas, USA (Image credit: Google Earth).
A scalable CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system facilitates CRISPR screens in the malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei - sequencing data
<p>This holds raw sequencing data, and extracted sgRNA counts </p>
Convergent evolution of artemisinin and chloroquine resistance in Ethiopian Plasmodium falciparum parasites
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The effect of parasite dose on disease severity in the rodent malaria Plasmodium chabaudi
<p>Experiments were designed to look at the relationship between infective dose and disease severity using two clones of <em>Plasmodium chabaudi</em> that differ in virulence. We asked whether there were dose–severity relationships, whether clone differences in virulence were maintained over a range of doses, and whether disease severity could be accounted for by parasite dynamics. Groups of mice were infected with parasite doses differing by an order of magnitude, ranging from 100 to 1×10<sup><sup>8</sup></sup> parasites. Infective dose affected the probability of death, but only with the more virulent clone. Dose also affected morbidity. For both clones, higher doses induced greater anaemia. Larger doses caused greater weight loss, but only for infections with the more virulent clone. Here, for a given dose, mice lost a fixed amount of weight, irrespective of their initial weight. Larger doses induced earlier mortality and morbidity than did lower dose treatments. Finally, dose affected parasite dynamics, with earlier and higher peak parasite densities in larger dose infections. All these effects were small relative to clone differences in disease severity, which were apparent across the range of doses. Dose effects were manifested through the timing and/or magnitude of peak parasite densities, broadly supporting the idea that dose affects disease severity by altering the time the host has to control parasite densities and ameliorate the effects of parasites. We discuss the possible efficacy of intervention strategies aimed at reducing human disease severity by reducing infective parasite dose.</p>
Fluorescence Microscopy Images of Hela Cell infected with Plasmodium Berghei parasite expressing mCherry in cytoplasm
<p>The purpose of our experiments was to delve into the liver stage development of the P. berghei parasite and examine the host-parasite interactions using HeLa cells. This research is primarily focused on in vitro analysis and does not extend to in vivo applications. Our study investigated the integration of fluorescent microscopy with artificial intelligence to <br>track and predict the developmental milestones of Plasmodium liver stage development. </p> <p>This is the dataset used in our study.</p>
Host cell maturation modulates parasite invasion and sexual differentiation in Plasmodium.
<p>Raw expression counts data is provided along with code needed to analyse the scRNA-seq data presented in the publication "Host cell maturation modulates parasite invasion and sexual differentiation in Plasmodium."</p>
DNA replication dynamics during erythrocytic schizogony in the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium knowlesi
<p>Malaria parasites are unusual, early-diverging protozoans with non-canonical cell cycles. They do not undergo binary fission, but divide primarily by schizogony. This is a mode of replication involving asynchronous production of multiple nuclei within the same cytoplasm, culminating in a single mass cytokinesis event. The rate and efficiency of parasite replication is fundamentally important to malarial disease, which tends to be severe in hosts with high parasite loads. Here, we have studied for the first time the dynamics of schizogony in two human malaria parasite species, <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> and <em>Plasmodium knowlesi</em>. These differ in their cell-cycle length, the number of progeny produced and the genome composition, among other factors. Comparing them could therefore yield new information about the parameters and limitations of schizogony. We report that the dynamics of schizogony differ significantly between these two species, most strikingly in the gap phases between successive nuclear replications, which are longer in <em>P. falciparum</em> and shorter, but more heterogenous, in <em>P. knowlesi</em>. In both species, gaps become longer as schizogony progresses, whereas each period of active replication grows shorter. In both species there is also extreme variability between individual cells, with some schizonts producing many more nuclei than others, and some individual nuclei arresting their replication for many hours while adjacent nuclei continue to replicate. The efficiency of schizogony is probably influenced by a complex set of factors in both the parasite and its host cell.</p>
Single-cell analyses of polyclonal Plasmodium vivax infections and their consequences on parasite transmission Source Data
<p>Source Data for the paper by Hazzard et al. entitled <em>Single-cell analyses of polyclonal Plasmodium vivax infections and their consequences on parasite transmission</em>.</p>
DNA replication dynamics during erythrocytic schizogony in the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium knowlesi
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The effect of parasite dose on disease severity in the rodent malaria Plasmodium chabaudi
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Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte density and infectivity in peripheral blood and skin tissue of naturally infected parasite carriers in Burkina Faso
