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Fig. 10 in Unraveling a new lineage of Hydrobiidae genera (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Ponto-Caspian region

Fig. 10. Distal female genitalia and associated structures of the Ponto-Caspian species. A. Intermaria zagrosensis (Glöer & Pešić, 2009) gen. et comb. nov. B. Intermaria kermanshahensis (Glöer & Pešić, 2009) gen. et comb. nov. C. Persipyrgula saboori (Glöer & Pešić, 2009) gen. et comb. nov. D. Shadinia terpoghassiani (Shadin, 1952). Anatomical abbreviations given in the Material and method section. Scale bars: 500 μm.

Fig. 9 in Unraveling a new lineage of Hydrobiidae genera (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Ponto-Caspian region

Fig. 9. Anatomy of Shadinia terpoghassiani (Shadin, 1952) from Lake Aiger-Lich, Armenia. A. Ctenidium and osphradium. B. Partial nervous system. C. Female genitalia. D. Bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. E–F. Head of a male and penis. G. Prostate gland. Anatomical abbreviations given in the Material and methods section.

Fig. 3 in Unraveling a new lineage of Hydrobiidae genera (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Ponto-Caspian region

Fig. 3. Anatomy of Intermaria zagrosensis (Glöer & Pešić, 2009) gen. et comb. nov. from Pol Kangarar stream, Kermanshah Province, Iran. A. Ctenidium and osphradium. B. Partial nervous system. C. Female genitalia. D. Bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. E–F. Head of a male and penis. G. Prostate gland. Anatomical abbreviations given in the Material and methods section.

Fig. 6 in Unraveling a new lineage of Hydrobiidae genera (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Ponto-Caspian region

Fig. 6. Shell, operculum and radula of Persipyrgula saboori (Glöer & Pešić, 2009) gen. et comb. nov. from Zou Eram spring in Zou Eram village, Khorrasan Province, Iran. A–B. Shell in front view. C. Shell in lateral view. D. Protoconch and microsculpture. E–F. Internal and external side of the operculum. G. Rows of teeth of the radula. H. Central teeth. I. Detail of outer marginal teeth.

Fig. 1 in Unraveling a new lineage of Hydrobiidae genera (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Ponto-Caspian region

Fig. 1. Bayesian inference of hydrobiid species based on COI sequences. Values below branches indicate bootstrap supports for maximum likelihood and BPPs for Bayesian inference. Black bars on the right denote subfamily assignments. Scale bar: expected change per site.

Fig. 8 in Unraveling a new lineage of Hydrobiidae genera (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Ponto-Caspian region

Fig. 8. Shell, operculum and radula of Shadinia terpoghassiani (Shadin, 1952) from Lake Aiger-Lich, Armenia. A–C. Shell in front view. D. Protoconch and microsculpture. E–F. Internal and external side of the operculum. G. Rows of teeth of the radula. H. Central teeth. I. Detail of outer marginal teeth.

Fig. 2 in Unraveling a new lineage of Hydrobiidae genera (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Ponto-Caspian region

Fig. 2. Shell, operculum and radula of Intermaria zagrosensis (Glöer & Pešić, 2009) gen. et comb. nov. from Sar Pol Kangarar stream, Kermanshah Province, Iran. A–B. Shell in front view. C. Shell in lateral view. D. Protoconch and microsculpture. E–F. Internal and external side of the operculum. G. Rows of teeth of the radula. H. Central teeth. I. Detail of outer marginal teeth.

Fig. 7 in Unraveling a new lineage of Hydrobiidae genera (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Ponto-Caspian region

Fig. 7. Anatomy of Persipyrgula saboori (Glöer & Pešić, 2009) gen. et comb. nov. from Zou Eram spring in Zou Eram village, Khorrasan Province, Iran. A. Ctenidium and osphradium. B. Partial nervous system. C. Female genitalia. D. Bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. E–F. Head of a male and penis. G. Prostate gland. Anatomical abbreviations given in the Material and methods section.

