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FCE LTER Taylor Slough/Panhandle-7 Site Scrub Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) Leaf Gas Exchange Data, Florida, USA from January-December 2019
Rates of leaf gas exchange were measured monthly during the 2019 calendar year in a scrub Red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle (L.) L.) forest site (TS/Ph-7) near the mouth of Taylor River in southeastern Florida Everglades. Sampling of green mature leaves was designed to target scrub mangrove tree branches growing on slightly higher elevation mangrove island centers versus permanently inundated island edge habitats. Concurrent measurements of water depth and surface and porewater salinity were collected at each of the mangrove island habitats, with the research objective of assessing the effect of physicochemical variables on rates of leaf gas exchange (i.e., assimilation and stomatal conductance). Leaf gas exchange data were collected using the Li-6800 portable photosynthesis system (Li-COR, Lincoln, NE). Additional data on leaf functional traits and nutrient concentrations and environmental data from the site are included. Data are presented in five datasets (.csv).
Fig. 4 in Bactericidal properties of mangrove Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume leaf and Rhizophora mucronata Poir. stilt root extracts on Vibrio cholera, MTCC 435 and Escherichia coli pathogens
Fig. 4 — Percentage viability of HeLa cells with different mangrove extracts. Values are mean of triplicate reading (mean±SD)
Fig. 3 in Bactericidal properties of mangrove Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume leaf and Rhizophora mucronata Poir. stilt root extracts on Vibrio cholera, MTCC 435 and Escherichia coli pathogens
Fig. 3 — SEM images of mangrove extracts with treated and un-treated bacterial cells: (a) Un-treated; (b) MTCC 435 treated with R. mucronata acetone stilt root extract; (c) MTCC 435 treated with B. cylindrica acetone leaf extract; (d) Un-treated Escherichia coli; (e) Escherichia coli treated with R. mucronata acetone stilt root extract; (f) Escherichia coli treated with B. cylindrica ethyl acetate leaf extract; (g) Un-treated Vibrio cholera; and (h) Vibrio cholerae treated with R. mucronata acetone stilt root extract
Fig. 2 in Bactericidal properties of mangrove Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume leaf and Rhizophora mucronata Poir. stilt root extracts on Vibrio cholera, MTCC 435 and Escherichia coli pathogens
Fig. 2 — Viable count analysis of the bacterial pathogens - I: Collected solvent extract; II: Control plates [a) MTCC 435, g) E. coli, m) V. cholerae; b, h & n: Tetracycline (40 µg.ml-1) treated plates - (b) MTCC 435, h) E. coli, and n) V. cholerae); c, e, i, k & o: X- MBC concentration treated plates - (c) MTCC 435 with R. mucronata acetone stilt root extract, e) MTCC 435 with B. cylindrica acetone leaf extract, i) E. coli with R. mucronata acetone stilt root extract, k) E. coli with B. cylindrica acetone leaf extract, and o) V. cholerae with B. cylindrica ethyl acetate leaf extract); d, f, j, l & p: 2X-MBC concentration treated plates - (d) MTCC 435 with R. mucronata acetone stilt root extract, f) MTCC 435 with B. cylindrica acetone leaf extract, j) E. coli with R. mucronata acetone stilt root extract, l) E. coli with B. cylindrica acetone leaf extract, and p) V. cholerae with B. cylindrica ethyl acetate leaf extract)]
Fig. 1 in Bactericidal properties of mangrove Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume leaf and Rhizophora mucronata Poir. stilt root extracts on Vibrio cholera, MTCC 435 and Escherichia coli pathogens
Fig. 1 — Effect of various extracts on growth pattern of clinical pathogens: a) R. mucronata acetone stilt root extract with MTCC 435; b) B. cylindrica acetone leaf extract with MTCC 435; c) R. mucronata acetone stilt root extract with E. coli; d) B. cylindrica acetone leaf extract with E. coli; and e) B. cylindrica ethyl acetate leaf extract with V. cholera
