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Fig. 6 in Molecular phylogenies support taxonomic revision of three species of Laurencia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta), with the description of a new genus

Fig. 6. Scenario of Osmundea biogeography using frame from Scotese animation (www.scotese.com/) at 100 Ma. South America and Africa are starting to move apart. Hypothetical ancestors (A) of widespread and diverse Osmundea Fora along Tethyan shores of which Osmundea caspica (A.D.Zinova & Zaberzhinskaya) comb. nov. (b) is almost certainly a relic. Since 100 Ma, Osmundea has colonized the Atlantic Ocean (c, e). Brazilian O. sanctarum M.T.Fujii & Cord.-Mar. (c) is likely a relic of the lineage at the origin of the clade that entered the Pacifc (d) and colonized the Americas.

Fig. 5 in Molecular phylogenies support taxonomic revision of three species of Laurencia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta), with the description of a new genus

Fig. 5. Osmundea caspica (A.D.Zinova & Zaberzhinskaya). Sangachal Bay, Azerbaijan, September 2003, dredged. A. Habit of herbarium voucher specimen with epiphytic acrochaetioid red algae. B. Outer cortical cells in surface view, elongated along the thallus axis, lacking secondary pit connections. C. Longitudinal section through outer cortex (scale bar as in B). D. Part of mature spermatangial receptacle, showing spermatangial flaments each terminating in a large rounded sterile cell. E. Spermatangial flament bearing mature spermatia and terminating in a rounded sterile cell.

Fig. 4 in Molecular phylogenies support taxonomic revision of three species of Laurencia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta), with the description of a new genus

Fig. 4. Palisada crustiformans (McDermid). A. Voucher specimen of P. crustiformans (ARS03327/BISH 766726) collected at Hawaii Island (type locality). B. Outer cortical cells in surface view. C. Detail of outermost cortical cell showing small spherical structure similar to 'corps en cerise' and secondary pit connections with adjacent cells.

Fig. 3 in Molecular phylogenies support taxonomic revision of three species of Laurencia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta), with the description of a new genus

Fig. 3. Ohelopapa fexilis (Setch.). A. Voucher specimen (01A07 / UPF4223) collected at Tahiti (type locality). B. Transversal section through outer cortex showing a translucent outermost cortical layer lacking secondary pit connections between cells.

Fig. 1 in Molecular phylogenies support taxonomic revision of three species of Laurencia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta), with the description of a new genus

Fig. 1. Tree inferred from rbcL using Bayesian analysis (BI) and including 111 specimens of members of the Laurencia complex and six outgroup taxa. The numbers above branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities (pp) and below branches indicate bootstrap values (bp) inferred from 1000 ML bootstrap replicates (ML); pp <0.95 and bp <75% are not shown. Taxa for which new sequences were produced are indicated in bold.

Fig. 2. Tree inferred from COI-5P in Molecular phylogenies support taxonomic revision of three species of Laurencia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta), with the description of a new genus

Fig. 2. Tree inferred from COI-5P + rbcL + LSU using Bayesian analysis (BI) and including 30 specimens of the Laurencia complex and two outgroup taxa. The numbers above branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities (pp) and below branches indicate bootstrap values (bp) inferred from 1 000 ML bootstrap replicates (ML); pp <0.95 and bp <75% are not shown.

FIG. 2 in Molecular assessment of the tribes Streblocladieae and Polysiphonieae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in the British Isles reveals new records and species that require taxonomic revision

FIG. 2. — Phylogenetic tree estimated with ML analysis of rbcL sequences. Values at nodes indicate bootstrap support (BP) (only shown if ≥70). Species analysed in this study are grey-shaded and species or haplotypes found in the British Isles are in bold. For P. morrowii Harvey, the number (n) of sequences available for each haplotype is indicated. Codes for countries/regions: AD, Adriatic Sea; AR, Argentina; AUS, Australia; BC, British Columbia; CH, Chile; EN, England; FR, France; GUE, Guernsey; IR, Ireland; JA, Japan; KO, Korea; LG, Ligurian Sea; NZ, New Zealand; PO, Portugal; SP, Spain.

FIG. 1 in Molecular assessment of the tribes Streblocladieae and Polysiphonieae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in the British Isles reveals new records and species that require taxonomic revision

FIG. 1. — Collection sites of the species used in this study with indication of the European biogeographic regions according to van den Hoek and Breeman (1990): dark blue, cold-temperate northeast Atlantic Region; brown, warm-temperate northeast Atlantic subregion 1; green, warm-temperate northeast Atlantic subregion 2; light blue, east Mediterranean subregion.

FIG. 7 in Molecular assessment of the tribes Streblocladieae and Polysiphonieae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in the British Isles reveals new records and species that require taxonomic revision

FIG. 7. — Polysiphonia delicata Díaz-Tapia: A, habit; B, cross-section of an axis with four pericentral cells; C, rhizoid in open connection with a pericentral cell; D, cystocarp. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, 20 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 50 µm.

FIG. 6 in Molecular assessment of the tribes Streblocladieae and Polysiphonieae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in the British Isles reveals new records and species that require taxonomic revision

FIG. 6. — Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey: A, habit; B, upper part of an erect axis; C, apex of a branch with a pointed apical cell; D, young tetrasporangia in straight series. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, 100 µm; C, D, 50 µm.

