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268 results for “Survivorship”
Survivorship data for young of the year Arctic grayling raised in an aquatic common garden at Toolik Field Station, summer 2017
Since 2009, the FISHSCAPE Project (grant # 1719267, 1417754, and 0902153), based at Toolik Field Station, has monitored physical, chemical, and biological parameters within three watersheds: The Kuparuk (including Toolik Lake and Toolik outlet stream); The Sagavanirktok (primarily Oksrukuyik Creek, but also including sections of the Ailish and Atigun Rivers and the Galbraith Lakes); and The Itkillik (primarily the I-Minus outlet stream, a tributary that that feeds into the Itkilik River). The goals are to understand and predict the adaptability and persistence of a key Arctic species, the Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus), to changing climate and hydrology. Research questions include: (1) Does landscape structure determine movement within and among watersheds; (2) do populations adapt to stream characteristics at local and regional scales; and (3) will the relative adaptability of populations determine their persistence under future climate change. To test ideas about local adaptation, we conducted an aquatic common garden experiment at Toolik Field Station, to investigate the genetic component of phenotypic variation among Arctic grayling populations on Alaska's North Slope. This file contains the survivorship data.
SONGS Mitigation Monitoring: Experimental Reef Survey - Giant Kelp Outplant Size-Specific Survivorship
These data describe the size-specific survivorship of laboratory-reared embryonic giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, outplanted at an artificial reef (Wheeler North Reef in Orange County, CA). In summer 2000 divers deployed an average of 56 outplant units containing embryonic kelp to 14 modules of Wheeler North Reef. Size specific survivorship was measured by recording the number and size of outplanted kelp on surviving outplant units three and eleven months after deployment. Measurements of size were categorical and included small single blades (recruits), multi-bladed plants less than 1m tall, and multi-frond plants equal or greater than 1 m tall.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Growth and Survivorship of Dascyllus trimaculatus
The influence of density-dependent and number-dependent processes on individual demographic rates often results in ecological tradeoffs. Because such processes have important implications for individual level fitness and population regulation, they long have been an important topic in ecological research. I used Dascyllus trimaculatus, a site-attached planktivorous coral reef fish, to determine independently the effects of population density and group size on rates of individual growth and mortality. Somatic growth of D. trimaculatus was positively related to the density of D. trimaculatus outplanted to host anenomes, Heteractis magnifica, with nearly twice as much growth observed in individuals living in the highest density treatment. By contrast, survivorship of D. trimaculatus on H. magnifica exhibited a negative relationship with density. There was no significant effect of group size on either the growth or mortality rates of D. trimaculatus. These relationships suggest a tradeoff between density-dependent growth and survival in this species. My analysis of behavioral data indicated that D. trimaculatus living under conditions of higher local population densities displayed decreased rates of intraspecific aggression because of positive feedback between local population density and the foraging distance from an individual’s host anemone. In turn, lower rates of aggression and feeding higher in the water column resulted in increased somatic growth rates due to: (1) a reduced energy expenditure and (2) an increase in prey consumption. These data are part of a Master's Thesis published by ProQuest: Nielsen, Jessica Anne. Effects of density on behaviorally-mediated tradeoffs between growth and survivorship. MA Thesis, University of California Santa Barbara, 2013. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Res
Data and R code from: Spatiotemporal risk factors predict landscape-scale survivorship for a northern ungulate
<p>These data and computer code (written in R, https://www.r-project.org) were created to statistically evaluate a suite of spatiotemporal covariates that could potentially explain pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) mortality risk in the Northern Sagebrush Steppe (NSS) ecosystem (50.0757<sup>o</sup> N, −108.7526<sup>o</sup> W). Known-fate data were collected from 170 adult female pronghorn monitored with GPS collars from 2003-2011, which were used to construct a time-to-event (TTE) dataset with a daily timescale and an annual recurrent origin of 11 November. Seasonal risk periods (winter, spring, summer, autumn) were defined by median migration dates of collared pronghorn. We linked this TTE dataset with spatiotemporal covariates that were extracted and collated from pronghorn seasonal activity areas (estimated using 95% minimum convex polygons) to form a final dataset. Specifically, average fence and road densities (km/km2), average snow water equivalent (SWE; kg/m2), and maximum decadal normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were considered as predictors. We tested for these main effects of spatiotemporal risk covariates as well as the hypotheses that pronghorn mortality risk from roads or fences could be intensified during severe winter weather (i.e., interactions: SWE*road density and SWE*fence density). We also compare an analogous frequentist implementation to estimate model-averaged risk coefficients. Ultimately, the study aimed to develop the first broad-scale, spatially explicit map of predicted annual pronghorn survivorship based on anthropogenic features and environmental gradients to identify areas for conservation and habitat restoration efforts.</p> <p> </p>
FIG. 1 in New diminutive Eocene lizard reveals high K-Pg survivorship and taxonomic diversity of stem xenosaurs in North America
FIG. 1. Shaded relief map (based on Shuttle Radar Topography Mission 3 arcsecond/90 m digital elevation model) of the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, showing the location of the 8abc limestone locality.