Fig. 3. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955 in A Revision Of The Estuarine Crab Genus Ilyograpsus Barnard, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Macrophthalmidae), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And One New Species
Fig. 3. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955. Male (cl 6.5 mm), paratype of Ilyograpsus vannini Sawada, Hosogi & Sakai, 2005, RMNH- D 26501, south of Massawa, Gulf of Zula, Ethiopia: A, carapace, ocular peduncles and antennae, dorsal view (setae omitted); B, left lower orbital margin and external orbital tooth, ventral view; C, anterior part of thoracic sternum, ventral view; D, pleon, ventral view; E, left cheliped, dorsal view; F, same, merus, outer view; G, same, chela, outer view; H, left fourth pereopod, dorsal view; I, left fifth pereopod, dorsal view; J, left first gonopod, ventral view; K, same, ventrolateral view; L, same, distal part, dorsal view. Scales: A = 2 mm; B–I = 1 mm; J–L = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 2. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955 in A Revision Of The Estuarine Crab Genus Ilyograpsus Barnard, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Macrophthalmidae), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And One New Species
Fig. 2. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955. Male (cl 6.4 mm), paratype of Ilyograpsus vannini Sawada, Hosogi & Sakai, 2005, RMNH-D 26501, south of Massawa, Gulf of Zula, Ethiopia. Entire animal in dorsal view.
Fig. 5. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955. A–E, I, J in A Revision Of The Estuarine Crab Genus Ilyograpsus Barnard, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Macrophthalmidae), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And One New Species
Fig. 5. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955. A–E, I, J, ovigerous female (cl 7.2 mm), MNHN-B 12842, Tuléar, Madagascar; F, H, ovigerous female (cl 5.3 mm), MNHN-B 12843, same locality; G, female (cl 7.4 mm), paratype of Ilyograpsus vannini Sawada, Hosogi & Sakai, 2005, RMNH-D 26501, south of Massawa, Gulf of Zula, Ethiopia. A, carapace, ocular peduncles and antennae, dorsal view; B, anterior part of cephalothorax, including left ocular peduncles and antennae, frontal view; C, left lower orbital margin, ventral view; D, pleon, ventral view; E, left third maxilliped, ventral view; F, left cheliped, dorsal view; G, same, merus, outer view; H, same, chela, outer view; I, right fourth pereopod, dorsal view; J, right fifth pereopod, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, D, F = 2 mm; B, C, E, G, I, J = 1 mm; H = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 4. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955. A in A Revision Of The Estuarine Crab Genus Ilyograpsus Barnard, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Macrophthalmidae), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And One New Species
Fig. 4. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955. A, male (cl 5.0 mm), paratype of Ilyograpsus vannini Sawada, Hosogi & Sakai, 2005, RMNH-D 26501, south of Massawa, Gulf of Zula, Ethiopia; B–E, male (cl 3.8 mm), MNHN-B 12846, Nozy Bé, Madagascar. A, left part of carapace, left ocular peduncle and antenna, dorsal view; B, left cheliped, dorsal view; C, same, chela, outer view; D, right first gonopod, dorsal view; E, same, ventrolateral view. Scale bars: A, B, D = 1 mm; C, E = 0.5 mm.
FIG. 17. — Pedumispora rhizophorae K.D.Hyde & E.B.G in Modern taxonomic approaches to identifying diatrypaceous fungi from marine habitats, with a novel genus Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, gen. nov.
FIG. 17. — Pedumispora rhizophorae K.D.Hyde & E.B.G.Jones (BRIP 19201 – holotype): A, herbarium material; B, C, appearance of ascostromata on host; D, section through ascoma; E, section through neck region; F, peridium; G, paraphyses; H, I, asci; J, K, ascospores. Scale bars: B, 1000 μm; C, 500 μm; D, 50 μm; E-G, 20 μm; H-K, 100 μm.
