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118 results for “Temperature warming”
Water quality, temperature, ash-free dry mass, photosynthetic activate radiation (PAR), and zooplankton data from a warming and DOC subsidy experiment, 2020 - 2021.
This dataset includes chlorophyll-a concentrations, periphyton biomass estimates, water quality measurements, and qualitative observations from a large-scale mesocosm experiment conducted in the Green Lakes Watershed, Colorado. The experiment was designed to test how earlier lake ice-off and increased dissolved organic material (DOM), associated with terrestrial plant encroachment in alpine watersheds, interactively influence aquatic food webs. In fall 2019, twenty 2600L “megacosms” were established at Sandy Corner (3300 m ASL; 40.042289, -105.584006), left to fill with snowmelt, and maintained throughout the 2020 open water season. The experiment followed a 2 × 2 randomized block design manipulating ice-off timing (via black vs. beige tank coloration) and DOM inputs (presence/absence of willow leaf packs), with five replicates per treatment. All tanks were seeded with sediments and zooplankton from both alpine and montane lakes (Green Lake 1 and Green Lake 4), and instrumented with thermistors recording surface and hypolimnion temperature every two hours year-round. Periphyton growth was monitored using clay tiles, sampled across five time points. Chlorophyll-a concentrations were extracted from filtered water samples and analyzed spectrophotometrically. Periphyton biomass was estimated via ash-free dry mass (AFDM) determinations, based on the mass lost on combustion of material scraped from tiles. Water quality was measured 1–2 times weekly using a YSI ProPlus multiprobe and Li-Cor quantum sensor, and snow/ice cover was qualitatively assessed monthly during winter.
Air and soil temperature in warmed and control plots of 2014 reciprocal transplant gardens Toolik Lake, Coldfoot, and Sagwon, Alaska 2015 and 2016
Air and soil temperatures from iButtons located at reciprocal transplant gardens at Toolik Lake, Coldfoot, and Sagwon in 2015 and 2016. The reciprocal transplant gardens at Coldfoot (CF), Toolik Lake (TL), Sagwon (SG) Each plot contains three tussocks, 30-50 centimeters apart
Attribution of 2022 August Heavy Precipitation Event in South Korea Using High-resolution Pseudo Global Warming Simulations: Sensitivity to Vertical Temperature Changes
<p>Post-processed CPM simulation datasets used for the paper "Attribution of 2022 August Heavy Precipitation Event in South Korea Using High-resolution Pseudo Global Warming Simulations: Sensitivity to Vertical Temperature Changes".</p>
Coral calcification mechanisms in a warming ocean and the interactive effects of temperature and light
<p>Ross et al 2022 Supplementary data for coral (<em>Acropora nasuta</em>) temperature and light experiments. </p>
Data supporting manuscript "Regional scaling of sea surface temperature with global warming levels in the CMIP6 ensemble"
<p>Data supporting the results presented in the article Milovac et al: "Regional scaling of sea surface temperature with global warming levels in the CMIP6 ensemble".</p> <p>1. data_raw.tar contains annual and seasonal, global and regional (i.e. over ocean IPCC regions and ocean biomes), mean sea surface and near surface temperatures, calculated for the selected 26 CMIP6 global climate models (GCMs) at low resolution (listed in the file models_low_res.txt) and 1 GCM at high resolution (listed in the file models_high_res.txt). The original files, downloaded from one of the ESGF data centers, were all interpolated onto a common grid with the 1-degree resolution for low-resolution output and the 0.25-degree resolution for high-resolution output. The output was generated using the cdo tool (<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7112925">https://zenodo.org/record/7112925</a>).</p> <p>2. data_txt.tar contains the results used to obtain all the figures given in the article.</p>
High frequency temperature and dissolved oxygen data from 15 Adirondack lakes during the 2021 warm season
