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25 results for “Rosales”
Diversification in the Rosales is influenced by dispersal, geographic range size, and pre-existing species richness
<p>Biodiversity results from origination and extinction; thus there is interest in determining those traits that influence this balance. Among traits implicated in the success or failure of lineages are dispersal, colonization ability, and geographic range size. We investigate the impact of dispersal and range size on contemporary diversity in the order Rosales.</p> <p> We use the MuSSE method to explore the effects on genus-level diversification of two genus-level traits (geographic range size and within-genus proclivity to speciate), and two species traits (seed dispersal and growth habit). We then used MuHiSSE for species-level associations. Finally, we conducted a PGLS (phylogenetic least-squares) analysis to distinguish between speciation within genera versus origination of new genera.</p> <p>At the species-level, animal dispersal enhances diversification rate in both woody and herbaceous lineages, while woody lineages without animal dispersal have higher extinction rates than speciation rates. At the genus level, herbaceous taxa have positive diversification rates regardless of other character states. Diversification rate variation is also explained by two interactions: (1) a three-way interaction between large geographic range, animal-mediated dispersal, and high within-genus species richness, whereby genera possessing all three traits have high diversification rates, and (2) a four-way interaction by which the three-way interaction is stronger in woody genera than in herbaceous genera.</p> <p>Colonization ability may underlie the relationship between dispersal type and range size and may influence past diversification rates by decreasing extinction rates during late Cenozoic times of climate volatility. Thus, colonization ability could be used to predict future extinction risk to improve conservation success.</p> <p>Please be aware that if you ask to have your user record removed, we will retain your name in the records concerning manuscripts for which you were an author, reviewer, or editor. In compliance with data protection regulations, you may request that we remove your personal registration details at any time. (Use the following URL: https://www.editorialmanager.com/ajb/login.asp?a=r). Please contact the publication office if you have any questions.</p>
Fig. 4 in Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii
Fig. 4. Mean leaf gall infestation level on new shoots associated with chemical treatments and untreated control (1–5, where 1 = no infestation and 5 = severe infestation), where * indicates P ≤ 0.05 and ** indicates P ≤ 0.01 within each sampling month (Kruskal–Wallis test).
Fig. 5 in Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii
Fig. 5. Mean ratings of tree health condition (A) and mean ratings of new shoot emergence (B) 14 mo afer treatment (rating of tree health condition: 1 = excellent, 2 = good, 3 = fair, 4 = poor, 5 = dead; rating of new shoots emergence: 1 = many, 2 = moderate, 3 = some, 4 = few, 5 = very few). Means with the same letter are not significantly different (Kruskal–Wallis test).
Fig. 2 in Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii
Fig. 2. Mean stem gall infestation levels on new shoots associated with chemical treatments and untreated control (1–5, where 1 = no infestation and 5 = severe infestation), where * indicates P ≤ 0.05 and ** indicates P ≤ 0.01 within each sampling month (Kruskal–Wallis test).
Fig. 3 in Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii
Fig. 3. Mean percentage (± SE) of leaves infested with leaf gall wasps associated with chemical treatments and untreated control. Means with the same letter are not significantly different (ANOVA).
Fig. 1 in Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii
Fig. 1. Mean number (± SE) of stem galls (on 45 cm shoots) associated with chemical treatments and untreated control. Means with the same letter are not significantly different (ANOVA).
Fig. 6 in Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii
Fig. 6. Mean ratings of tree health condition (A) and mean ratings of new shoot emergence (B) 22 mo afer treatment (rating of tree health condition: 1 = excellent, 2 = good, 3 = fair, 4 = poor, 5 = dead; rating of new shoots emergence: 1 = many, 2 = moderate, 3 = some, 4 = few, 5 = very few). Means with the same letter are not significantly different (Kruskal–Wallis test).
Fig. 1 in Occurrence of Anastrepha fraterculus and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in organically grown Rubus (Rosales: Rosaceae), in two contrasting environments of northwestern Argentina
Fig. 1. Precipitation (P), evapotranspiration (ET), and hydric balance (HB = P − ET) near Monte Grande (27.0000°S, 65.4000°W; 350 m altitude; Tucumán, Argentina) in 2013 (A) and 2014 (B).
Fig 1 in Host specificity evaluation for Gynaikothrips uzeli (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) on ornamental Ficus (Rosales: Moraceae)
Fig 1. Cage setup for Ficus benjamina variety choice test with Gynaikothrips uzeli in the greenhouse (year 2).
