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84 results for “Stream Frogs”
Data from: movement or plasticity: acoustic responses of a torrent frog to stream geophony
<p>Vocalization is the main form of communication in many animals, including frogs, which commonly emit advertisement calls to attract females and maintain spacing. In noisy environments such as streams, mechanisms to maximize signaling efficiency may include vocal plasticity and/or movement of individuals to quieter sections, but which strategy is used is still uncertain. We investigated the influence of stream geophony on the advertisement call of the torrent frog <em>Hylodes perere</em> in the Atlantic Rainforest, southeastern Brazil. In a mark-recapture study, we tested if males remain in their territories and thus adjust their advertisement calls to maximize their communication. We ran mixed linear and generalized models to verify the relation of call parameters and stream geophony, body size and environmental temperature. We found that males remained in the same location across time, increased call intensity in noisier environments but did not reduce call effort. Males also increased the dominant frequency in these situations, suggesting a modulation in this parameter. Our results indicate that territoriality is an important factor to males to increase call intensity to surpass stream noise instead of repositioning along the stream. However, because call effort was maintained, we suggest that sexual selection is crucial in this system, favoring males that better detect others and adjust their call efficiency. This is the first study to evaluate simultaneously frog movements and adaptations to geophony, which contributes to the investigation of the concomitant environmental and sexual selective pressures in species that communicate in noisy environments.</p>
Fig. 3 in New records, range extension and call description for the stream-breeding frog Hyloscirtus lascinius (Rivero, 1970) in Venezuela
Fig. 3. Habitat of Hyloscirtus lascinius at Campamento Guacharaca, Sierra de Perijá, Zulia state (A). Males calling from a branch; (B) and from a rocky wall; (C) at the edge of the creek in Campamento Guacharaca. Photos: F.J.M. RojasRunjaic.
Fig. 2 in New records, range extension and call description for the stream-breeding frog Hyloscirtus lascinius (Rivero, 1970) in Venezuela
Fig. 2. Distribution of Hyloscirtus lascinius in Venezuela and Colombia. 1: Campamento Guacharaca, Sierra de Perijá, Zulia state, Venezuela. 2: San Luis, Mérida state, Venezuela. 3: Road Santa Cruz de Mora-La Macana, Mérida state, Venezuela. 4: Quebrada Ovalles, Mérida state, Venezuela. 5: Quebrada De La Rana, Mérida state, Venezuela. Yellow triangle: Tabor, Tamá massif, Táchira state, Venezuela (type locality); White pentagon: Chinácota, Norte de Santander department, Colombia (Sánchez 2010); The record of headwaters of Río Táchira, Norte de Santander, Colombia (Ruiz-Carranza et al. 1996) and additional localities between Delicias and Tabor (Rivero 1970) are included in the yellow triangle that indicates the type locality.
Fig. 1 in New records, range extension and call description for the stream-breeding frog Hyloscirtus lascinius (Rivero, 1970) in Venezuela
Fig. 1. Hyloscirtus lascinius from Venezuela. (A) Campamento Guacharaca, Sierra de Perijá, Zulia state; (B) Near La Macana, Mérida state; (C) Quebrada La Rana, Mérida state. Photos: F.J.M. Rojas-Runjaic (A) and C.L. Barrio-Amorós (B and C).
Figure 3 in Tadpole deposition behaviour in male stream frogs Mannophryne trinitatis (Anura: Dendrobatidae)
Figure 3. Histogram showing the number of tadpoles in different weight classes collected from pond B at Mount Saint Benedict. Newly deposited tadpoles are nearly all in the first size class (,0.045 g; see depositions in Table I).
Figure 1 in Tadpole deposition behaviour in male stream frogs Mannophryne trinitatis (Anura: Dendrobatidae)
Figure 1. Map of the Mount Saint Benedict site used for the deposition experiment. The numbers correspond to the tubs positioned at the site (see Table I for tub distances from the stream and altitude measurements).
Figure 2 in Tadpole deposition behaviour in male stream frogs Mannophryne trinitatis (Anura: Dendrobatidae)
Figure 2. Histogram showing the number of tadpole depositions in each size class at Mount Saint Benedict (with collection of tadpoles every other day, N522).
Data from: movement or plasticity: acoustic responses of a torrent frog to stream geophony
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Fig. 4 in New records, range extension and call description for the stream-breeding frog Hyloscirtus lascinius (Rivero, 1970) in Venezuela
Fig. 4. Oscillogram (A) and spectrogram (B) of the advertisement call of Hyloscirtus lascinius.
