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370 results for “Seasonal variations”
Imaging Data from Sub-Seasonal Variation in Neptune's Mid-Infrared Emission by Roman et al.
<p>Images of Neptune as used in <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.00033"><strong>Imaging Data from Sub-Seasonal Variation in Neptune's Mid-Infrared Emission </strong></a>by Michael T. Roman, Leigh N. Fletcher, Glenn S. Orton, Thomas K. Greathouse, Julianne I. Moses, Naomi Rowe-Gurney, Patrick G. J. Irwin, Arrate Antunano, James Sinclair, Yasumasa Kasaba, Takuya Fujiyoshi, Imke de Pater, Heidi B. Hammel.</p> <p>Data are from various observatories/telescope instruments, including:</p> <ul> <li>The European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, VISIR</li> <li>Keck Observatory, LWS</li> <li>Subaru Observatory, COMICS</li> <li>Gemini North, Michelle and TEXES</li> <li>Gemini South, T-ReCS</li> </ul> <p>Data were acquired from observatory archives and flux calibrated, when possible, by comparison to standard stars, with spectral radiances expressed in units of W/m<sup>2</sup>/sr/micron. North is up in the images. The first extension (ext=0) is the image in native spatial resolution. The second extension (ext=1) features the disk normalized in size to that of the finest data (i.e., to a disk with an equatorial width of 51.8 pixels, as imaged by VLT-VISIR on August 13, 2018).</p> <p>Image file names and times correspond to approximate mid-time of combined image sequences, and will differ from original file headers.</p> <p>Questions concerning these data should be directed towards Michael Roman, m.t.roman@le.ac.uk or michael.thomas.roman@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Dataset and codes for 'Climatic control on seasonal variations of glacier surface velocity'
<p><strong>This repository contains the codes and processed data used to retrieve 10-day changes in glacier surface velocity over the Western Pamir.</strong></p> <p>The supp_CODES.zip contains all details and codes to use COSI-CORR (<a href="http://www.tectonics.caltech.edu/slip_history/spot_coseis/">http://www.tectonics.caltech.edu/slip_history/spot_coseis/</a>) to process a large batch of satellite images. The images can be downloaded directly via <a href="https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/">https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/</a> or <a href="https://scihub.copernicus.eu/">https://scihub.copernicus.eu</a>. Please read the Methods and Data section of the associated manuscript for details.</p> <p> </p> <p>The Matrix_velocities.zip contains, for each of the 48 investigated glaciers, the DEM, X, Y (NANNI_2022_supp_glacier_centreline_DEM_XY_1px_30m_1.txt) as well as a matrix of n*m with m the distance along flow and n the number of time step over which the velocity is calculated (NANNI_2022_supp_glacier_centreline_vel_matrix_1px_30m_1.txt), ans the associated figure that show the multi year velocity changes together with the one year average and the along centreline profiles. An example is shown in the two figures for glacier 48 in the main repository.</p> <p> </p> <p>The NANNI_2022_supp_glacier_characteristics file contains the glacier characteristics (48*8), as shown in the associated figures.</p> <p> </p> <p>The NANNI_2022_supp_pickedpoints_migration_AUTUMN/SPRING contains the automatically picked points for the onset of the acceleration in Spring and Autmun for each glacier. The headers contains the information, and the files contains is shown in the associated figure.</p> <p>the temperature profiles used to calculate the Iso 0C are in NANNI_2022_supp_temp_perday_fedchenko_2400m</p> <p>The position of each 48 glacier is shown in the associated figure.</p> <p> </p> <p>You can also find the processed velocity fields (velocity magnitude) under the different path an row: p151r33.zip and p152r33.zip for Landsat8, T42SYJ.zip and T43SBD.zip for Sentinel 2. In these folder you will a find a .tif file names similar to:</p> <p><em>Working_cosicorr_windows_FCorr_16days_p152r33_159_175_AB_1101110_Filtered_correlations_p152r33_filtered_abs.tif</em></p> <p>The name of the files gives information about the time span used (16days), the path and raw (p152r33), the data of the slave in DOY from 2013 (159) and of the master (175).</p> <p>The Statistics.zip file contains for each path and row the associated DEM, glacier mask (RGI), median magnitude (ABS), median NS displacement (NS), median EW displacemnt (EW), with the associated median absolute deviation (MAD). The files containing 'bflt' corresponds to the values computed before the filtering procedure, and the one without, after the filtering procedure. </p> <p>The .tif files are not georeferenced, but are all projected on the same grid with a 30m square pixel size on a UTM 33 42N projection.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>Please contact me for any question.</p> <p> </p> <div class="notranslate"> </div>
