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98 results for “Root biomass”
Impacts of Deer and Moose on Soil Carbon, Soil Respiration, and Root Biomass at Harvard Forest since 2017
Over the past decade, several deer and moose exclosures have been built at Harvard Forest to study the effect of ungulate browsing on tree regeneration, species diversity, and composition. We built on the existing infrastructure to study the impacts of deer and moose browsing on soil carbon stocks (soil C, root biomass) in regenerating forests.
Above ground plant, belowground stem and root biomass in Arctic Long-term Ecological Research's 2006 moist acidic tussock tundra experimental sites, 2012, Toolik Lake, Alaska.
Above ground plant, belowground stem and root biomass was measured in moist acidic tussock tundra experimental sites established in 2006 by the Arctic Long-term Ecological Research site (ARC-LTER. Control plots and plots amended with three different levels of nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P), F10 (10 g/m2 N and 5 g/m2 P); F5 (5 g/m2 N and 2.5 g/m2 P); F2 (2 g/m2 N and 1 g/m2 P), were sampled.
Root Biomass, Fine Root Production, Soil Mass, and Soil pH in Limed and Control Plots at the Woods Lake Watershed, Adirondack Park, NY, USA, 2021-2022
In 1989, 6.89 Mg/ha of pelletized lime (CaCO3) was applied by helicopter to two subcatchments at the Woods Lake Watershed in Adirondack Park, New York, USA to ameliorate ecosystem acidification. Two unlimed (control) subcatchments were paired with limed subcatchments. In the same year, 99 permanent plots (20 m x 20 m) were established. Between 2008 and 2010, tree inventory and soil physicochemical measurements were made in five plots in each of the four subcatchments (20 plots total). This dataset contains soil physicochemical properties (dry mass, depth, and pH); root biomass (<1 mm, 1-2 mm, and >2 mm diameter); and annual fine root production (<1 mm and 1-2 mm) measurements made between 2021 and 2022 in 19 of these same plots (5 plots per control subcatchment and 4 or 5 plots per limed subcatchment). Data include measurements for all properties for Oe, Oa, and 0-10 cm mineral soil samples collected from 5 locations within each plot.
Mangrove biomass and root architecture in recycled glass sand, SE Louisiana 2023-2024
As coastal regions experience accelerating land loss, artificial substrates may be useful in restoration efforts to replenish sediment and facilitate plant colonization. Recycled glass sand is a potential artificial substrate for marsh building due to its sustainability, availability, and similarity to natural substrates. However, differences in texture and availability of microbiota necessitate investigating how it affects plant growth. We tested the effect of three substrates (conventionally used dredged river sand, recycled glass sand, and a 50:50 mix) and inoculation with natural soil microbes on the biomass and root architecture of black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) in a 5.5 month greenhouse experiment.
Plant and root biomass, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus concentrations in a mesic acidic tussock tundra experimental site established in 1981(MAT81) and harvested in 2015, Arctic LTER, Toolik Lake, Alaska.
Plant and root biomass, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus were measured in 2015 in the Arctic LTER tussock tundra experimental site (MAT81). This site was established in 1981 and has been harvested in previous years (see Shaver and Chapin Ecological Monographs, 61(1), 1991, pp.1-31, https://doi.org/10.2307/1942997). Data tables include the biomass for each harvested quadrat and block summaries for percent carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus for control and fertilized plots from the original 4-block design. New control plots, established in 2015, are in a separate data table and include biomass, percent carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus for each quadrat.
Patterns of root biomass, productivity, turnover, and decomposition in riverine and scrub mangroves in the Everglades, Florida, USA, immediate-post-Irma, 2018-2019, and post-Irma, 2023-2024
Mangrove root biomass, productivity, and decomposition in the shallow (0-45 cm depth) root zone were estimated at Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research (FCE-LTER) Program Shark River (SRS4, SRS5, SRS6, SRS7) and Taylor River (TS/Ph6b, TS/Ph7b) mangrove sites during 2018-2019 and 2023-2024 following Hurricane Irma’s impacts in September 2017. Root biomass was estimated at all sites during both immediate-post-Irma (March 2018) and post-Irma (February-May 2023) periods with a PVC coring device (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length) using the same sampling protocol previously published for the study area (Castañeda-Moya et al. 2011). After collection, root cores were processed individually and initially rinsed with water through a 1-mm screen mesh to remove soil particles. Roots were separated manually based on their buoyancy, turgor, and color into biomass (live) and necromass (dead) components (Castañeda-Moya et al. 2011; Cormier et al. 2015; Medina-Calderon et al. 2021). Live roots were further sorted into three size diameter classes including fine (<2 mm), small (2-5 mm), and coarse (5-20 mm). Roots greater than 20 mm in diameter were not included in this study due to sampling limitations (i.e., core area). All root samples were oven-dried at 60°C to a constant mass and weighed to estimate root biomass and necromass (g m-2). Root productivity was estimated with the ingrowth core technique (Vogt et al., 1998) during both the immediate-post-Irma and post-Irma periods using the same sampling protocol previously published for the study area (Castañeda-Moya et al. 2011). Ingrowth cores (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length) were made of synthetic material (3 mm mesh) and filled with root-free commercial sphagnum peat moss. This material has similar soil properties (i.e., bulk density, organic matter content, total C and N) as mangrove peat in our study sites. Ingrowth cores were installed in each of the cored holes formed during sampling of root biomass. At each
Biomass totals and root biomass (partitioned by percent of total leaf area) for species, tissue type, and functional group for the Arctic LTER experimental 1981 mesic acidic tussock tundra (MAT81) for the 2000 and 2015 harvests, Toolik Field Station, Alaska.