FIG. 5 in Molecular assessment of the tribes Streblocladieae and Polysiphonieae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in the British Isles reveals new records and species that require taxonomic revision

FIG. 5. — Vertebrata tripinnata (J.Agardh) Kuntze: A, habit; B, rhizoid cut off from pericentral cells (arrowhead); C, cross-section of a prostrate axes with a rhizoid cut off from pericentral cells (arrowhead); D, cross-section of an axis with 18 pericentral cells; E, upper parts of erect axes with short branches and long apical trichoblasts; F, trichoblast with multinucleate cells; G, scar cells of trichoblasts spirally arranged on every segment (arrowheads). Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, 100 µm; C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm; E, 500 µm; F, 50 µm; G, 100 µm.

FIG. 3 in Molecular assessment of the tribes Streblocladieae and Polysiphonieae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in the British Isles reveals new records and species that require taxonomic revision

FIG. 3. —Vertebrata simulans (Harvey) Kuntze, P. ceramiiformis P.Crouan & H.Crouan morphotype: A, habit; B, upper part of a thallus; C, forcipate young branches. Vertebrata simulans: D, habit; E, upper part of a thallus; F, straight young branches; G, lateral short branches with mature tretrasporangia. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, 500 µm; C, F, G, 100 µm; D, 5 mm; E, 1000 µm.

FIG. 4 in Molecular assessment of the tribes Streblocladieae and Polysiphonieae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in the British Isles reveals new records and species that require taxonomic revision

FIG. 4. — Vertebrata fruticulosa (Wulfen) Kuntze: A, habit; B, lateral branch bearing determinate branches; C, determinate branches bearing two-three branching orders; D, cross-section of an axis with 11 pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana (Kützing) Piñeiro-Corbeira, Maggs & Díaz-Tapia from the Mediterranean Sea: E, F, habit; G, upper part of an erect axis with alternate determinate branches that are once branched; H, cross-section of an axis with eight pericentral cells. Vertebrata martensiana from the British Isles: I, J, habit; K, upper parts of erect axes with alternate determinate branches that are once or twice branched; L, cross-section of an axis with ten pericentral cells. Scale bars: A, B, E, F, I, J, 10 mm; C, D, H, K, L, 100 µm; G, 1000 µm.

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FIG. 3. — Amansia glomerata C in Phylogeography of Amansia glomerata C.Agardh (Ceramiales, Rhodomelaceae) in Hawai'i: A single species with high divergence

FIG. 3. — Amansia glomerata C.Agardh specimen sampling locations across the Hawaiian Archipelago. Each pie graph is scaled in size to the number of samples from each island or island group. An inset of the Main Hawaiian Islands is included and at a separate scale from the main map. The islands of Maui, Moloka'i, Lānaʻi, and Kaho'olawe are grouped together, as are the islands of Kaua'i and Ni'ihau. Channels and Islands of interest are labeled. Colors are representative of lineage designations (as per Figs 1; 2). Pie chart scaling does not change in inset map.

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FIG. 2 in Phylogeography of Amansia glomerata C.Agardh (Ceramiales, Rhodomelaceae) in Hawai'i: A single species with high divergence

FIG. 2. — Bayesian phylogeny of the genus Amansia J.V.Lamouroux based on the mitochondrial COI marker. Amansia glomerata C.Agardh makes up a majority of the sequences available for the genus. Lineages of A. glomerata are colored orange, blue, green, and gray to represent Lineages 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively (as per Fig. 1). Bars represent the results from species delimitation models derived from Bayesian Phylogenetics and Phylogeography (BPP), Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC), and bayesian Poisson Tree Process (bPTP).

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FIG. 1 in Phylogeography of Amansia glomerata C.Agardh (Ceramiales, Rhodomelaceae) in Hawai'i: A single species with high divergence

FIG. 1. — Haplotype network of Amansia glomerata C.Agardh from the Hawaiian Islands based on the mitochondrial COI region, including 129 samples. Each circle represents a unique haplotype and is scaled to size based on the number of sequences assigned to it. Colors are indicative of thermodynamically assigned subgroups and phylogenetically supported lineage designations:orange, Lineage 1; blue, Lineage 2;green, Lineage 3; and gray, Lineage 4. Haplotypes and lineages are arbitrarily numbered. Collection locations for each haplotype are listed alongside each lineage. The lectotype for A. glomerata is labeled L. Each perpendicular line bisecting the connecting lines between adjacent haplotypes represents one nucleotide difference. Haplotype numbers correspond to those in Appendix 1.

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FIGURE 4 in Genetic investigation of three type specimens of Osmundea (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from the Gulf of California, Mexico and California, USA

FIGURE 4. RaxML phylogram of fifteen Osmundea specimens sequenced in this study based on the rbcL gene sequences under the GTR + gamma model. Bootstrap values and Bayesian posterior probabilities are shown along the branches. Fully supported branches (bootstrap 100% and 1.0 Bayesian posterior probabilities) are indicated with an *.

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FIGURE 2 in Genetic investigation of three type specimens of Osmundea (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from the Gulf of California, Mexico and California, USA

FIGURE 2. Isotype specimen of Laurencia sinicola, UC 2041541, collected by Marchant and analyzed in this study. Bar = 3 cm.

opennotspecifiedNov 2016View details →

FIGURE 19 in Chondrophycus anabeliae (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales), a new species in the Laurencia complex from the Mexican Caribbean

FIGURE 19. Consensus tree derived from Neighbor-joining analyses of rbcL sequences. The bootstrap values for NJ and ML, and Bayesian inference (BI) posterior probabilities are shown at the nodes (NJ/ML/BI);—indicates lack of bootstrap support; * indicates bootstrap support = 100%. Taxa marked in bold indicate newly determined sequences.