Dataset _ Influence of the seasonal variation of environmental conditions on biogas upgrading in an outdoors pilot scale high rate algal pond
<p>This is the dataset used for the publication of the journal article title<em> “</em><strong>Influence of the seasonal variation of environmental conditions on biogas upgrading in an outdoors pilot scale high rate algal pond”. </strong>In this dataset there is all the information collected in the experimentation process.</p>
Dataset _ Seasonal variation of biogas upgrading coupled with digestate treatment in an outdoors pilot scale algal-bacterial photobioreactor
<p>This is the dataset used for the publication of the journal article title<em> “</em><strong>Seasonal variation of biogas upgrading coupled with digestate treatment in an outdoors pilot scale algal-bacterial photobioreactor</strong><strong>”. </strong>In this dataset there is all the information collected in the experimentation process.</p>
Data from: Seasonal variation in wildlife roadkills in plantations and tropical rainforest in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India
<p>This dataset contains animal roadkill data (2011-13) from the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India. Occurrence records were gathered in the field by researchers of the <a href="https://www.ncf-india.org">Nature Conservation Foundation, India</a>. The dataset corresponds to the following publication:</p> <p>Jeganathan, P., Mudappa, D., Kumar, M. A., and Raman, T. R. S. 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626">Seasonal variation in wildlife roadkills in plantations and tropical rainforest in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India</a>. <em>Current Science</em> 114(3): 619-626. DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626</p> <p>CONTACT #1<br> 1. Name: P. Jeganathan<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: jegan@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0238-0655</p> <p>CONTACT #2<br> 1. Name: Divya Mudappa<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: divya@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-4826</p> <p>CONTACT #3<br> 1. Name: M. Ananda Kumar<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: anand@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7094-1314</p> <p>CONTACT #4<br> 1. Name: T. R. Shankar Raman<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: trsr@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3953</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>tropical rainforest, plantations, Anamalai Hills, animal roadkill, linear infrastructure intrusions, highways, road ecology, animal-vehicle collisions </p> <p><strong>Geographic Coverage:</strong><br> 1. Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India<br> 2. GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (10°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52' - 76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12' - 10°35'N, 76°49' - 77°24'E)</p> <p><strong>Temporal Coverage:</strong><br> 1. Begins: 2011-06-01 (Year, Month, Day)<br> 2. Ends: 2013-05-31 (Year, Month, Day)</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong></p> <p>Methods involved repeated surveys along the road routes searching for roadkills and habitat sampling as described in <a href="https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626">Jeganathan et al. (2018),<em> Current Science</em> 114(3): 619-626</a>, DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626</p> <p><strong>Files included:</strong></p> <p>Besides this 00_README.txt file, the dataset includes the following six files as explained below:<br> 1) 01_habitat_length.csv -- details of road routes surveyed as line transects<br> 2) 02_sampling_events.csv -- details of individual line transect sample surveys along road routes<br> 3) 03_roadkill_data_final.csv -- roadkill occurrence data from sample surveys along road routes<br> 4) 04_canopy_and_habitat.csv -- canopy and habitat readings along road routes (transects) surveyed<br> 5) 05_roadkill_transects_all.kml -- KML file containing geographic tracks of 11 road routes surveyed as roadkill transects<br> 6) 06_road_transects_map.jpg -- Map of surveyed routes corresponding to Figure 1 in Jeganathan