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58 results for “Rhodnius”
Figure 2. Box-plot head centroid size. A. Rhodnius prolixus instars. B in Head geometric morphometrics of two Chagas disease vectors from Venezuela
Figure 2. Box-plot head centroid size. A. Rhodnius prolixus instars. B. Triatoma maculata instars. Abbreviation: I—First instar; II— Second instar; III—Third instar; IV—Fourth instar; V—Fifth instar; F—Adult female; M—Adult male.
Figure 2 in Presence of Rhodnius neglectus Lent, 1954 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) in Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil: signals the importance of surveillance for the municipality
Figure 2. Female of Rhodnius neglectus captured inside the house in the municipality of Araraquara, São Paulo. A-B. Dorsal and ventral views. C. Pronotum and scutellum. D. Head. E. Ventral thorax. F. Labium. / Figura 2. Hembra de Rhodnius neglectus capturada en el interior de la casa en el municipio de Araraquara, São Paulo. A-B. Vistas dorsal y ventral. C. Pronoto y escutelo. D. Cabeza. E. Tórax, ventral. F. Labio.
Figure 1 in Presence of Rhodnius neglectus Lent, 1954 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) in Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil: signals the importance of surveillance for the municipality
Figure 1. Location of the residence invaded by triatomines in the municipality of Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil. / Figura 1. Ubicación de la residencia invadida por triatominos en el municipio de Araraquara, São Paulo, Brasil.
Figure 1. Landmarks head selection. A. Rhodnius prolixus. B in Head geometric morphometrics of two Chagas disease vectors from Venezuela
Figure 1. Landmarks head selection. A. Rhodnius prolixus. B. Triatoma maculata. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Fitness of gnotobiotic Rhodnius prolixus nymphs
<p>Kissing bugs (Hempitera: Reduviidae) are obligately and exclusively blood feeding insects. Vertebrate blood is thought to provide insufficient B vitamins to insects, which rely on obligate symbiotic relationships with bacteria that provision these nutrients. Kissing bugs harbor environmentally acquired bacteria in their gut lumen, without which they are unable to develop to adulthood. Early experiments identified a single bacterial species, <em>Rhodococcus rhodnii</em>, as a symbiont of <em>Rhodnius prolixus</em>, but modern studies of the kissing bug microbiome suggest that <em>R. rhodnii</em> is not always present or abundant in wild-caught individuals. We asked whether <em>R. rhodnii</em> or other bacteria alone could function as symbionts of <em>R. prolixus</em>. Bacteria-free (axenic) insects were produced whose microbiome could be experimentally manipulated to produce insects with known microbiomes (gnotobiotic). We found that gnotobiotic insects harboring <em>R. rhodnii</em> alone developed faster, had higher survival, and laid more eggs than gnotobiotic <em>R. prolixus </em>harboring other bacterial monocultures, including other described symbionts of kissing bugs and several related <em>Rhodococcus </em>species. <em>R. rhodnii</em> grew to high titer in the guts of <em>R. prolixus</em> while other tested species were found at much lower abundance. <em>Rhodococcus </em>species tested had nearly identical B vitamin biosynthesis genes, and dietary supplementation of B vitamins had a relatively minor effect on development and survival of gnotobiotic <em>R. prolixus</em>. Our results indicate that <em>R. prolixus</em> have a higher fitness when harboring <em>R. rhodnii</em> than other bacteria tested, and that symbiont B vitamin synthesis is likely a necessary but not sufficient function of gut bacteria in kissing bugs.</p>
Fitness of gnotobiotic Rhodnius prolixus nymphs
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Data from: 2b-RAD genotyping for population genomic studies of Chagas disease vectors: Rhodnius ecuadoriensis in Ecuador
Background: Rhodnius ecuadoriensis is the main triatomine vector of Chagas disease, American trypanosomiasis, in Southern Ecuador and Northern Peru. Genomic approaches and next generation sequencing technologies have become powerful tools for investigating population diversity and structure which is a key consideration for vector control. Here we assess the effectiveness of three different 2b restriction site-associated DNA (2b-RAD) genotyping strategies in R. ecuadoriensis to provide sufficient genomic resolution to tease apart microevolutionary processes and undertake some pilot population genomic analyses. Methodology/Principal findings: The 2b-RAD protocol was carried out in-house at a non-specialized laboratory using 20 R. ecuadoriensis adults collected from the central coast and southern Andean region of Ecuador, from June 2006 to July 2013. 2b-RAD sequencing data was performed on an Illumina MiSeq instrument and analyzed with the STACKS de novo pipeline for loci assembly and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) discovery. Preliminary population genomic analyses (global AMOVA and Bayesian clustering) were implemented. Our results showed that the 2b-RAD genotyping protocol is effective for R. ecuadoriensis and likely for other triatomine species. However, only BcgI and CspCI restriction enzymes provided a number of markers suitable for population genomic analysis at the read depth we generated. Our preliminary genomic analyses detected a signal of genetic structuring across the study area. Conclusions/Significance: Our findings suggest that 2b-RAD genotyping is both a cost effective and methodologically simple approach for generating high resolution genomic data for Chagas disease vectors with the power to distinguish between different vector populations at epidemiologically relevant scales. As such, 2b-RAD represents a powerful tool in the hands of medical entomologists with limited access to specialized molecular biological equipment.