Fig. 4 in Unraveling a new lineage of Hydrobiidae genera (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Ponto-Caspian region

Fig. 4. Shell, operculum and radula of Intermaria kermanshahensis (Glöer & Pešić, 2009) gen. et comb. nov. from a spring near Sarabe - Sahneh city, Kermanshah Province, Iran. A–B. Shell in front view. C. Shell in lateral view. D. Protoconch and microsculpture. E–F. Internal and external side of the operculum. G. Rows of teeth of the radula. H. Central teeth. I. Detail of outer marginal teeth.

Fig. 5 in Unraveling a new lineage of Hydrobiidae genera (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Ponto-Caspian region

Fig. 5. Anatomy of Intermaria kermanshahensis (Glöer & Pešić, 2009) gen. et comb. nov. from a spring near Sarabe - Sahneh city, Kermanshah Province, Iran. A. Ctenidium and osphradium. B. Partial nervous system. C. Female genitalia. D. Bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. E–F. Head of a male and penis. G. Prostate gland. Anatomical abbreviations given in the Material and methods section, except DL (distal lobe).

FIGURE 8 in New Miocene fossil taxa illuminate the evolution and paleobiogeography of the Ponto-Caspian gammaroid amphipod radiation

FIGURE 8 Specimen (inventory No. 8244, Vlădiceni quarry) showing a resemblance to extant genera Chaetogammarus and Litorogammarus. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 7 in New Miocene fossil taxa illuminate the evolution and paleobiogeography of the Ponto-Caspian gammaroid amphipod radiation

FIGURE 7 †Eogmelina moldavica gen. et sp. nov. next to a fossilized alga (inventory No. 8240, Vlădiceni quarry). Scale bar = 5 mm. Downloaded from Brill.com 06/21/2024 06:25:54PM via Open Access. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

FIGURE 5 in New Miocene fossil taxa illuminate the evolution and paleobiogeography of the Ponto-Caspian gammaroid amphipod radiation

FIGURE 5 †Eogmelina moldavica gen. et sp. nov. On the right are interpretative drawings of the corresponding fossils on the left. (A) Holotype male and paratype female (inventory No. 8236, Vlădiceni quarry), (B) male (inventory No. 8237, Vlădiceni quarry), (C) female (inventory No. 8238, Iași City), (D) female (inventory No. 8239, Vlădiceni quarry). Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: A = antenna; B = basis; C = coxa; G = gnathopod; H = head; P = pereonite; PL = pleonite; PP = pereopod; U = urosomite; UP = uropod; T = telson.

FIGURE 6 in New Miocene fossil taxa illuminate the evolution and paleobiogeography of the Ponto-Caspian gammaroid amphipod radiation

FIGURE 6 †Eogmelina prisca gen. et sp. nov. On the right are interpretative drawings of the corresponding fossils on the left. (A) Holotype male (inventory No. 8241, Vlădiceni quarry), (B) paratype male (inventory No. 8242, Iași City), (C) disarticulated remains of unknown sex (inventory No. 8243, Vlădiceni quarry). Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: A = antenna; B = basis; C = coxa; G = gnathopod; H = head; P = pereonite; PL = pleonite; PP = pereopod; U = urosomite; UP = uropod; T = telson.

FIGURE 4 in New Miocene fossil taxa illuminate the evolution and paleobiogeography of the Ponto-Caspian gammaroid amphipod radiation

FIGURE 4 Morphological diversity of extant and fossil Ponto-Caspian gammaroids based on 43 morphometric measurements. (A) PCA plot depicting the morphospace occupation along the first two axes. Extant non-monotypic genera are shown with dimmed colors (dots or convex hulls if n> 2 species) while monotypic genera are shown with a gray square. Fossil taxa are shown with colored stars that are numbered according to species (see legend on lower left). Extreme morphologies are exemplified by drawings. (B) Biplot of variables along the first two PCA axes. C) A 3D PCA indicating morphospace occupation of fossils (colored triangles) and extant (gray dots) taxa within the first three axes.