et al. (2018)</p> <p><strong>01_habitat_length.csv</strong><br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> route_description: description of road route<br> tlength_km: transect length along road in kilometres (km)<br> tlength_m: transect length along road in metres (m)<br> forest: extent of the road in metres (m) with forest on both sides<br> forest_tea: extent of the road in metres (m) with forest on one side, tea on the other<br> coffee_forest: extent of the road in metres (m) with forest on one side, coffee plantation on the other<br> tea: extent of the road in metres (m) with tea plantation on both sides<br> coffee: extent of the road in metres (m) with coffee plantation on both sides<br> eucalyptus: extent of the road in metres (m) with eucalyptus plantation on both sides<br> eucalyptus_tea: extent of the road in metres (m) with eucalyptus on one side, tea plantation on the other</p> <p><strong>02_sampling_events.csv</strong><br> season: monsoon (June to December 2011) or summer (March to June 2012 prior to the onset of 2012 monsoon)<br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> tcode: unique code for each individual survey of a road route (transect) coevered on a specific date<br> eventDate: date of road survey<br> tlength: transect length along road in kilometres (km)</p> <p><strong>03_roadkilldata_final.csv</strong><br> sno: serial number of observation<br> season: monsoon (June to December 2011) or summer (March to June 2012 prior to the onset of 2012 monsoon)<br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> tcode: unique code for each individual survey of a road route (transect) coevered on a specific date<br> eventDate: date of road survey<br> fielddate: date of road survey as initially noted (for two surveys completed over two successive days, the initial date was recorded as eventDate for 2011-06-17 = 2011-06-16 and eventDate for 2011-07-06 = 2011-07-05<br> tlength: transect length along road in kilometres (km)<br> verbatimIdentification: original identification of roadkilled taxon<br> vernacularName: common name of taxon<br> scientificName: scientific name of taxon for corresponding taxonomic level of identification<br> taxonRank: rank of taxon indicating for corresponding taxonomic level of identification<br> taxonRemarks: category of taxon as noted for analysis<br> verbatimCoordinateSystem: coordinate system used for initial data collection<br> verbatimSRS: SRS of the location data collected (EPSG:32643/WGS84)<br> georeferenceRemarks: note indicating locations were converted from UTM (zone 43 N) to latitude longitude using QGIS software<br> verbatimLongitude: UTM longitude (Easting) as originally recorded<br> verbatimLatitude: UTM latitude (Northing) as originally recorded<br> decimalLongitude: longitude in decimal degree East<br> decimalLatitude: latitude in decimal degrees North<br> habitat: habitat on either side of the road (forest - forest on both sides; forest_tea - forest on one side, tea on the other; human - human settlements; coffee - coffee plantation on both sides; coffee_forest - coffee on one side, forest on the other; eucalyptus - eucalyptus plantation on both sides; eucalyptus_tea - eucalyptus on one side, tea on the other; tea - tea plantation)<br> individualCount: number of individuals recorded as roadkill (0 if no roadkills in that survey)<br> occurrenceStatus: indicated as 'present' for roadkills, or 'absent' if no roadkills recorded<br> occurrenceRemarks: notes and remarks if any</p> <p><strong>04_canopy_and_habitat.csv</strong><br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> verbatimroute: route name as originally noted<br> sno: serial number<br> canopycover: 0 if tree canopy absent, 1 if tree canopy present above point of observation<br> canopyoverlap: horizontal overlap of tree canopy above point of observation ranked as 0 - no canopy above; 1 canopy present but barely touching or overrlapping; 2 - canopy overlapping with sky still visible through leaves; 3 - canopy overlaps overhead densely with sky scarcely visible<br> verticaloverlap: vertical gap between canopy or branches of trees above point of observation ranked as 0 - very wide; 1 - barely touching, 2 - significant vertical overlap, 3 - substantial and dense vertical overlap<br> habcode: two letter alphabetical code with each letter indicating habitat on one side of the road at the point of observation with f - forest, t - tea, c - coffee, e - eucalyptus, v - village or human habitation, m - dam or reservoir<br> habno: numeric category for habitat on either side coded as 1 for monocultures (ee, tt); 2 for mixed forest and plantation (ef, ft, etc.); 3 for forest (ff), and 4 for coffee plantation (cc)<br> longitude: longitude in decimal degrees east<br> latitude: latitude in decimal degrees north</p> <p><strong>05_roadkill_transects_all.kml</strong><br> This KML file contains all 11 road routes surveyed as roadkill transects.</p> <p><strong>06_road_transects_map.jpg</strong><br> This map illustrating the surveyed road routes corresponds to Figure 1 in <a href="https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626">Jeganathan et al. (2018), <em>Current Science</em> 114(3): 619-626</a>, DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626</p>