A full understanding of the contemporary status of lake dissolved oxygen and thermal habitat in the face of global change is enhanced by high-frequency monitoring that goes beyond periodic water column profiles of temperature and dissolved oxygen. The data contained herein were used to examine the relationship between both concurrent warming and increasing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations, and oxythermal habitat status for cold-water species. To obtain high resolution oxythermal habitat characteristics, fifteen lakes in the Adirondack Park of northern New York state were monitored from mid-June to mid-October of 2021. Lakes were outfitted with high-frequency temperature and dissolved oxygen logger chains located in most cases at the deepest point of each lake. Temperature loggers were placed throughout the water column while dissolved oxygen loggers were positioned to best capture low-oxygen portions of the water column based on data from previous years. To enhance vertical resolution, high-frequency data were supplemented with periodic water column profiles. In addition, to provide a comprehensive regional perspective, we include historical DOC and depth data from more than 1,400 Adirondack lakes. Finally, to enhance understanding of fish response to temperature, we include body temperature data from tagged brook trout for two of our intensively monitored lakes during part of the 2023 stratified period.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Soil Temperature, Soil Frost, and Snow Depth Data in support of "Declining Winter Snowpack Offsets Carbon Storage Enhancement from Growing Season Warming in Northern Temperate Forest Ecosystems", Conrad-Rooney et al. PNAS 2025
Data associated with the publication: Conrad-Rooney E, AB Reinmann, PH Templer. Declining Winter Snowpack Offsets Carbon Storage Enhancement from Growing Season Warming in Northern Temperate Forest Ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2025. This dataset includes soil temperature (winter 2021-2022) and snow depth and frost depth (winter 2022-2023) at the Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Warming-El Nino-Nitrogen Deposition Experiment (WENNDEx): Soil Temperature Data from the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (1/2006 - 7/2009)
This data set provides soil temperature data in each plot of the warming experiment (see SEV176). Data are collected with automated soil temperature probes at 15-minute intervals at two soil depths under grass and bare patches in each of the 40 plots.
Warming-El Nino-Nitrogen Deposition Experiment (WENNDEx): Soil Temperature, Moisture, and Carbon Dioxide Data from the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
Humans are creating significant global environmental change, including shifts in climate, increased nitrogen (N) deposition, and the facilitation of species invasions. A multi-factorial field experiment is being performed in an arid grassland within the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) to simulate increased nighttime temperature, higher N deposition, and heightened El Nino frequency (which increases winter precipitation by an average of 50%). The purpose of the experiment is to better understand the potential effects of environmental drivers on grassland community composition, aboveground net primary production and soil respiration. The focus is on the response of two dominant grasses (Bouteloua gracilis and B eriopoda), in an ecotone near their range margins and thus these species may be particularly susceptible to global environmental change. It is hypothesized that warmer summer temperatures and increased evaporation will favor growth of black grama (Bouteloua eriopoda), a desert grass, but that increased winter precipitation and/or available nitrogen will favor the growth of blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), a shortgrass prairie species. Treatment effects on limiting resources (soil moisture, nitrogen availability, species abundance, and net primary production (NPP) are all being measured to determine the interactive effects of key global change drivers on arid grassland plant community dynamics and ecosystem processes. This dataset shows values of soil moisture, soil temperature, and the CO2 flux of the amount of CO2 that has moved from soil to air. On 4 August 2009 lightning ignited a ~3300 ha wildfire that burned through the experiment and its surroundings. Because desert grassland fires are patchy, not all of the replicate plots burned in the wildfire. Therefore, seven days after the wildfire was extinguished, the Sevilleta NWR Fire Crew thoroughly burned the remaining plots allowing us to assess experimentally the effects of interactions among multip
GFDL CM2.1 Partially-Coupled Simulations Data for "Understanding Lead Times of Warm-Water-Volumes to ENSO Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies"
