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opennotspecifiedOct 2015View details →

FIGURE 2 in Type designation for Reseda hookeri (Resedaceae)

FIGURE 2. Epitype of Reseda hookeri Guss. (BOLO), the fragment on the left side (marked here with an arrow). Image reproduced with permission of the Herbarium BOL (University of Bologna, Italy).

opennotspecifiedOct 2015View details →

FIGURE 1 in Type designation for Reseda hookeri (Resedaceae)

FIGURE 1. Lectotype of Reseda hookeri Guss. (NAP). Image reproduced with permission of the Herbarium NAP (Herbarium Neapolitanum, University of Naples, Italy).

FIGURE 6 in Rediscovery of the restricted endemic Reseda balansae (Resedaceae) in Turkey

FIGURE 6. Light microscope microphotographs of R. balansae (EÇ 1609) pollen grains. a) Optical section from equatorial view; b) Colpus view, surface ornamentation; c) Optical section from polar view; d) Apocolpium, surface ornamentation.

FIGURE 2 in Rediscovery of the restricted endemic Reseda balansae (Resedaceae) in Turkey

FIGURE 2. Reseda balansae (Turkey, İçel, Işıktepe; EC 1609). a) Habitat; b) Stem leaves; c) Inflorescence; d) Capsule.

FIGURE 5 in Rediscovery of the restricted endemic Reseda balansae (Resedaceae) in Turkey

FIGURE 5. SEM micrographs of R. balansae (EÇ 1609) seeds. a) General view; b) Seed surface ornamentation; c) Sinus region.

FIGURE 4 in Rediscovery of the restricted endemic Reseda balansae (Resedaceae) in Turkey

FIGURE 4. Reseda balansae (Turkey, İçel, Işıktepe). a) The type population in 2014; b) the same one in 2015, after destruction due to ongoing road works.

FIGURE 3 in Rediscovery of the restricted endemic Reseda balansae (Resedaceae) in Turkey

FIGURE 3. Reseda balansae (Turkey, Içel, Işıktepe; EC 1621). A) Habit; B1) Cauline leaf; B2) Basal leaf; C) Flower; D1) Superior petal; D2) Lateral petal; D3) Anterior petal; E1) Capsule with persistent sepals and bract; E2) Longitudinal section of capsule; F) Seed; G) Stem. (Illustrated by Golshan Zare).

FIGURE 7 in Rediscovery of the restricted endemic Reseda balansae (Resedaceae) in Turkey

FIGURE 7. SEM micrographs of R. balansae (EÇ 1609) pollen grains. a) Equatorial view; b) Pollen surface ornamentation; c) Polar view.

opennotspecifiedJan 2024View details →

FIGURE 3 in Ochradenus lakhpatensis (Resedaceae), a new species from Gujarat, India

FIGURE 3. Morphological details of Ochradenus lakhpatensis sp. nov.: A & B. flowering and fruiting twigs, C. flower, D. calyx and disc (other flower parts were removed), E. ovary with disc and pedicel (other flower parts were removed), F. transversal cut of the ovary showing parietal placentation of ovules, G. mature dry fruit with pedicel, H. seeds.

opennotspecifiedJan 2024View details →

FIGURE 1 in Ochradenus lakhpatensis (Resedaceae), a new species from Gujarat, India

FIGURE 1. Distribution map of O. lakhpatensis sp. nov., indicating location in India, Gujarat and Kachchh district with detailed satellite view depicting the known populations within the Lakhpat taluka.