FIGURE 3 in New Miocene fossil taxa illuminate the evolution and paleobiogeography of the Ponto-Caspian gammaroid amphipod radiation

FIGURE 3 Multivariate clustering (Ward's method) based on a Gower-transformed matrix of 114 morphological characters. The heat map represents a pairwise matrix of Euclidean distances among taxa. High similarity is shown with blue while low similarity with red. Green dots at nodes in the dendrograms indicate wellsupported groups (bootstrap values> 70%). The fossil clade is highlighted with orange and dagger symbol. Ecomorphs (sensu Copilaș-Ciocianu & Sidorov, 2022) are indicated with labels.

FIGURE 2 in New Miocene fossil taxa illuminate the evolution and paleobiogeography of the Ponto-Caspian gammaroid amphipod radiation

FIGURE 2 Phylogenetic relationships among Ponto-Caspian gammaroids based on 114 morphological characters. Non-monotypic genera are highlighted in color. The fossil clade is highlighted with orange and a dagger symbol. Number at nodes represent support values for maximum likelihood (UFBS – ultrafast bootstrap, SHaLRT – Shimodaira-Hasegawa approximate likelihood ratio test), Bayesian (PP – posterior probability), and parsimony (JKBS – jackknifing bootstrap) analyses. Strongly supported nodes are highlighted with a green dot (UFBS ≥ 90; SHaLRT ≥ 80; PP ≥ 0.9; JKBS ≥ 90). Nodes that are not annotated received weak to no support (UFBS ≤ 50; SHaLRT ≤ 50; PP ≤ 0.5; JKBS ≤ 50).

FIGURE 1 Paleogeographic and geological setting. A in New Miocene fossil taxa illuminate the evolution and paleobiogeography of the Ponto-Caspian gammaroid amphipod radiation

FIGURE 1 Paleogeographic and geological setting. A) Map of the Ponto-Caspian region. The area marked with transparent white indicates the maximum extent of the Paratethys 11 Ma ago (Palcu et al., 2021). The green dot represents the newly discovered fossil amphipod sites from Romania, while the black dots indicate previously known fossiliferous locations from the Caucasus (Azerbaijan and Russia). B) Close-up map of Iași City, Romania, (https://www.openstreetmap.org /#map=12/47.1449/27.6062) showing the location of the study sites (Site 1 – construction site in Iași City; Site 2 – Vlădiceni quarry). C) Upper part shows a chronostratigraphic chart of the Eastern Paratethys and its correlation to the Global Time Scale (Raffi et al., 2020). The stratigraphic age of the sites from this study are indicated with green, while the previously known sites from the Caucasus are indicated with black. The lower part is a geological cross section of the focal area indicating the lithostratigraphic context and altitude (modified after Ionesi et al. 2005). Sampling sites are indicated with green dots. D) Photographs of the two study sites from the current study. PHOTO BY IONESI V.

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Fig. 1 in Occurrence Of A New Ponto-Caspian Invasive Species, Cordylophora Caspia (Pallas, 1771) (Hydrozoa: Clavidae) In Lake Balaton (Hungary)

Fig. 1. Localization of sampling stations in Hungary, in Lake Balaton and around Tihany-peninsula. • Stations where C. caspia were found. 1 = Dunaföldvár, 2 = Paks, 3 = Mohács, 4 = Tihany, 5 = Balatonalmádi, 6 = Szabadi-Sóstó, 7 = Szántód, 8 = Fonyód, 9 = Keszthely, 10 = Szigliget, 11 = Badacsony. Around Tihany peninsula a = Sajkód, b = Tihany-ferry, c = in front of Balaton Limnological Research Institute, d = Gödrös. Scale: 10 km for Lake Balaton