<p>GFDL CM2.1 partially-coupled idealized simulations:</p> <p>Two sets of idealized experiments with prescribed EP and CP ENSO SST anomaly patterns. Each set of experiments has a prescribed idealized sinusoidal ENSO oscillation with periodicities of 48, 36, and 24 months, respectively.</p> <p>For the details please refer to our paper;<br> Zhao, S., Jin, F.-F., & Stuecker, M. F. (2021). Understanding Lead Times of Warm Water Volumes to ENSO Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies. <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>, <em>48</em>(19), e2021GL094366. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094366">https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094366</a></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Toxic temperatures: Bee behaviours exhibit divergent pesticide toxicity relationships with warming
<p>Climate change and agricultural intensification are exposing insect pollinators to temperature extremes and increasing pesticide usage. Yet, we lack good quantification of how temperature modulates the sublethal effects of pesticides on behaviours vital for fitness and pollination performance. Consequently, we are uncertain if warming decreases or increases the severity of different pesticide impacts, and whether separate behaviours vary in the direction of response. Quantifying these interactive effects is vital in forecasting pesticide risk across climate regions and informing pesticide application strategies and pollinator conservation. This multi-stressor study investigated the responses of six functional behaviours of bumblebees when exposed to either a neonicotinoid (imidacloprid) or a sulfoximine (sulfoxaflor) across a standardised low, mid, and high temperature. We found the neonicotinoid had a significant effect on five of the six behaviours, with a greater effect at the lower temperature(s) when measuring responsiveness, the likelihood of movement, walking rate, and food consumption rate. In contrast, the neonicotinoid had a greater impact on flight distance at the higher temperature. Our findings show that different organismal functions can exhibit divergent thermal responses, with some pesticide-affected behaviours showing greater impact as temperatures dropped, and others as temperatures rose. We must therefore account for environmental context when determining pesticide risk. Moreover, we found evidence of synergistic effects, with just a 3°C increase causing a sudden drop in flight performance, despite seeing no effect of pesticide at the two lower temperatures. Our findings highlight the importance of multi-stressor studies to quantify threats to insects, which will help to improve dynamic evaluations of population tipping points and spatiotemporal risks to biodiversity across climate regions.</p>
Toxic temperatures: Bee behaviours exhibit divergent pesticide toxicity relationships with warming
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Temperature-specific repeatability of evolution and its implications for genomic predictions of adaptation to warming
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Warming effects of spring rainfall increase methane emissions from thawing permafrost: Site-level data from bog complex IV - Soil Temperatures 2014-2016
Methane emissions regulate the near-term global warming potential of permafrost thaw, particularly where loss of ice-rich permafrost converts forest and tundra into wetlands. Northern latitudes are expected to get warmer and wetter, and while there is consensus that warming will increase thaw and methane emissions, effects of increased precipitation are uncertain. At a thawing wetland complex in Interior Alaska, we found that interactions between rain and deep soil temperatures controlled methane emissions. In rainy years, recharge from the watershed rapidly altered wetland soil temperatures, warming the top ~80 cm of soil in spring and summer, and cooling it in autumn. When soils were warmed by spring rainfall, methane emissions increased by ~30%. The warm, deep soils early in the growing season likely supported both microbial and plant processes that enhanced emissions. Our study identifies an important and unconsidered role of rain in governing the radiative forcing of thawing permafrost landscapes. All site-level data from the studied bog, eddy covariance and micrometeorological data referenced in the published manuscript are available in the LTER data repository. These data are related to the following data package: Surface carbon, water and energy fluxes measured by eddy covariance at 3 sites within the Alaska Peatlands Experiment and Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest 2013-2016 (http://dx.doi.org/10.6073/pasta/4fabab3846113a1866b06f1b3d6d52a3).