WACCM-X simulation output in support of publication "Impact of upward propagating migrating diurnal and semidiurnal tides on the ionosphere-thermosphere seasonal variation"
<p>This dataset contains simulation output from the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere-ionosphere eXtension (WACCM-X) in support of the publication "Impact of upward propagating migrating diurnal and semidiurnal tides on the ionosphere-thermosphere seasonal variation". Data files include the simulation results for a five-member ensemble of free-running simulations, simulations without the upward propagating diurnal migrating tide (DW1), and simulations without the upward propagating semidiurnal migrating tide (SW2). </p>
Fig. 5 in Seasonal and longitudinal variation in fish assemblage structure along an unregulated stretch of the Middle Uruguay River
Fig. 5. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) applied to ordinate samples according to variations in fish composition and abundance along the Uruguay River. Rectangles depict groups confirmed by a Multiple Response Permutation Procedure (Tab. 2). Sites: S1 = upstream; S6 = downstream. Seasons: Au= Autumn; Sp= Spring; Su= Summer and Wi= Winter.
Fig. 2 in Seasonal and longitudinal variation in fish assemblage structure along an unregulated stretch of the Middle Uruguay River
Fig. 2. Variation (mean ±standard deviation) in species richness and biomass (CPUEb/100m2) along the river channel (A and C) and among seasons (B and D), in the Middle Uruguay River. Sites: S1 = upstream; S6 = downstream. Different letters indicate statistical difference (p <0.05).
Data from: Spatial and seasonal variation in thermal sensitivity within North American bird species
<p>Responses of wildlife to climate change are typically quantified at the species level, but physiological evidence suggests significant intraspecific variation in thermal sensitivity given adaptation to local environments and plasticity required to adjust to seasonal environments. Spatial and temporal variation in thermal responses may carry important implications for climate change vulnerability; for instance, sensitivity to extreme weather may increase in specific regions or seasons. Here, we leverage high-resolution observational data from eBird to understand regional and seasonal variation in thermal sensitivity for 20 bird species. Across their ranges, most birds demonstrated regional and seasonal variation in both thermal peak and range, or the temperature and range of temperatures of greatest occurrence. Some birds demonstrated constant thermal peaks or ranges across their geographic distributions and while others varied according to local and current environmental conditions. Across species, birds typically invested in either geographic or seasonal adaptation to climate. Local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity are likely important but neglected aspects of organismal responses to climate change.</p>
FIGURE 7 in Hodgson, C. et al. (2008) Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Pseudococci- dae), an invasive mealybug damaging cotton in Pakistan and India, with a discussion on seasonal morphological variation. Zootaxa, 1913, 1-35.
FIGURE 7. First-instar nymph of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley from Pakistan and India. Labels as in Fig. 1.
Figs 2, 3 in Seasonal variations in ixodid tick populations on a commercial game farm in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
Figs 2, 3. Numbers of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus collected in wetter and drier months (2), and in warmer and cooler months (3).
Fig. 2 in Seasonal Variation (Winter Vs. Summer) Crustacean Fauna Of The Oualidia Lagoon, Morocco
Fig. 2. Changes in the composition and structure of the crustacean assemblage between winter and summer: A — abundance (ind./m2); B — species richness; C —diversity of Shannon (H') and (D) evenness (J'). Mean ± standard deviation.
