Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig. 4 in Sexual dimorphism and morphometrics in two populations of the Neotropical freshwater turtle Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei (Testudines, Chelidae)

Fig. 4. Multidimensional distribution of females (F) and males (M) of Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei (Bour, 1973), using the seven variables selected by the best model. In this ranking we present information about 64 sexed individuals captured in ParQue Nacional da Chapada dos GuimarÃes (PNCG) and in EstaÇÃo Ecológica Serra das Araras (EESA), Brazil.

Fig. 3 in Sexual dimorphism and morphometrics in two populations of the Neotropical freshwater turtle Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei (Testudines, Chelidae)

Fig. 3. Multidimensional distribution of females (F) and males (M) of Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei (Bour, 1973), using eight morphometric variables commonly measured in chelonians in EstaÇÃo Ecológica Serra das Araras (EESA), Brazil.

Fig. 1 in Sexual dimorphism and morphometrics in two populations of the Neotropical freshwater turtle Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei (Testudines, Chelidae)

Fig. 1. Measured morphometric variables of the individuals of Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei (Bour, 1973). Head: Head width (HW); Head length (HL); Interorbital width (IOW); Tympanum-snout length (TSL); Tympanum length (TYL); Tympanum width (TW). Carapace: Nuchal scute length (NL); Carapace length (CL); Maximum carapace width (MCW); Central carapace width (CCW); Length of third central scute (LC3); Width of third central scute (WC3). Shell: Maximum carapace height (MHS). Plastron: Maximum plastron length (MPL); Mid-ventral suture length plastron (MVSL); Maximum plastron width (MPW); Anterior lobe width (ALW); Posterior lobe width (PLW); Width of left and right gular scutes (WGS); Length of left gular scute (LGS); Left gular scute length (GSL); Intergular scute width (IG); Left pectoral scute width (PSW); Left pectoral scute length (PEL); Left abdominal scute length (ASL); Left abdominal scute width (ASW); Maximum bridge length (MBL); Minimum bridge length (MBL2); Left anal scute width (ANSW); Left anal scute length (ANSL); Internal diagonal of anal scute (IDS); Carapace anal plastron terminal distance (CPD). Tail: Precloacal length (PCL); Tail length (TL).

Fig. 2 in Sexual dimorphism and morphometrics in two populations of the Neotropical freshwater turtle Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei (Testudines, Chelidae)

Fig. 2. Multidimensional distribution of females (F) and males (M) of Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei (Bour, 1973), using eight morphometric variables commonly measured in chelonians in ParQue Nacional da Chapada dos GuimarÃes (PNCG), Brazil.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Assessing size at sexual maturity and fine-scale population structure in a direct developing whelk (Buccinum undatum) in Southern Newfoundland, Canada

R script file used to filter genotype data, estimate L50, and analyze patterns of population structure of Buccinum undatum in Southern Newfoundland, Canada. Also included are the following files required to run the script: populationsNWA.snps.vcf - Northwest Atlantic group output at the conclusion of the Stacks de novo pipeline pop_map_NWA.txt - Population map for the Northwest Atlantic group genlightNWAFullFilt.rds - Filtered genotype data for the Northwest Atlantic group populations3Ps.snps.vcf - 3Ps group output at the conclusion of the Stacks de novo pipeline  pop_map_3Ps.txt - Population map for the 3Ps group genlight3PsFullFilt.rds - Filtered genotype data for the 3Ps group maturity_data.csv - Data set containing, shell length, sex, and maturity status for samples. sample_site_coordinates_3Ps.csv - Data set containing coordinates of 3Ps sample sites

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

Asymmetric density-dependent competition does not contribute to the maintenance of sex in a mixed population of sexual and asexual Potamopyrgus antipodarum

Asexual reproduction is expected to have a two-fold reproductive advantage over sexual reproduction, owing to the cost of producing males in sexual subpopulations. The persistence of sexual females thus requires an advantage to sexual reproduction, at least periodically. Here we tested the hypothesis that asexual females are more sensitive to limited resources. Under this idea, fluctuations in the availability of resources (per capita) could periodically favor sexual females when resources become limited. We combined sexual and asexual freshwater snails (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) together in nylon mesh enclosures at three different densities in an outdoor mesocosm. After one month, we counted the brood size of fertile female snails. We found that fecundity declined significantly with increasing density. However, sexual females did not produce more offspring than asexual females at any of the experimental densities. Our results thus suggest that the cost of sexual reproduction in P. antipodarum is not ameliorated by periods of intense resource competition.

opencc-zeroJun 2022View details →

Population genomics and sexual signals identify reproductive interference in Uperoleia

When closely related species come into contact via range expansion, both may experience reduced fitness as a result of the interaction. Selection is expected to favor traits that minimize costly interspecies reproductive interactions (such as mismating) via a phenomenon called reproductive character displacement (RCD). Research on RCD frequently assumes secondary contact between species, but the geographic history of species interactions is often unknown. Landscape genomic data allows tests of geographic hypotheses about species origins and secondary contact through range expansion. We used landscape genomic data from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), mitochondrial sequence data, advertisement call data, and morphological data to investigate a species complex of toadlets (Uperoleia borealis, U. crassa, U. inundata) from northern Australia. Although the three species of frogs were morphologically indistinguishable in our analysis, we determined that U. crassa and U. inundata form a single species (synonymized here) based on an absence of genomic divergence. SNP data identified the phylogeographic origin of U. crassa as the Top End, with subsequent westward invasion into the range of U. borealis in the Kimberley. We identified six F1 hybrids, all of which had the U. borealis mitochondrial haplotype, suggesting unidirectional hybridization. Consistent with the RCD hypothesis, U. borealis and U. crassa sexual signals differ more in sympatry than in allopatry. Hybrid males have intermediate calls, which likely reduces attractiveness to females. Integrating landscape genomic data, mitochondrial sequencing, morphology, and behavioral approaches supplies us an unusually detailed collection of evidence for reproductive character displacement following range expansion and secondary contact.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