Linked collectors and determiners for: Colección de Rosales, Salviniales, Santalales, Sapindales, Saxifragales, Schizaeales y Selaginellales del Museo Botánico CORD - IMBIV.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Colección de Rosales, Salviniales, Santalales, Sapindales, Saxifragales, Schizaeales y Selaginellales del Museo Botánico CORD - IMBIV". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/023e40d3-1cd2-479c-a166-10c9ec0a2e68">https://bionomia.net/dataset/023e40d3-1cd2-479c-a166-10c9ec0a2e68</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/023e40d3-1cd2-479c-a166-10c9ec0a2e68">https://gbif.org/dataset/023e40d3-1cd2-479c-a166-10c9ec0a2e68</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Figures 1–9 in Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) found on dracaena and ficus plants (Asparagales: Asparagaceae, Rosales: Moraceae) from southeastern Asia
Figures 1–9. Some scale insects collected on dracaena and ficus plants in Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam. 1) Drepanococcus chiton (Green). 2) Paralecanium quadratum (Green). 3) Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner). 4) Fiorinia coronata Williams and Watson. 5) Gymnaspis ficus Ramakrishna Ayyar. 6) Unaspis acuminata (Green). 7) Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley. 8) Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell). 9) Rhizoecus americanus (Hambleton).
Figures 1–6 in Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of the white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on Prunus salicina Lindl. (Rosales: Rosaceae) in South Korea
Figures 1–6. Five species of parasitoids associated with Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) on Japanese plum trees in South Korea. 1) Parasitoid emergence holes in scale covers of P. pentagona (white peach scale). 2) Aphytis proclia (Walker), female. 3) Encarsia berlesei (Howard), female. 4) Marietta carnesi (Howard), female. 5) Pteroptrix orientalis (Silvestri), female. 6) Arrhenophagus chionaspidis Aurivillius, female.
Diversification in the Rosales is influenced by dispersal, geographic range size, and pre-existing species richness
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Fig. 1 in Host specificity studies on Gynaikothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) associated with leaf galls of cultivated Ficus (Rosales: Moraceae) trees
Fig. 1. Pronotal posteroangular setae showing variation in length.
Fig. 2. Four Ficus benjamina plants inside a in Host specificity studies on Gynaikothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) associated with leaf galls of cultivated Ficus (Rosales: Moraceae) trees
Fig. 2. Four Ficus benjamina plants inside a collapsible cage.
FIGURE 1 in Eriophyoid mites (Acari: Trombidiformes: Eriophyoidea) of Rosales trees in Iran: two new species and three new records
FIGURE 1. Schematic drawings of Rhinophytoptus nemalobos n. sp.: LM. Lateral view; AD. Prodorsal shield; CG. Female coxigenital region; em. Empodium; IG. Internal female genitalia (all specimens heavily sclerotized: poor visibility of spermathecal tubes). Scale bar: 10 Μm for AD, LM, CG, IG; 2.5 Μm for em.
FIGURE 3 in Eriophyoid mites (Acari: Trombidiformes: Eriophyoidea) of Rosales trees in Iran: two new species and three new records
FIGURE 3. Schematic drawings (all originally drawn by Lotfollahi from specimens collected in Iran) of the prodorsal shield for: A. Aceria mori (Keifer, 1939); B. Eriophyes similis (Nalepa, 1890); C. Eriophyes pyri (Pagenstecher, 1857); D. Calepitrimerus baileyi Keifer, 1938; E. Phyllocoptes abaenus Keifer, 1940; F. Aculus fockeui (Nalepa & Trouessart, 1890). Scale bar: 10 Μm.
FIGURE 2 in Eriophyoid mites (Acari: Trombidiformes: Eriophyoidea) of Rosales trees in Iran: two new species and three new records
FIGURE 2. Schematic drawings of Aceria lobolinguae n. sp.: AL. Lateral view of anterior body region; AD. Prodorsal shield; CG. Female coxigenital region; em. Empodium; IG. Internal female genitalia; LO. Lateral view of annuli; L1. Leg I; PM. Lateral view of posterior opisthosoma. Scale bar: 10 Μm for AD, AL, CG, IG, PM; 5 Μm for LO, L1; 2.5 Μm for em.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Paspalum (Paspaleae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) from Ario de Rosales, México, with partially homogenized synflorescences
FIGURE 3. Caryopses in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views, and stained cross-sections showing the starch grains. A–B. Paspalum prodigiosum Sánchez-Ken. C–D. Paspalum paniculatum L. E–F. Paspalum squamulatum E. Fourn.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Paspalum (Paspaleae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) from Ario de Rosales, México, with partially homogenized synflorescences
FIGURE 4. Stereomicroscope images of vegetative and reproductive characters of Paspalum paniculatum L. (A–C) and P. prodigiosum Sánchez-Ken (D–H). A. and D. Ligular area, adaxial view (pseudoligule: left arrow; ligule: right arrow). B. Apex of a primary branch showing an apical 3-flowered spikelet. C. Spikelets (left two: 2-flowered; right: 3-flowered) and H. Spikelets (first: 3-flowered; right two: 2-flowered). E. Segment of a primary branch, proximal region showing secondary and tertiary branches (arrows). F. Segment of a primary branch, proximal region showing a short secondary branch with three spikelets (arrow). G. Segment of a primary branch, proximal region showing a 3-flowered spikelet (arrow).
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