Datasets and R codes used for the analyses in "Seasonal variation in home range size of White-Backed Woodpeckers"
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Knowing a species’ area requirements is fundamental for species conservation. For the nominate subspecies of the White-backed Woodpecker<em> Dendrocopos leucotos</em>, a species of high conservation concern in Europe, estimates of the seasonal and year-round area requirements based on telemetry are missing. In the present study, we radio-tracked adult White-backed Woodpeckers in Central Europe and investigated bi-monthly home range sizes based on three home range estimators in relation to season, sex, body weight, and year. Home range size of 49 radio-tracked individuals varied depending on the used home range estimator, with minimum convex polygons (MCP) and autocorrelated kernel density estimation (AKDE) producing 1.6 – 1.8 and 2 – 3.3 times larger seasonal home ranges than traditional kernel density estimation (KDE). Moreover, home range sizes varied between seasons. Home ranges were smallest in February/March (predicted median home range sizes ranged from 35 ha with KDE to 88 ha with AKDE) and April/May (KDE: 30 ha, AKDE: 55 ha) and larger during the rest of the year (KDE: 48 – 67 ha, AKDE: 136 – 184 ha). The mean home range size of six individuals tracked in all seasons (calculated with all locations per individual) was 116 ha with KDE, 304 ha with MCP and 350 ha with AKDE. Our results highlight the importance of considering the full annual cycle when addressing area requirements of White-backed Woodpeckers and likely also of other species. Furthermore, our study shows that using multiple methods for home range estimation may be useful to obtain results that are both comparable with those of other studies and capture the range in which the true home range size is likely to be. For the conservation of the White-backed Woodpecker, we conclude that at least 116 to 350 ha of forest should be present for a pair.</p>
Data and code from: Seasonal variation in the response to a toxin-producing cyanobacteria in Daphnia
<p>Data and code accompanying: </p> <p>Hegg, Radersma & Uller. 2022. Seasonal variation in the response to a toxin-producing cyanobacteria in Daphnia. Freshwater Biology, accepted.</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <ol> <li>Many populations of water fleas (<em>Daphnia</em>) are exposed to algal blooms dominated by microcystin-producing cyanobacteria. However, the severity of these effects on <em>Daphnia</em> fitness remain poorly understood in natural populations. </li> <li>We investigated seasonal changes in body size, reproduction and survival of <em>Daphnia</em> <em>longispina</em> individuals from five eutrophic lakes in southern Sweden. We tested whether individuals collected before, during or following algal blooms differed in their reproduction and survival when experimentally exposed to microcystin-producing cyanobacteria. </li> <li>The concentration of microcystin in the lakes was significantly higher during summer and autumn compared to spring, but there were substantial differences between lakes. The reproductive output of individuals declined consistently over the season, and this decline was stronger for <em>Daphnia</em> collected during periods of, or lakes from, high microcystin concentration. There was little evidence that individuals adapted to the toxin over the season. </li> <li>The strong seasonal changes in body size, reproduction and survival in these <em>Daphnia</em> <em>longispina</em> appears to be partly caused by variation in the abundance of toxin-producing cyanobacteria. Populations were unable to adapt sufficiently quickly during summer and autumn to recover from the negative effects of microcystin. We therefore suggest that seasonal increases in tolerance to microcystin-producing cyanobacteria have limited effects on the eco-evolutionary dynamics between <em>Daphnia</em> and phytoplankton.</li> </ol>
CEDAR Project: A Whole-Atmospheric Perspective on Connections between Intra-Seasonal Variations in the Troposphere and Thermosphere