Data from: What ecological factors favor parthenogenesis over sexual reproduction? A study on the facultatively parthenogenetic mayfly Alainites muticus in natural populations

Different reproductive modes are characterized by costs and benefits which depend on ecological contexts. For example, sex can provide benefits under complex biotic interactions, while its costs increase under mate limitation. Furthermore, ecological contexts often vary along abiotic gradients. Here, we study how these factors simultaneously influence the frequency of sex in the facultatively parthenogenetic mayfly Alainites muticus . We first verified that parthenogenesis translates into female-biased population sex ratios. We then measured the density of individuals (a proxy for mate limitation) and community diversity (biotic interaction complexity) for 159 A. muticus populations covering a broad altitudinal gradient and used structural equation modeling to investigate their direct and indirect influences on sex ratios. We found no effect of community diversity or altitude on sex ratios. Furthermore, even when females can reproduce parthenogenetically, they generally reproduce sexually, indicating that the benefits of sex exceed its costs in most situations. Sex ratios only become female-biased under low population densities, as expected if mate limitation was the main factor selecting for parthenogenesis. Mate limitation might be widespread in mayflies because of their short adult lifespan and limited dispersal, which can generate strong selection for reproductive assurance and may provide a stepping-stone towards obligate parthenogenesis.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2010View details →

Fig 2 in Sexual Size Dimorphism In Free-Living Populations Of Mus Musculus: Are Male House Mice Bigger?

Fig 2. Variation in SSD during the first five weeks of postnatal development in five mice populations. SSD is expressed as Lowich-Gibbons ratios of mean body weight (see under Material and Methods)

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2010View details →

Fig. 1 in Sexual Size Dimorphism In Free-Living Populations Of Mus Musculus: Are Male House Mice Bigger?

Fig. 1. Map of the studied localities: 1 = Czech Republic, 2 = The Balkans, 3 = Iran, 4 = Jordan, 5 = hybrids. See Material and Methods for coordinates of the localities

Fig. 2 in Sexual dimorphism and population differentiation in the Chilean Neotropical moth Macaria mirthae (Lepidoptera, Geometridae): a wing geometric morphometric example

Fig. 2. Benítez et al. (2015), representation of the 13 morphological landmarks identified in the forewings of Macaria mirthae.

Fig. 3 in Sexual dimorphism and population differentiation in the Chilean Neotropical moth Macaria mirthae (Lepidoptera, Geometridae): a wing geometric morphometric example

Fig. 3. PCA analysis of the sexual shape dimorphism of Macaria mirthae: the figure shows the first two orthogonal PC components' axes that represent the shape space dimensions, also a decomposition of shape variation between sexes. *Each point represents a different shape.

Fig. 5 in Sexual dimorphism and population differentiation in the Chilean Neotropical moth Macaria mirthae (Lepidoptera, Geometridae): a wing geometric morphometric example

Fig. 5. Multivariate regression of the wing shape on the wing centroid size of Macaria mirthae. Grey points represent female wings and black points represent male wings.

Fig. 1 in Sexual dimorphism and population differentiation in the Chilean Neotropical moth Macaria mirthae (Lepidoptera, Geometridae): a wing geometric morphometric example

Fig. 1. Graphical scheme of the location of the two Valleys in Atacama Desert in the north of Chile.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Fig. 2 in Pupal size distribution and sexual dimorphism in wild and laboratory populations of two species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) fruit flies

Fig. 2. Canonical analysis for pupae size parameters of males and females of laboratory and wild populations in Anastrepha ludens. The canonical analysis is represented on the first canonical axis (can 1), where the boxplots indicate the populations (laboratory and wild) and sexes (males and females) (lef). The variables of pupae size: length (mm), width (mm), and weight (mg) are indicated by vectors (right).

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Fig. 1 in Pupal size distribution and sexual dimorphism in wild and laboratory populations of two species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) fruit flies

Fig. 1. Size distribution of laboratory and wild Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua male and female pupae. The proportion of male and female pupae is shown in 10 pupal size classes (pupal diam mm) on the x-axis.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Fig. 3 in Pupal size distribution and sexual dimorphism in wild and laboratory populations of two species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) fruit flies

Fig. 3. Canonical analysis for pupae size parameters of males and females of laboratory and wild populations in Anastrepha obliqua. The canonical analysis is represented on the first canonical axis (can 1), where the boxplots indicate the populations (laboratory and wild) and sexes (males and females) (lef). The variables of pupae size: length (mm), width (mm), and weight (mg) are indicated by vectors (right).

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2012View details →

Figure 2 in Sexual size dimorphism in Rana (Pelophylax) ridibunda ridibunda Pallas, 1771 from a population in Darre-Shahr Township, Ilam Province, western Iran

Figure 2. The presence of vocal pouches (a) and digital pads (b) in male Rana (Pelophylax) ridibunda ridibunda distinguishes them from females.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2012View details →

Figure 3 in Sexual size dimorphism in Rana (Pelophylax) ridibunda ridibunda Pallas, 1771 from a population in Darre-Shahr Township, Ilam Province, western Iran

Figure 3. Ordination of the individual males and females of Rana (Pelophylax) ridibunda ridibunda on the first two principal components. Note the relative degree of isolation between males and females, which is mainly attributed to SVL, LHL, LFL, HL, and HW in the PC1 and EEL and ELW in the PC2.