Population genomics reveals local adaptation related to temperature variation in two stream frog species: Implications for vulnerability to climate warming
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Data from: Spotted stream frog diversification at the Australasian faunal zone interface, mainland versus island comparisons, and a test of the Philippine 'dual-umbilicus' hypothesis
Aim: We utilize comprehensive geographical sampling and a new, multilocus dataset to re-examine the biogeography of spotted stream frogs throughout Southeast Asia. We compare patterns of diversification among stream frog populations on land-bridge islands and oceanic islands and we reevaluate a previous 'dual-invasion' hypothesis for the origins of several endemic Philippine taxa. Location: Southeast Asia, Sundaland, and the Philippines. Methods: Stream frogs were collected and sequenced for two mitochondrial and two nuclear gene regions. We used summary statistics and phylogenetic networks to characterize the geographic distribution of genetic variation. Phylogenetic relationships and ancestral biogeographic ranges were estimated using Bayesian and likelihood methods. Finally, we used the preferred topology and trees from the posterior distribution of the Bayesian analyses to evaluate a previous biogeographic 'dual-invasion' topological hypothesis. Results: In contrast to expectations, we found evidence of highly divergent, demographically stable, and geographically regionalized lineages (including currently unrecognized putative species) in the land-bridge island clade, but minimally divergent, widespread and clinally distributed (with evidence of recent demographic expansion) populations in adjacent oceanic island populations. Novel phylogenetic relationships depart from previous studies and our data strongly reject the previously published 'dual-invasion' topological hypothesis. Main: conclusions Our results join a new body of literature suggesting that the biogeographic distribution of species diversity on mainland areas and continental shelf islands may harbor high levels of unrecognized diversity in conspicuous vertebrate groups, whereas adjacent oceanic island archipelagos can and do support naturally occurring widespread species or minimally divergent clades. Although increased sampling coupled with more sophisticated methods indicate that the original individual identities of species previously hypothesized to be involved in the 'dual-invasion' scenario may have been incorrect, this mechanism for faunal exchange between the archipelago and adjacent mainland undoubtedly has contributed to the accumulation of endemic vertebrate diversity in the Philippines.
Figure 10 in Target-enriched DNA sequencing from historical type material enables a partial revision of the Madagascar giant stream frogs (genus Mantidactylus)
Figure 10. Mantidactylus (Mantidactylus) radaka sp. nov. being prepared for human consumption. (a) Frogs and crabs are collected from broad streams. Then (b) the frogs are gutted and skinned, and the head, hands and feet removed. The frog is then rinsed in the stream, leaving (c) cleaned animals for cooking in a stew. Note the ovaries full with hundreds of eggs.
Figure 9 in Target-enriched DNA sequencing from historical type material enables a partial revision of the Madagascar giant stream frogs (genus Mantidactylus)
Figure 9. Preserved type specimens of the four nomina in the Mantidactylus subgenus Mantidactylus and one of the paralectotypes of Rana guttulata.
Figure 7 in Target-enriched DNA sequencing from historical type material enables a partial revision of the Madagascar giant stream frogs (genus Mantidactylus)
Figure 7. Photographs of living specimens of Mantidactylus (Mantidactylus) guttulatus, M. (M.) grandidieri, and of three candidate species. (a, b) M. (M.) guttulatus, female ZSM 1013/2003 (FGMV 2002.438) from Ranomafana. (c) Unidentified specimen from Ranomafana, assigned tentatively to M. (M.) guttulatus (no genetic evidence). (d, e) M. (M.) guttulatus, specimen KU 340853 (CRH729) from Ranomafana. (f) M. (M.) grandidieri, specimen ZSM 5077/2005 (ZCMV 2159) from Nosy Mangabe. (g) M. (M.) grandidieri, specimen ZSM 276/2005 (FGZC 2682) from Vohidrazana. (h) M. (M.) grandidieri, unidentified specimen (probably subadult) from Andranofotsy. (i, j) M. (M.) grandidieri, specimen KU
Figure 5. Per-base coverage plots for the 16S in Target-enriched DNA sequencing from historical type material enables a partial revision of the Madagascar giant stream frogs (genus Mantidactylus)
Figure 5. Per-base coverage plots for the 16S fragment in four Mantidactylus type specimens from the MNHN and BMNH collections. (a) BMNH 1947.2.25.48 (paralectotype of Rana guttulata); (b) BMNH 1947.2.25.51 (paralectotype of Rana guttulata); (c) MNHN 1895.255 (syntype of M. grandidieri); (d) MNHN 1883.520 (syntype of M. grandidieri).
Figure 3 in Target-enriched DNA sequencing from historical type material enables a partial revision of the Madagascar giant stream frogs (genus Mantidactylus)
Figure 3. Haplotype network of the subgenus Mantidactylus based on 1227 bp of the nuclear RAG-1 gene from 39 samples. Small black dots represent additional mutational steps.
Figure 2 in Target-enriched DNA sequencing from historical type material enables a partial revision of the Madagascar giant stream frogs (genus Mantidactylus)
Figure 2. Diagonal matrix visualising the mean uncorrected genetic distances (p-distances) in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene between the different lineages in the subgenus Mantidactylus, calculated from 514 bp of the 16S mitochondrial gene.
Figure 1. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree obtained from 514 in Target-enriched DNA sequencing from historical type material enables a partial revision of the Madagascar giant stream frogs (genus Mantidactylus)
Figure 1. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree obtained from 514 bp of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. The values at the nodes are the bootstrap supports (not given for intra-lineage nodes for improved clarity). The type specimens of M. guttulatus and M. grandidieri from the London and Paris museum collections are highlighted in red and brown, respectively.
Figure 4 in Target-enriched DNA sequencing from historical type material enables a partial revision of the Madagascar giant stream frogs (genus Mantidactylus)
Figure 4. Stacked barplots showing the number of reads uniquely matching different reference sequences for the three targeted mitochondrial genes with a similarity threshold of 98%. The Rana pigra type was not included because the number of reads was too low.
Figure 8 in Target-enriched DNA sequencing from historical type material enables a partial revision of the Madagascar giant stream frogs (genus Mantidactylus)
Figure 8. Lateral views of the heads of preserved adult males of Mantidactylus (Mantidactylus) radaka sp. nov. in comparison with M. (M.) guttulatus and M. (M.) grandidieri. Note the more distinct and larger tympanum (indicated by yellow arrows) in the latter two species. Not to scale.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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