<p>This collaborative award is aimed at studying the relationship between the variability of thermospheric winds to the variability caused by wave structures generated in the tropical troposphere. This coupling is driven by wave excitation by deep convection in the tropical troposphere that can propagate vertically into the thermosphere. Tropospheric convection associated with the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO), the dominant mode of intra-seasonal variability in tropical convection and circulation, is known to modulate the intensity of upward‐propagating gravity and Kelvin waves. Previous work demonstrated that a 90-day oscillation in tropospheric convection during 2009-2010 was imprinted on both thermospheric mean winds and the eastward propagating wavenumber 3 diurnal (DE3) tidal amplitudes. This modulation was observed by the GOCE and CHAMP satellites and modeled with the TIME-GCM. The research effort would broaden participation by involving and training two undergraduate student interns through the University of Colorado BOLD internship program that focuses on promoting the recruitment, retention, and development of traditionally underrepresented engineering students.<br> <br> The new research will follow up on the results obtained in recent studies that demonstrated that strong coupling between the troposphere and the thermosphere occurs on intra-seasonal timescales. The award will address the following questions:<br> Q1: How frequent, prevalent, and persistent are correlations between 30 to 100-day variations in the three regions of troposphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere, during the past two decades?<br> Q2: What plausible roles do large-scale upward propagating waves play in dynamically coupling tropical tropospheric intra-seasonal variability into the thermosphere?<br> Q3: Is there any observational evidence suggesting a connection between this troposphere-thermosphere intra-seasonal coupling and MJO, Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)?<br> The combination of available upper atmosphere satellite data with ground-, and model-based datasets would be studied to provide insight into whether the intra-seasonal variations in the waves are caused by variability in the tropospheric sources or by wave-mean flow interactions. In the case of the latter, the study would determine at which heights these interactions are occurring. This study will determine the contribution of global-scale wave coupling between the troposphere and the thermosphere, thus addressing outstanding issues of fundamental importance to the CEDAR community.</p> <p>This research primarily involves performing correlation analyses and extracting wave information from satellite (CHAMP, GOCE, Swarm-C, TIMED, OLR), ground (Kauai, Christmas Island, and Adelaide, Maui, Urbana, and Chile), and model (MERRA-2, TIE-GCM, and WACCM-X) -based datasets and processing, plotting, data produced in standard ways to draw scientific conclusions. </p> <p>This project does not generate any new physical or observational data. The Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR) principles are followed by making data resources (e.g. code/software and metadata) resulting from this project publicly available.</p> <p>GOCE, CHAMP, Swarm-C data (V01) are available at ftp://anonymous@thermosphere.tudelft.nl/. SABER data (V2.0, L2B) are available at http://saber.gats-inc.com/data.php. Tl DI data (V3.7) are available at http:// timed.hao.ucar.edu/tidi/. OLR data are available at https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/ data.interp_OLR.html. F10.7 data are available at http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/content/data-access. kp/ap data are available at ftp:// ftp.gfz-potsdam.de/pub/home/obs/ kp-ap/.</p>
Seasonal and ontological variation in diet and age-related differences in prey choice, by an insectivorous songbird
<p>The diet of an individual animal is subject to change over time, both in response to short-term food fluctuations and over longer time scales as an individual ages and meets different challenges over its life cycle. A metabarcoding approach was used to elucidate the diet of different life stages of a migratory songbird, the Eurasian reed warbler (<em>Acrocephalus scirpaceus</em>) over the 2017 summer breeding season in Somerset, UK. The faeces of adult, juvenile and nestling warblers were screened for invertebrate DNA, enabling the identification of prey species. Dietary analysis was coupled with monitoring of Diptera in the field using yellow sticky traps. Seasonal changes in warbler diet were subtle whereas age class had a greater influence on overall diet composition. Age classes showed high dietary overlap, but significant dietary differences were mediated through the selection of prey; i) from different taxonomic groups, ii) with different habitat origins (aquatic versus terrestrial) and iii) of different average approximate sizes. Our results highlight the value of metabarcoding data for enhancing ecological studies of insectivores in dynamic environments. </p>
No relationship between chronotype and timing of breeding when variation in daily activity patterns across the breeding season is taken into account