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FIGURE 4 in Ochradenus lakhpatensis (Resedaceae), a new species from Gujarat, India

FIGURE 4. Ochradenus lakhpatensis sp. nov.: A. different leaves representing the variability of shape and size, B. flowering twigs with pollinators (honeybees and ants), C. top view of mature fruit (note the 3-lobed section and open apex), D. different stages of fruit ripening.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2023View details →

FIGURE 1. A in Lectotypification and a new synonym of Neothorelia laotica (Resedaceae)

FIGURE 1. A. Line illustrations of Stixis nayarii (Raghavan 1986). B. Line illustrations of Neothorelia laotica (Gagnepain 1908b), 14– 20 are this species. C. Lectotype of Neothorelia laotica. D–E. Living plant of Neothorelia laotica. (D: Photographed by Preecha Karaket. E: Photographed by Sukontip Sirimongkol)

Fig. 7 in Glucosinolate profiles and phylogeny in Barbarea compared to other tribe Cardamineae (Brassicaceae) and Reseda (Resedaceae), based on a library of ion trap HPLC-MS/MS data of reference desulfoglucosinolates

Fig. 7. Levels of major glucosinolates in leaves of first year rosette plants of the Gtype (A) and P-type (B) of Barbarea vulgaris in plants subjected to various challenges or no challenge as control. The contrasting general profile of the types is evident from dominance of BAR in the G-type and EBAR in the P-type. Treatment codes are: Control, un-challenged plants harvested after 7 days; Pieris 3d and Pieris 7d, herbivory by Pieris brassicae larvae until harvest at either day 3 or day 7; Plutella, herbivory by Plutella xylostella for 4 days; CuCl2, spraying of leaves with 10 mM CuCl2 (aq.) followed by recovery for 4 days. Bars represent means, whiskers indicate standard deviation (N = 3 for each group).

Fig. 6 in Glucosinolate profiles and phylogeny in Barbarea compared to other tribe Cardamineae (Brassicaceae) and Reseda (Resedaceae), based on a library of ion trap HPLC-MS/MS data of reference desulfoglucosinolates

Fig. 6. Lack of the aliphatic glucosinolate (GSL) Pren (107) in B. vulgaris and spiking of pure (intact) Pren for establishing the limit of detection. A. Total ion chromatogram for the three dominating peaks in G-type B. vulgaris (dGSL preparation). B. Extracted ion trace for desulfo Pren in the same extract as A, showing lack of detection. C, D, E. Results of serial spiking of the crude extract with serial 10-fold dilutions of Pren before the desulfation procedure, showing linearity also at low levels and ability to detect trace levels.

Fig. 9 in Glucosinolate profiles and phylogeny in Barbarea compared to other tribe Cardamineae (Brassicaceae) and Reseda (Resedaceae), based on a library of ion trap HPLC-MS/MS data of reference desulfoglucosinolates

Fig. 9. Extracted ion HPLC-MS chromatograms of desulfoglucosinolates prepared from glucosinolates (GSLs) in seeds (A–F) or leaves (G) of Reseda luteola and seeds of Reseda odorata (H). The three major peaks (A, B, C) represent PE, IM and BAR, much like many Barbarea spp. Focus on minor peaks (D) allowed conclusive identification of EBAR, confirmed by tR and the characteristic MS2 spectrum. A range of putative derivatives were not detected (E, F), but an unidentified hydroxybutylGSL was present (G), as was a known glycoside in R. odorata.

Fig. 5 in Glucosinolate profiles and phylogeny in Barbarea compared to other tribe Cardamineae (Brassicaceae) and Reseda (Resedaceae), based on a library of ion trap HPLC-MS/MS data of reference desulfoglucosinolates

Fig. 5. MS2 spectra of desulfated glucosinolates (GSLs) confirming the identity of two 2-3homoMet-derived GSLs in C. hirsuta. While the spectrum of desulfo Buen contains only the usual fragments for this type of dGSL (a, [anhydroGlc+Na]+; b, [thioGlc+Na]+), the spectrum of desulfo Peen contains an additional usual fragment (c, [M-anhydroGlc Na]+) and two unusual + fragment ions suggesting a structure-specific cyclization and exchange of O during fragmentation: 201, [gluconolactone Na]+ and 152, [C H NS Na]+. + 6 11 + The unusual fragments can be rationalized as fragment a plus O and fragment c minus O, respectively.