FIG. 2 in New diminutive Eocene lizard reveals high K-Pg survivorship and taxonomic diversity of stem xenosaurs in North America
FIG. 2. Nearly complete left maxilla of USNM PAL 768729. A, lateral and B, medial views. Medial view also shows the palpebral, which remained attached to the maxilla. C, Close-up of third (preserved) maxillary tooth from rear. Abbreviations: ASAF, anterior superior alveolar foramen; cr.tv., crista transversalis; fac.pr., facial process; j.gr., jugal groove; l.fac., lacrimal facet; lat.r., lateral ridge (= crista lateralis); l.rec., lacrimal recess; n.fac., nasal facet; palp., palpebral; prf.rec., prefrontal recess.
FIG. 6 in New diminutive Eocene lizard reveals high K-Pg survivorship and taxonomic diversity of stem xenosaurs in North America
FIG. 6. Central fragment of left scapulocoracoid of USNM PAL 768729. The scapula and coracoid are indistinguishably fused. Abbreviations: cc.for., coracoid foramen; gl.fos., glenoid fossa; sc-cc.fen., scapulocoracoid fenestra; sc.for., scapular foramen.
FIG. 5 in New diminutive Eocene lizard reveals high K-Pg survivorship and taxonomic diversity of stem xenosaurs in North America
FIG. 5. Dorsal vertebra of USNM PAL 768729. A, dorsal, B, left lateral, and C, ventral views. Note the low neural spine. Abbreviations: cond., condyle; cot., cotyle; n.sp., neural spine; poz., postzygapophysis; prz., prezygapophysis; syn., synapophysis.
FIG. 8 in New diminutive Eocene lizard reveals high K-Pg survivorship and taxonomic diversity of stem xenosaurs in North America
FIG. 8. Phylogenetic relationships of USNM PAL 768729 based on four methods (above and opposite page). A, Maximum parsimony with enforced molecular constraint. Numbers above branches are bootstrap support based on 1000 replications. Results with no constraint have identical topology with respect to Pan-Xenosaurus. B, Standard Bayesian inference. Numbers above branches are posterior probabilities. C, Fossilized birth-death
FIG. 7 in New diminutive Eocene lizard reveals high K-Pg survivorship and taxonomic diversity of stem xenosaurs in North America
FIG. 7. Relation between maxillary tooth length and snout-vent length (SVL) in iguanid lizards (log-log space). Ordinary least squares regression was used to predict SVL from tooth length. Iguanid lizards were preferred to anguimorphs because the broad spectrum of body size covered by available skeletons did not require extrapolation. Red dot represents prediction for USNM PAL 768729.