<p>There is increasing evidence that individuals are consistent in the timing of their daily activities, and that individual variation in temporal behaviour is related to the timing of reproduction. However, it remains unclear whether observed patterns relate to the timing of the onset of activity or whether an early onset of activity extends the time that is available for foraging. This may then again facilitate reproduction. Furthermore, the timing of activity onset and offset may vary across the breeding season, which may complicate studying the above mentioned relationships. Here, we examined in a wild population of great tits (Parus major) whether an early clutch initiation date may be related to an early onset of activity and/or to longer active daylengths. We also investigated how these parameters are affected by the date of measurement. In order to test these hypotheses we measured emergence and entry time from/into the nest box as proxies for activity onset and offset in females during the egg laying phase. We then determined active daylength. Both emergence time and active daylength were related to clutch initiation date. However, a more detailed analysis showed that the timing of activities with respect to sunrise and sunset varied throughout the breeding season both within and among individuals. The observed positive relationships are hence potentially statistical artifacts. After methodologically correcting for this date effect, by using data from the pre-egg laying phase, where all individuals were measured on the same days, neither of the relationships remained significant. Taking methodological pitfalls and temporal variation into account may hence be crucial for understanding the significance of chronotypes.</p>
"Monthly velocity and seasonal variations of the Mont Blanc glaciers derived from Sentinel-2 between 2016-2024" - supplementary materials
<p>The repository contains the supplementary materials to be downloaded relative to the research article:</p> <p>“Monthly velocity and seasonal variations of the Mont Blanc glaciers derived from Sentinel-2 between 2016-2024” </p> <p>https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2771</p> <p>The available files are:</p> <p>-92 raster maps of monthly velocity of the study area.</p> <p>-Shapefiles whith the glacier outlines of the 30 studied glaciers.</p> <p>-Shapefiles of the velocity time series extraction areas.</p> <p>-Velocity time series 2016-2024 of the 30 glaciers from the study. </p>
Figure 1 in Circadian and seasonal variations in the metabolism of carbohydrates in Aegla ligulata (Crustacea: Anomura: Aeglidae)
Figure 1. Circadian and seasonal variations of haemolymphatic glucose levels in Aegla ligulata Bond-Buckup and Buckup, 1994, males and females. Data are given as mean ± SEM. The number of animals at each point varied between 15 and 20. The same letter denotes significantly different means (P<0.05). * denotes significantly different means of the spring (Sep, Oct and Nov), winter (Jun, Jul and Aug), summer (Dec, Jan and Feb) and autumn (Mar, Apr and May). Numbers 1, 2 and 3 stand for the collection times: 0600, 1200 and 1800 h, respectively.
Seasonal and local time variation in the observed peak of the meteor altitude distributions by meteor radars
<p>These uploaded datasets support and appear in the the paper entitled "<strong>Seasonal and local time variation in the observed peak of the meteor altitude distributions by meteor radars</strong>" prepared by: </p> <p>E.C.M. Dawkins<sup>1,2</sup>, D. Janches<sup>1</sup>, G. Stober<sup>3</sup>, J.D. Carrillo-Sánchez<sup>1,2</sup>, R.S. Lieberman<sup>1</sup>, C. Jacobi<sup>4</sup>, T. Moffat-Griffin<sup>5</sup>, N.J Mitchell<sup>5,6</sup>, N. Cobbett<sup>5</sup>, P.P.Batista<sup>7</sup>, V.F. Andrioli<sup>7,8</sup>, R.A. Buriti<sup>9</sup>, D.J. Murphy<sup>10</sup>, J. Kero<sup>11</sup>, N. Gulbrandsen<sup>12</sup>, M. Tsutsumi<sup>13,14</sup>, A. Kozlovsky<sup>15</sup>, M. Lester<sup>16</sup>, J.-H. Kim<sup>17</sup>, C. Lee<sup>17</sup>, A. Liu<sup>18</sup>, B. Fuller<sup>19</sup>, D. O’Connor<sup>19</sup>, S.E. Palo<sup>20</sup>, M.J. Taylor<sup>21</sup>, J.Marino<sup>22</sup>, and N. Rainville<sup>20</sup>.</p> <p> </p> <p>1 ITM Physics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt MD, U.S.A.</p> <p>2 Department of Physics, Catholic University of America, DC, U.S.A.</p> <p>3 University Bern, Institute of Applied Physics, Microwave Physics, Bern, Switzerland</p> <p>4 Institute for Meteorology, Leipzig University, Germany</p> <p>5 British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, U.K.</p> <p>6 University of Bath, Bath, U.K.