Rhizophora zonation, salinity, and nutrients in the western Atlantic
Rhizophora is the dominant genus of mangrove forests on the Atlantic coast of northern South America. What determines the zonation frequently observed in sympatric populations of the two neotropical species R. mangle, R. racemosa, and their hybrids, R. × harrisonii, is an open question. The most widely held hypothesis is that differences in salinity tolerance among the taxonomic groups explains the observed zonation. To address this question, we analyzed the elemental composition of soils and canopy leaves from 60 Rhizophora spp. trees distributed in different intertidal zones of an estuarine site of the Paria Gulf, Venezuela. The low intertidal zone showed lower salinity, organic matter, C, N, S, and Na, and higher bulk density, Al, Fe, and Mn concentrations compared with the higher intertidal zones. Using morphological characters and microsatellite molecular markers, we identified 39 pure R. mangle, 19 hybrids, and only two pure R. racemosa. We found that both intertidal position and taxonomic groups explained most of the differences in leaf variables measured across trees. The ratio Mg/Ca, however, was higher in R. mangle than in R. racemosa and hybrids regardless of intertidal position. Moreover, at some specific intertidal position, R. mangle differed from R. racemosa and hybrids in the values of C, N, K, Mg, Fe, Mn, C/N, K/Ca, S/Ca, and d13C. We conclude that despite the scarcity of R. racemosa and the absence of a clear species zonation, our results suggest that R. mangle copes with salinity differently than R. racemosa and R. × harrisonii.
Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae) - whole tree (or vine) - general
Image of Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae) - whole tree (or vine) - general
Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae) - whole tree (or vine) - general
Image of Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae) - whole tree (or vine) - general
Data from: Inheritance of DNA methylation differences in the mangrove Rhizophora mangle
<p>This record contains supplementary information for the article "Inheritance of DNA methylation differences in the mangrove Rhizophora mangle" published in Evolution&Development. It contains the barcodes (barcodes.txt), the reference contigs (contigs.fasta.gz), the annotation of the reference contigs (mergedAnnot.csv.gz), the SNPs (snps.vcf.gz), the methylation data (methylation.txt.gz), and the experimental design (design.txt). All data are unfiltered. Short reads are available on SRA (PRJNA746695). Note that demultiplexing of the pooled reads (SRX11452376) will fail because the barcodes are already removed and the header information is lost during SRA submission. Instead, use the pre-demultiplexed reads that are as well linked to PRJNA746695.</p> <p><br> </p> <p><strong>Table S13 (TableS13_DSSwithGeneAnnotation.offspringFams.csv.gz): </strong></p> <p>Differential cytosine methylation between families using the mother data set. The first three columns fragment number ("chr"), the position within the fragment ("pos"), and the sequence context ("context"). Columns with the pattern FDR_<X>_vs_<Y> contain false discovery rates of a test comparing population X with population Y. Average DNA methylation levels for each population are given in the columns "AC", "FD", "HI", "UTB", "WB", and "WI". The remaining columns contain the annotation of the fragment, for example whether it matches to a gene and if yes, the gene name ID and description are provided.</p>
Rhizophora zonation, salinity, and nutrients in the western Atlantic
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Effects of maternal genotypic identity and genetic diversity of the red mangrove Rhizophora mangle on associated soil bacterial communities: a field-based experiment
<p>Loss of plant biodiversity can result in reduced abundance and diversity of associated species with implications for ecosystem functioning. In ecosystems low in plant species diversity, such as Neotropical mangrove forests, it is thought that genetic diversity within the dominant plant species could play an important role in shaping associated communities. Here, we used a manipulative field experiment to study the effects of maternal genotypic identity and genetic diversity of the red mangrove <i>Rhizophora mangle</i> on the composition and richness of associated soil bacterial communities. Using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) community fingerprinting, we found that bacterial community composition differed among <i>R. mangle</i> maternal genotypes but not with genetic diversity. Bacterial taxa richness, total soil nitrogen, and total soil carbon were not significantly affected by maternal genotypic identity or genetic diversity of <i>R. mangle</i>. Our findings show that genotype selection in reforestation projects could influence soil bacterial community composition. Further research is needed to determine what impact these bacterial community differences might have on ecosystem processes, such as carbon and nitrogen cycling.</p>