Fig. 3 in Glucosinolate profiles and phylogeny in Barbarea compared to other tribe Cardamineae (Brassicaceae) and Reseda (Resedaceae), based on a library of ion trap HPLC-MS/MS data of reference desulfoglucosinolates

Fig. 3. HPLC-MS chromatograms of desulfoglucosinolates (dGSLs) prepared from glucosinolates (GSLs) in Planodes virginica (A) and Nasturtium officinale (B–C) seeds, showing qualitative similarities and quantitative contrasts. Major peaks (B) from N. officinale revealed many of the same GSLs as in A, but levels of EBAR (40R) were much lower while levels were much higher for the biosynthetic precursor PE (105). A focus on trace peaks from N. officinale (C) revealed sharp peaks representing a range of minor constituents. Due to the closely eluting peaks, the latter chromatograms (B–C) were made by combining extracted ion chromatograms corresponding to [M+Na]+ of the indicated dGSLs. In C, the m/z 366 signal of d105 was omitted to allow visualization of minor coeluting peaks. An asterisk after a peak number indicates tentative identification. HPLC-MS conditions as in Olsen et al. (2016). TIC, total ion chromatogram, EIC, extracted ion chromatogram.

Fig. 4 in Glucosinolate profiles and phylogeny in Barbarea compared to other tribe Cardamineae (Brassicaceae) and Reseda (Resedaceae), based on a library of ion trap HPLC-MS/MS data of reference desulfoglucosinolates

Fig. 4. HPLC-MS chromatogram of desulfoglucosinolates (dGSLs) prepared from glucosinolates (GSLs) from leaves (A) and petioles (B) of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana), focusing on trace level GSLs. The chromatograms were made by combining extracted ion chromatograms corresponding to [M+Na]+ of the indicated dGSLs, from analyses that were much overloaded with respect to the dominating dGSL d107 from Pren. In panel A, an insert shows magnification of the chromatogram from 5.2 to 5.8 min. Neither suggested BAR nor EBAR were detectable. In panel B, only extracted ion chromatograms of m/z 382 (BAR/EBAR), 352 (BZ), 366 (PE), 380 (3PP), 394 (4PB), 408 (5PP at high tR and 6mSOh at 5.4 min), 422 (7mSOh) and 436 (8mSOo) are included. Unlabeled trace peaks did not exhibit a combination of tR and m/z suitable for any of the mentioned candidates. HPLC conditions as in Olsen et al. (2016). Panel A depicts analysis of the Copenhagen garden accession; panel B from the naturalized population at Lake Fures¨o. An asterisk after a peak number indicates tentative identification.

Fig. 2 in Glucosinolate profiles and phylogeny in Barbarea compared to other tribe Cardamineae (Brassicaceae) and Reseda (Resedaceae), based on a library of ion trap HPLC-MS/MS data of reference desulfoglucosinolates

Fig. 2. Detection of thioglucose-acylated glucosinolates (GSLs) by HPLC-MS of desulfated derivatives prepared from the indicated species. (A–C) Analysis of seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 used as reference material for characteristic GSLs. Shown are the total ion chromatogram (A) and extracted ion chromatograms for sodium adducts of desulfo 6′Bz 4BzOb (d125) (B) and desulfo 6′Bz 4mSb (d127) (C). (D–F) Analysis of seeds of Barbarea grayi for dominating GSLs. Shown are total ion chromatograms (D), and extracted ion chromatograms for sodium adducts of desulfo 6'iF BAR (d131S) (E) and desulfo 6'iF PE (d129) (F).

Fig. 1 in Glucosinolate profiles and phylogeny in Barbarea compared to other tribe Cardamineae (Brassicaceae) and Reseda (Resedaceae), based on a library of ion trap HPLC-MS/MS data of reference desulfoglucosinolates

Fig. 1. MS2 spectra of pairs of desulfoglucosinolates with and without a side chain double bond. Four short chain desulfoglucosinolates were investigated, including Na+ adducts of all (A–D) and in addition H+ adducts of the methylthio substituted (E–F), as indicated in each spectrum. The desulfo derivative of the putative 9mSn ([89]), poorly characterized in the literature, was also investigated (G).