Data from: Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird
<p>Climate seasonality is a predominant constraint on the lifecycles of species in alpine and polar biomes. Assessing the response of these species to climate change thus requires taking into account seasonal constraints on populations. However interactions between seasonality, weather fluctuations, and population parameters remain poorly explored as they require long-term studies with high sampling frequency. This study investigated the influence of environmental covariates on the demography of a corvid species, the alpine chough Pyrrhocorax graculus, in the highly seasonal environment of the Mont Blanc region. In two steps, we estimated: 1) the seasonal survival of categories of individuals based on their age, sex, etc., 2) the effect of environmental covariates on seasonal survival. We hypothesized that the cold season – and more specifically, the end of the cold season (spring) – would be a critical period for individuals, and we expected that weather and individual covariates would influence survival variation during critical periods. We found that while spring was a critical season for adult female survival, it was not for males. This is likely because females are dominated by males at feeding sites during snowy seasons (winter and spring), and additionally must invest energy in egg production. When conditions were not favourable, which seemed to happen when the cold season was warmer than usual, females probably reached their physiological limits. Surprisingly, adult survival was higher at the beginning of the cold season than in summer, which may result from adaptation to harsh weather in alpine and polar vertebrates. This hypothesis could be confirmed by testing it with larger sets of populations. This first seasonal analysis of individual survival over the full life cycle in a sedentary alpine bird shows that including seasonality in demographic investigations is crucial to better understand the potential impacts of climate change on cold ecosystems.</p>
Interacting impacts of hydrological changes and air temperature warming on lake temperatures highlight the potential for adaptive management: Model output
<p>This archive includes the output from the General Ocean Turbulence Model for a series of simulations that used differing model drivers (inflow discharge, Q, and air temperature, T). The Experiment_output.zip contains text files generated from the GOTM workflow containing modelled water temperatures and the Mod_z.txt are the corresponding depths for these temperatures. </p><p>The file name corresponds to the change made to the driving data from baseline (unchanged conditions), a combination of air temperature <i>increase </i>and flow percentage change e.g. Mod_temp_T_2_Q_1.5 refers to an air temperature increase of 2 degrees Celsius and a flow increase of 50% and a Mod_temp_T_3.5_Q_0.7 refers to an air temperature increase of 3.5 degrees Celsius and a flow decrease of 30%.</p>
Data from: Sea-surface temperature pattern effects have slowed global warming and biased warming-based constraints on climate sensitivity
<p>The observed rate of global warming since the 1970s has been proposed as a strong constraint on equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) and transient climate response (TCR) – key metrics of the global climate response to greenhouse-gas forcing. Using CMIP5/6 models, we show that the inter-model relationship between warming and these climate sensitivity metrics (the basis for the constraint) arises from a similarity in transient and equilibrium warming patterns within the models, producing an effective climate sensitivity (EffCS) governing recent warming that is comparable to the value of ECS governing long-term warming under CO<sub>2</sub> forcing. However, CMIP5/6 historical simulations do not reproduce observed warming patterns. When driven by observed patterns, even high ECS models produce low EffCS values consistent with the observed global warming rate. The inability of CMIP5/6 models to reproduce observed warming patterns thus results in a bias in the modeled relationship between recent global warming and climate sensitivity. Correcting for this bias means that observed warming is consistent with wide ranges of ECS and TCR extending to higher values than previously recognized. These findings are corroborated by energy balance model simulations and coupled model (CESM1-CAM5) simulations that better replicate observed patterns via tropospheric wind nudging or Antarctic meltwater fluxes. Because CMIP5/6 models fail to simulate observed warming patterns, proposed warming-based constraints on ECS, TCR, and projected global warming are biased low. The results reinforce recent findings that the unique pattern of observed warming has slowed global-mean warming over recent decades, and that how the pattern will evolve in the future represents a major source of uncertainty in climate projections.</p>
Long-term resilience of primary sex ratios in a species with temperature dependent sex determination after decades of climate warming