Data from: Postglacial expansion pathways of red mangrove, Rhizophora mangle, in the Caribbean Basin and Florida
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) was a period of massive range contraction. Post-LGM, water-dispersed coastal species, including the red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle), expanded poleward as propagules were transported by ocean currents. We assessed postglacial marine expansion pathways for R. mangle within the Caribbean Basin and Florida. METHODS: Six microsatellite loci were used to genotype 237 individuals from nine R. mangle populations in the Caribbean, Florida, and Northwest Africa. We evaluated genetic variation, population structure, gene flow along alternative post-LGM expansion pathways to Florida, and potential long-distance dispersal (LDD) from West Africa to Caribbean islands. KEY RESULTS: These R. mangle populations had substantial genetic structure (FST = 0.37, P < 0.0001) with three discrete population clusters (Caribbean mainland, Caribbean islands, and Florida). Genetic connectivity along the mainland pathway (Caribbean mainland to Florida) vs. limited gene dispersal along the Antilles Island pathway (Caribbean islands to Florida) supported Florida recolonization from Caribbean mainland sources. Genetic similarity of Northwest Africa and two Caribbean islands provided evidence for trans-Atlantic LDD. We did not find a pattern of decreasing genetic diversity with latitude. CONCLUSIONS: We outline a complex expansion history for R. mangle, with discrete pathways of recolonization for Florida and Caribbean islands. Contrary to expectation, connectivity to putative Caribbean mainland refugial populations via ocean currents, and not latitude, appears to dictate genetic diversity within Caribbean island and Florida R. mangle. These findings provide a framework for further investigation of additional water-dispersed neotropical species, and insights for management initiatives.
Data from: Genetic differentiation and phylogeography of partially sympatric species complex Rhizophora mucronata Lam. and R. stylosa Griff. using SSR markers
Mangrove forests are ecologically important but globally threatened intertidal plant communities. Effective mangrove conservation requires the determination of species identity management units and genetic structure. Here we investigate the genetic distinctiveness and genetic structure of an iconic but yet taxonomically confusing species complex Rhizophora mucronata and R. stylosa across their distributional range by employing a suite of 20 informative nuclear SSR markers. Our results demonstrated the general genetic distinctiveness of R. mucronata and R. stylosa and potential hybridization or introgression between them. We investigated the population genetics of each species without the putative hybrids and found strong genetic structure between oceanic regions in both R. mucronata and R. stylosa. In R. mucronata a strong divergence was detected between populations from the Indian Ocean region (Indian Ocean and Andaman Sea) and the Pacific Ocean region (Malacca Strait South China Sea and Northwest Pacific Ocean). In R. stylosa the genetic break was located more eastward between populations from South and East China Sea and populations from the Southwest Pacific Ocean. The location of these genetic breaks coincided with the boundaries of oceanic currents thus suggesting that oceanic circulation patterns might have acted as a cryptic barrier to gene flow. Our findings have important implications on the conservation of mangroves especially relating to replanting efforts and the definition of ESUs in Rhizophora species. We outlined the genetic structure and identified geographical areas that require further investigations for both R. mucronata and R. stylosa. These results serve as the foundation for the conservation genetics of R. mucronata and R. stylosa and highlighted the need to recognize the genetic distinctiveness of closely-related species determine their respective genetic structure and avoid artificially promoting hybridization in mangrove restoration programmes.
FIGURE 2. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955 in Brachyuran crabs of the family Macrophthalmidae Dana, 1851 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Macrophthalmidae) of the Persian Gulf
FIGURE 2. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955: a, c, e–g, i, j, male (SMF 36859); b, d, h, female (SMF 36859). a, lower orbital margin of male; b, lower orbital margin of female; c, cheliped of male, outer surface; d, cheliped of female, outer surface; e, merus of male cheliped, inner margin; f, third maxilliped, right; g, male abdomen; h, female gonopore, right; i, G1, dorsal surface (right); j, the same G1, ventral surface (right).
FIGURE 3. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955 in Brachyuran crabs of the family Macrophthalmidae Dana, 1851 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Macrophthalmidae) of the Persian Gulf
FIGURE 3. Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955, male (ZUTC brach1261): a, posterior surface; b, ventral surface.
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