Whole plant biomass totals and root biomass (partitioned by percent of total leaf area) for species, tissue type, and functional group for the Arctic LTER experimental 1981 mesic acidic tussock tundra (MAT81) for the 2000 and 2015 harvests. Because most of the root biomass could not be identified to species in either 2000 or 2015, the calculation of root biomass and element content for roots not identified to species was estimated by the proportion of those species’ contributions to total leaf area. Specific Leaf Area (SLA = leaf area per gram leaf, centimeter squared per gram) values were available from several previous harvests of this experiment; in the present study, we used measurements from the 1995 harvest (Shaver et al. 2001).
Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Litter and Soil Decomposition: Fine Root Biomass and Chemistry
The influence of inorganic nitrogen (N) inputs on decomposition is poorly understood. Some prior studies suggest that N may reduce the decomposition of substrates with high concentrations of lignin via inhibitory effects on the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes, although such inhibition has not always been demonstrated. The purpose of E145 was to study the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on decomposition of seven substrates ranging in initial lignin concentrations (from 7.4 - 25.6%) over five years in eight different grassland and forest sites in central Minnesota.
Root biomass, productivity, and turnover of riverine and scrub mangroves in the Everglades, Florida, USA, 2000-2006
Mangrove root biomass and productivity in the shallow (0-45 cm depth) and deeper (45-90 cm) root zones were estimated at Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research (FCE-LTER) Program Shark River (SRS4, SRS5, SRS6) and Taylor River (TS/Ph6b, TS/Ph7b, TS/Ph8) mangrove sites during 2000-2006. Root biomass was estimated at all sites using a PVC coring device (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length). After collection, root cores from each zone were processed individually and initially rinsed with water through a 1-mm screen mesh to remove soil particles. Live roots were separated manually based on their buoyancy, turgor, and color. Live roots were further sorted into three size diameter classes including fine (<2 mm), small (2-5 mm), and coarse (5-20 mm). Roots greater than 20 mm in diameter were not included in this study due to sampling limitations (i.e., core area). All root samples were oven-dried at 60°C to a constant mass and weighed to estimate root biomass (g m-2). Root productivity was estimated with the ingrowth core technique (Vogt et al., 1998). Ingrowth cores (10.2 cm diameter x 45 cm length) were made of synthetic material (3 mm mesh) and filled with root-free commercial sphagnum peat moss. This material has similar soil properties (i.e., bulk density, organic matter content, total C and N) as mangrove peat in our study sites. Ingrowth cores were installed in each of the cored holes formed during sampling of root biomass. At each site, ingrowth cores were deployed vertically into the soil and retrieved at one- and three-year intervals, and the subsequent root growth within the ingrowth core was used to estimate annual root production (g m-2 yr-1) in the shallow and deeper root zones across all mangrove sites. After collection, ingrowth cores were processed individually using the same protocol as for root biomass. Root turnover rate in the shallow root zone was calculated as root productivity divided by root biomass of each root size class at all site
PBB03 Belowground Plot Experiment: Belowground plot experiment: biomass and nutrient content of Roots
To address the potential interactive effects of fire, aboveground biomass removal, and nutrient amendments on above- and belowground responses, a long-term field experiment was initiated in 1986 as part of the Konza Prairie Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program. The general goals of this experiment are: 1) to document both short- and long-term responses of plants and soils to fire, aboveground biomass removal (a surrogate for grazing in these small plots), and nutrient amendments (additions of N and/or P); and 2) to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying tallgrass prairie responses to fire, aboveground biomass removal and nutrient enrichment. Standing crops of live and dead grass roots(0.1 sq. m2 x 20cm deep samples) are taken in late summer periodically from 64 belowground plots. N and P content are determined on live and dead grass roots. N and P concentrations for forb roots are available for some plots in some years.