FIGURE 16 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 16. Fingerprint of the triatominae species produced by PCR-RFLP with BstUI enzyme on 2% agarose gel. M, 100bp DNA ladder marker; 1, R. montenegrensis n. sp.; 2, R. robustus.
FIGURE 14 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 14. The factorial map of the wing shape for the specimens R. robustus and R. montenegrensis n. sp.
FIGURE 13 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 13. Egg exochorion detail by scanning electron microscopy. A, R. montenegrensis n. sp.; B, R. robustus. ec, exochorion cell; ll, limiting line (Barata 1981).
FIGURE 11 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 11. Female external genitalia by SEM, posterior side. A, R. montenegrensis n. sp.; B, R. robustus. Ap, appendices; Gc 8, gonocoxite VIII; Gp 8, gonapophyse VIII; VII, VIII, IX, tergites; X, segment (Rosa et al. 2010).
FIGURE 8 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 8. Median process of the pygophore by SEM. A, R. montenegrensis n. sp.; B, R. robustus. gc, groove cuticle; gp, gross point; nb, narrow triangular base; sc, smooth cuticle; sp, slender point; wb, wide triangular base.
FIGURE 9 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 9. Female external genitalia by SEM, ventral side. A, R. montenegrensis n. sp., B, R. robustus. Gc 8, gonocoxite VIII; Gc 9, gonocoxite IX; Gp 8, gonapophyse VIII; VII, IX, esternites; X, segment (Rosa et al. 2010).
FIGURE 7 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 7. Phallus of R. montenegrensis n. sp. (A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view) and R. robustus (D, dorsal view; E, ventral view; F, lateral view). Cj, conjunctive; En, endosome; EPlb, median extension of basal plate; P, phallus; Plb, basal plate; PrG, gonopore process; PrPh, phallosoma process; Ph, phallosoma; PrCj, conjunctive process.
FIGURE 6 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 6. Scutellum by SEM. A, R. montenegrensis n. sp.; B, R. robustus. pr, pronotum; sc, scutellum; sb, semi-circular base; sg, glabrous space; cd, central depression; le, lateral edge; ap, apex of scutellum; pu, process of the I urotergite; tg, transverse groove.
FIGURE 4 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 4. Wing of R. montenegrensis n. sp. with the seven landmarks used in morphometric analysis. According to Gurgel- Gonçalves et al. (2008). Sc, subcosta vein.
FIGURE 5 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 5. Process of the I urotergite. A, R. montenegrensis n. sp.; B, R. robustus. ap, apex of scutellum; pu, process of the I urotergite; tg, transverse groove.
FIGURE 1 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 1. Localization of Monte Negro municipality where is collected R. montenegrensis n. sp. (S: 10° 10´05,1" and W:
FIGURE 12 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 12. Egg general vision by scanning electron microscopy. A, R. montenegrensis n. sp.; B, R. robustus. cl, collar; cr, chorial rim; ex, exochorion; nk, neck; op, operculum (Barata 1981).
FIGURE 10 in Description of Rhodnius montenegrensis n. sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the state of Rondônia, Brazil
FIGURE 10. Female external genitalia by SEM, dorsal side. A, R. montenegrensis n. sp.; B, R. robustus. VI, VII, VIII, IX, tergites (Rosa et al. 2010).
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