<p>Background </p><p>Plasmodium falciparum transmission depends on mature gametocytes that can be ingested by mosquitoes taking a blood meal on human skin. Although gametocyte skin sequestration has long been hypothesized as important contributor to efficient malaria transmission, this has never been formally tested.</p> Methods <p>In naturally infected gametocyte carriers from Burkina Faso, we assessed infectivity to mosquitoes by direct skin feeding and membrane feeding. We directly quantified male and female gametocytes and asexual parasites in finger-prick and venous blood samples, skin biopsy samples, and in of mosquitoes that fed on venous blood or directly on skin. Gametocytes were visualized in skin tissue with confocal microscopy.</p> Results <p>Although more mosquitoes became infected when feeding directly on skin then when feeding on venous blood (odds ratio, 2.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.21–3.33; P = .007), concentrations of gametocytes were not higher in the subdermal skin vasculature than in other blood compartments; only sparse gametocytes were observed in skin tissue.</p> Discussion <p>Our data strongly suggest that there is no significant skin sequestration of P. falciparum gametocytes. Gametocyte densities in peripheral blood are thus informative for predicting onward transmission potential to mosquitoes and can be used to target and monitor malaria elimination initiatives.</p> <p></p>
Data from: The polyphyly of Plasmodium: comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of the malaria parasites (order Haemosporida) reveal widespread taxonomic conflict
The evolutionary relationships among the apicomplexan blood pathogens known as the malaria parasites (order Haemosporida), some of which infect nearly 200 million humans each year, has remained a vexing phylogenetic problem due to limitations in taxon sampling, character sampling, and the extreme nucleotide base composition biases that are characteristic of this clade. Previous phylogenetic work on the malaria parasites has often lacked sufficient representation of the broad taxonomic diversity within the Haemosporida or the multi-locus sequence data needed to resolve deep evolutionary relationships, rendering our understanding of haemosporidian life history evolution and the origin of the human malaria parasites incomplete. Here we present the most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the malaria parasites conducted to date, using samples from a broad diversity of vertebrate hosts that includes numerous enigmatic and poorly known haemosporidian lineages in addition to genome-wide multi-locus sequence data. We find that if base composition differences were corrected for during phylogenetic analysis, we recovered a well-supported topology indicating that the evolutionary history of the malaria parasites was characterized by a complex series of transitions in life history strategies and host usage. Notably we find that Plasmodium, the malaria parasite genus that includes the species of human medical concern, is polyphyletic with the life history traits characteristic of this genus having evolved in a dynamic manner across the phylogeny. We find support for multiple instances of gain and loss of asexual proliferation in host blood cells and production of hemozoin pigment, two traits that have been used for taxonomic classification as well as considered to be important factors for parasite virulence and used as drug targets. Lastly, our analysis illustrates the need for a widespread reassessment of malaria parasite taxonomy.
Data from: Testing sex ratio theory with the malaria parasite Plasmodium mexicanum in natural and experimental infections
The malaria parasite (Plasmodium) life history accords well with the assumptions of Local Mate Competition (LMC) of sex ratio theory. Within a single meal of the blood-feeding vector, sexually dimorphic gametocyte cells produce gametes (females produce 1, males several) that mate and undergo sexual recombination. The theory posits several factors drive the Plasmodium sex ratio: male fecundity (gametes/ male gametocyte), number and relative abundance of parasite clones, and gametocyte density. We measured these traits for the lizard malaria parasite, P. mexicanum, with a large sample of natural infections and infections from experiments which manipulated clonal diversity. Sex ratio in single-clone infections was slightly female-biased, but matched predictions of theory for this low-fecundity species. Sex ratio was less female-biased in clonally diverse infections as predicted by LMC for the experimental, but not natural infections. Gametocyte density was not positively related to sex ratio. These results are explained by the P. mexicanum life history of naturally low clonal diversity and high gametocyte production. This is the first study of a natural malaria system that examines all traits relevant to LMC in individual vertebrate hosts and suggests a striking example of sex ratio theory having significance for human public health.
FIGURE 3 in Molecular and morphological characterization of two avian malaria parasites (Haemosporida: Plasmodiidae), with description of Plasmodium homonucleophilum n. sp.
FIGURE 3. Bayesian phylogeny of 20 mitochondrial cytochrome b lineages of Plasmodium spp. and 8 lineages of Haemoproteus spp. One lineage of Leucocytozoon is used as outgroup. Posterior probabilities ≥ 0.7 are indicated near the nodes. Codes of lineages (if available) are indicated, followed in parentheses by GenBank accessions, and parasite species names. Names of parasite described in this study are given in bold. Branch lengths are drawn proportionally to the amount of changes (scale bars are shown). Vertical bars A and B indicate malaria parasites belonging to the subgenera Novyella and Haemamoeba, respectively.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.