Deschampsia biomass, soil microbes and endophyte root colonization for snowmelt and microbial innoculation transplant experiment in the Green Lakes Valley, 2015-2018
As organisms shift their geographic distributions in response to climate change, biotic interactions have emerged as an important factor driving the rate and success of range expansions. Plant-microbe interactions are an understudied but potentially important factor governing plant range shifts. We studied the distribution and function of microbes present in high-elevation unvegetated soils, areas that plants are colonizing as climate warms, snow melts earlier and the summer growing season lengthens. Using a manipulative snowpack and microbial inoculation transplant experiment, we tested the hypothesis that growing season length and microbial community composition interact to control plant elevational range shifts. We predicted that a lengthening growing season combined with dispersal to patches of soils with more mutualistic microbes and fewer pathogenic microbes would facilitate plant survival and growth in previously unvegetated areas. We identified negative effects on survival of the common alpine bunchgrass Deschampsia cespitosa in both short and long growing seasons, suggesting an optimal growing season length for plant survival in this system that balances time for growth with soil moisture levels. Importantly, growing season length and microbes interacted to affect plant survival and growth, such that microbial community composition increased in importance in suboptimal growing season lengths. Further, plants grown with microbes from unvegetated soils grew as well or better than plants grown with microbes from vegetated soils. These results suggest that the rate and spatial extent of plant colonization of unvegetated soils in mountainous areas experiencing climate change could depend on both growing season length and soil microbial community composition, with microbes potentially playing more important roles as growing seasons lengthen.
Below ground root biomass, carbon and nitrogen concentrations by depth increments from the Anaktuvuk River Fire site in 2011
Below ground root biomass was measured by depth increments at three sites at and around the Anaktuvuk River Burn: severely burned, moderately burned and unburned. Roots were also analyzed for carbon and nitrogen concentrations.
Summary of below ground root biomass, carbon and nitrogen concentrations from the Anaktuvuk River Fire site in 2011
A summary of below ground root biomass, carbon and nitrogen concentrations, measured at three sites at and around the Anaktuvuk River Burn: severely burned, moderately burned and unburned.
Alaska Peatland Experiment: 2009 All sites Root Biomass data taken during peak biomass (late July)
This dataset includes root biomass data taken at peak biomass during the 2009 growing season. Data was collected at the Alaskan Peatland Experiment sites. Sites included: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and the Gradient.
Alaska Peatland Experiment: 2010 Alpha Root Biomass data taken during peak biomass (late July)
This dataset includes root biomass data taken at peak biomass during the 2010 growing season. Data was collected at the Alaskan Peatland Experiment Alpha site. Root biomass was collected for the root respiration experiment conducted at the control plot of the Alpha site. The root respiration experiment was used to partition root respiration from ecosystem respiration at the control plot.
Alaska Peatland Experiment: 2011 Gradient Root Biomass data taken during peak biomass (late July)
This dataset includes root biomass data taken at peak biomass during the 2011 growing season. Data was collected at the Alaskan Peatland Experiment Gradient site. Root biomass was collected for the root respiration experiment conducted at the Sedge/forb and control plots of the Gradient site. The root respiration experiment was used to partition root respiration from ecosystem respiration a both of these plots.
Alaska Peatland Experiment: 2011 Beta Root Biomass data taken during peak biomass (late July)
This dataset includes root biomass data taken at peak biomass during the 2011 growing season. Data was collected at the Alaskan Peatland Experiment Beta and Gamma sites.
Alaska Peatland Experiment: 2010-2011 Root Respiration Experiment Aboveground biomass
This dataset includes aboveground biomass data collected at peak biomass during the 2010 and 2011 growing season along the wetland gradient. Data for 2010 was taken at the rich fen only and data for the 2011 season was taken at the rich fen and sedge/forb fen.
Post-fire succession in 1994 Hajdukovich Creek Burn: measurements of root biomass, shoot biomass, total plant C content, total plant N content for aspen and spruce
This dataset contains measurements of root biomass, shoot biomass, total plant C, and total plant N of 10 aspen and 10 spruce saplings harvested in one severely burned and one lightly burned site in the 1994 Hajdukovich Creek burn.
Root biomass data: Long-Term Nitrogen Deposition: Population, Community, and Ecosystem Consequences
The purpose of this experiment is to measure how adding nitrogen over a long time will affect the number of species, the type of species present, the amount of annual growth, and the change from year to year in the growth of each species in a plant community which is also relieved of grazing by large and small mammals. The experiment is being conducted within fields (A, B, C, and D) which were initially low in soil nutrients. There are 8 different levels of nitrogen addition with other nutrients added to ensure that nitrogen remains the limiting nutrient, and a control which receives no nutrients. There are 6 replicates of the 9 treatments in fields A, B, and C and 5 replicates in field D. The treatments were randomly assigned to the plots. In fields A, B, and C the plots are in 6 by 9 grids and are 4 by 4 meters in size with 1 meter aisles between plots. In field D the plots are 1.5 by 4 meters and are placed in a 3 by 17 grid. The plots are enclosed by a fence to keep out mammalian herbivores. Gophers are trapped and removed as they appear. Nitrogenfertilizer (NH4NO3) is applied twice per year, once in early May and once in late June. This experiment was begun in 1982 by David Tilman.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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