FIG. 4 in New diminutive Eocene lizard reveals high K-Pg survivorship and taxonomic diversity of stem xenosaurs in North America
FIG. 4. Partial left mandible of USNM PAL 768729 in medial view. A, Articular region, with broken retroarticular process. B, Middle region, including coronoid and angular. Abbreviations: ang., angular; cb.I, ceratobranchial I; cn., coronoid; part., prearticular; p.mh.f., posterior mylohyoid foramen; ra.pr., retroarticular process; spl.fac., splenial facet.
FIG. 3 in New diminutive Eocene lizard reveals high K-Pg survivorship and taxonomic diversity of stem xenosaurs in North America
FIG. 3. Right jugal of USNM PAL 768729. A, lateral and B, medial views. Abbreviations: mx.fac., maxillary facet; qj.tub., quadratojugal tubercle.
Supplementary Data for: Shifts in food webs and niche stability shaped survivorship and extinction at the end-Cretaceous
<p>This compendium of files includes a list of statistical routines (Data S1) and cleaned fossil datasets from the Paleobiology Database (Data S2 to S3) for the <em>Science Avances</em> paper "<em>Shifts in food webs and niche stability shaped survivorship and extinction at the end-Cretaceous</em>". Data S1 and Data S2 can be opened in Microsoft Office and Data S3 can be imported in R using the <em>load()</em> command. Data S2 and S3 contain the same information (i.e., cleaned fossil datasets) but in different formats (<em>xlsx</em> vs. <em>RData</em>).</p> <p>Please, feel free to send an email to the maintainer Dr. Jorge García Girón (jogarg@unileon.es) if you face any trouble downloading, opening or using these files.</p>
Fig. 2 in Effect of harmonic radar tagging on Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) nymphal mobility and survivorship
Fig. 2. The strength of the adhesive bond between the radar tag and the pronotum of Lycorma delicatula in relation to (A) body length and (B) pronotum.
Fig. 4 in Effect of harmonic radar tagging on Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) nymphal mobility and survivorship
Fig. 4. (A) Jumping distance and (B) time duration from release to jumping of radar-tagged and untagged Lycorma delicatula.
Fig. 1 in Effect of harmonic radar tagging on Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) nymphal mobility and survivorship
Fig. 1. (A) A 9 mm dipole harmonic radar tag. (B) An example of a 4th instar Lycorma delicatula nymph with a 9 mm dipole harmonic radar tag attached to the pronotum.
Fig. 3 in Effect of harmonic radar tagging on Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) nymphal mobility and survivorship
Fig. 3. (A) Horizontal distance moved by radar-tagged and untagged Lycorma delicatula in 15 min. (B) Vertical distance climbed by radar-tagged and untagged individuals in 5 min.
Fig. 3. Survivorship curves for B in Biology of Blepyrus clavicornis (Compere) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
Fig. 3. Survivorship curves for B. clavicornis. Influence of food on longevity, for three treatments: 100% honey, honey diluted 50:50 in water, and water alone (control) (ANOVA: F = 17.58; df = 2; p <0.001).
Fig. 1 in Effect of erythritol and sucralose formulation on the survivorship of the mosquito Aedes aegypti
Fig. 1. Survivorship of Ades aegypti afer consumption of erythritol formulations: E + S (1.5 M erythritol + 0.5 M sucrose), E + Sul (1.5 M erythritol + 0.1 M sucralose), Sucrose (0.5 M sucrose) as a positive control, and Water as a negative control for 7 d. Different letters denote (*P <0.05) differences by Tukey HSD test.
Fig. 2 in Improvement in Survivorship: The Key for Population Recovery?
Fig. 2. Lateral view of the teeth eruption schedule of O. flavescens pups (extracted from Crespo 1988). Category A: milk and permanent teeth present (mi: milk incisor; mpct: milk postcanine teeth; mct: milk canine teet; pi: permanent incisor h) and the permanent canine teeth (pct) inside the alveolus; Category B: mct, pi and permanent postcanine teeth (ppct) present; Category C: mct are lost and pct remain inside the alveolus; Category D: pct erupt through the gum and become visible.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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OpenNeuro
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