</p> <p>7 National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil</p> <p>8 China-Brazil Joint Laboratory for Space Weather, NSSC/INPE, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil</p> <p>9 Department of Physics, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil</p> <p>10 Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, TAS, Australia</p> <p>11 Swedish Institute of Space Physics (IRF), Kiruna, Sweden</p> <p>12 Tromsø Geophysical Observatory, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway</p> <p>13 National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan</p> <p>14 The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Tokyo, Japan</p> <p>15 Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Finland</p> <p>16 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, U.K.</p> <p>17 Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, S. Korea</p> <p>18 Center for Space and Atmospheric Research and Department of Physical Sciences, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, Florida, U.S.A.</p> <p>19 Genesis Software, Pty Ltd., Adelaide, SA, Australia</p> <p>20 Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research (CCAR), Ann and H.J. Smead Aerospace Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, U.S.A.</p> <p>21 Department of Physics, Utah State University, Logan, UT, U.S.A</p> <p>22 University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, U.S.A</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>The datasets below are titled according to the figure in which they are used (e.g. "Fig3" for Figure 3, "Fig4" for Figure 4).<br>All uploaded datasets comprised of ASCII files.<br><br>Dataset descriptions:</p> <ul> <li>Figure 3 datasets (<strong>18 files in total</strong>): Each of the 18 different files corresponds to a different meteor radar station (SVA, TRO, KIR, SOD, COL, BLO, CAR, ASI, LEA, CPa, SMa, CON, TdF, KEP, KSS, ROT, DAV, MCM). Within each file, the data comprise of peak meteor altitudes (km) as a function of local time (24) and day-of-year (DOY). </li> <li>Figure 4 datasets (<strong>18 files in total</strong>): As above, but the data now represent the weighted elevation angle in degrees.</li> <li>Figure 5 datasets (<strong>24 files in total</strong>): These data can be used to plot the residual seasonal variation in peak altitude for each of the 18 locations, organized by geographic clusters. There are 24 different Figure 5 datasets, with each including the normalized residual seasonal variation in peak altitude (km) for stations within one of six different geographic clusters (Nordic high-latitude, Northern mid-latitude, Near-equatorial, Southern low/mid-latitude, Southern Andes, Mainland Antarctica) for each local time (00:00 LT, 06:00 LT, 12:00 LT, or 18:00 LT). Each file includes the data for all stations within that given cluster (i.e., "Fig5__Mainland_Antarctica__06LT__Dawkins_et_al_2024.tex" includes data for the Mainland Antarctica cluster (both DAV and MCM) for 06:00 LT), as a function of day-of-year (365) and normalized altitue (km).</li> <li>Figure 6 datasets (<strong>4 files in total</strong>): These data represent the mean absolute deviation (MAD, km) of each of the different geographic clusters as function of DOY (365) for four different local times (00:00 LT, 06:00 LT, 12:00 LT, and<br>18:00 LT).</li> <li>Figure 7 datasets (<strong>14 files in total</strong>): These files present the kinetic gravity wave energy (KGWE) as a function of day-of-year and altitude (km). 12 of the files correspond to one of the following locations: SVA, TRO, KIR, SOD, COL, BLO, CON (ALO only), TdF, KEP, KSS, ROT or DAV. There are two additional files ("Fig7__KGWE__time__Dawkins_et_al_2024.txt" and "Fig7__KGWE__altitude__Dawkins_et_al_2024.txt") which include the time (day-of-year) and altitudes (km) used.</li> <li>Figure 8 datasets (<strong>2 files in total</strong>): These two files ("Fig8__CABMOD_profiles__data__Dawkins_et_al_2024.txt" and "Fig8__CABMOD_profiles__altitude__Dawkins_et_al_2024.txt") include the data necessary to reproduce all panels in Figure 8 which shows the vertical mass profiles from CABMOD for a meteoric particle with a fixed initial mass (178 μg) and velocity (31 kms−1), at a latitude of 60 deg S. The dataset (mass, μg) corresponds to 8 different month and entry angles (in order: March, June, September, December for particle entry angles of 5 deg and 25 deg, respectively) and 201 altitudes (km).</li> <li>Figure 9 datasets (<strong>8 files in total</strong>): These data represent the simulated and observed peak altitudes (km) as a function of day-of-year and LT for each of the four Southern Andes meteor radar station locations (TdF, KEP, KSS, ROT).</li> </ul>
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