<p><span>Species with environmental sex determination (ESD) have persisted through deep time, despite massive environmental perturbation in the geological record. Understanding how species with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), a type of ESD, persist through climate change is particularly timely given the current climate crisis, as highly biased sex ratios and extinction are predicted. Since 1982, we have studied primary sex ratios of a reptile with TSD (<em>Chelydra serpentina</em></span><span>). Primary sex ratios remained unchanged over time, despite warming in the environment. Resilience of the primary sex ratio occurred via a portfolio effect, realized through remarkable intra-annual variation in nest-level sex ratios, leading to a relatively consistent mean annual sex ratio. Intra-annual variation in nest-level sex ratios was related to variation in egg burial depth coupled with large clutch sizes, creating thermal gradients in the nest, and promoting mixed-sex clutches. Further, both locally and globally, sustained increases in nighttime air temperature contribute more to warming than increases in daily maximum temperature, but development rate was affected more strongly by maximum daily air temperature, conferring additional resilience to overall warming. Our study suggests that some TSD species may be resilient to warming and provides an example of how ESD may persist under environmental change.</span><span><br></span></p>
Effects of warming temperatures on germination responses and trade-offs between seed traits in an alpine plant
<p>1. Climate warming may affect multiple aspects of plant life history, including important factors such as germination responses and the key trade-off between offspring size and number. As a case study to address these concepts, we used an alpine plant (waxy bluebell, <em>Wahlenbergia</em> <em>ceracea</em>; Campanulaceae) that shows plasticity to warming in seed traits and in which seed dormancy status regulates germination. We chose an alpine species because alpine environments are ecosystems particularly under threat by climate change.</p> <p>2. We conducted germination assays under cool and warm temperatures using seeds produced by individuals that were grown under historical (cooler) and future (warmer) temperature scenarios. We assessed the presence of a seed size vs number trade-off, and then examined the effects of seed number and size on germination percentage, the fractions of dormant and viable seeds, and germination velocity. Further, we examined whether warming during parental growth and during germination affected these relationships.</p> <p>3. We found evidence for a seed size vs number trade-off only under historical parental temperatures. Indeed, under future growth temperatures, parental plants produced fewer and smaller seeds and there was no evidence of a trade-off. However, the reductions in both seed traits under warming did not affect germination, despite correlations of seed size and number with germination traits. Warming increased germination, particularly of larger seeds, but overall it resulted in more than fourfold reductions in parental fitness.</p> <p>4. Synthesis. Our study shows the importance of growth conditions when evaluating the seed size vs number trade-off. Stressful conditions, such as warmer temperatures, can restrain the ability of plants to reach optimal investment in reproduction, masking the trade-off. By analysing responses across the whole life cycle, we show here an overall detrimental effect of warming, highlighting the potential risk of climate change for <em>W</em>. <em>ceracea</em>, and, potentially, for alpine plant communities more widely. </p>
Data from: Climate refugia along Lake Superior's shores: Disjunct arctic-alpine plants rely on cool shoreline temperatures but are unlikely to persist under climate warming
<p>Climate refugia can serve as remnant habitat or stepping stones for species dispersal under climate warming. The largest freshwater lake by surface area, Lake Superior, USA and Canada, serves as a model system for understanding cooling-mediated local refugia, as its cool water temperatures and wave action have maintained shoreline habitats suitable for southern disjunct populations of arctic-alpine plants since deglaciation. Here we seek to explain spatial patterns and environmental drivers of arctic-alpine plant refugia along Lake Superior's shores, and assess future risk to refugia under moderate (+3.5 °C) and warmest (+5.7 °C) climate warming scenarios. First, we examined how the interactive effects of summer surface water temperatures and wind affected onshore temperatures, resulting in areas of cooler refugia. Second, we developed an ecological niche model for presence of disjunct arctic-alpine refugia (pooling 1253 occurrences from 58 species) along the lake's shoreline. Third, we fit species distribution models for 20 of the most common arctic-alpine disjunct species and predicted presence to identify refugia hotspots. Finally, we used the two climate warming scenarios to predict changes in presence of refugia and disjunct hotspots. Bedrock type, elevation above water, inland distance, July land surface temperature from MODIS/Terra satellite, and near-shore depth of water were the best predictors of disjunct occurrences. Overall, we predicted 2,236 km of the shoreline (51%) as disjunct refugia habitat for at least one species under current conditions, but this was reduced to 20% and 7% with moderate (894 km) and warmest (313 km) climate change projections.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.