Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig.ç6.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., holotype, male (ZIHU 3976), Nomarski photomicrographs. A, Segments 1 and 2, ventral view; B, segments 4 and 5, ventral view. Abbreviations: dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco1, glandular cell outlet type I; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; lvt, lateroventral tubule; pac, pachycyclus; pf, pectinate fringe; rss, rounded sensory spot. in A New Brackish-water Species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

Fig.ç6.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., holotype, male (ZIHU 3976), Nomarski photomicrographs. A, Segments 1 and 2, ventral view; B, segments 4 and 5, ventral view. Abbreviations: dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco1, glandular cell outlet type I; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; lvt, lateroventral tubule; pac, pachycyclus; pf, pectinate fringe; rss, rounded sensory spot.

Fig.ç5.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., holotype, male (ZIHU 3976), Nomarski photomicrographs. A, Segments 1 and 2, dorsal view; B, segment 4, dorsal view. Abbreviations: dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco1, glandular cell outlet type I; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; mds, middorsal spine; pac, pachycyclus; pf, pectinate fringe; ps, perforation site; rss, rounded sensory spot. in A New Brackish-water Species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

Fig.ç5.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., holotype, male (ZIHU 3976), Nomarski photomicrographs. A, Segments 1 and 2, dorsal view; B, segment 4, dorsal view. Abbreviations: dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco1, glandular cell outlet type I; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; mds, middorsal spine; pac, pachycyclus; pf, pectinate fringe; ps, perforation site; rss, rounded sensory spot.

Fig.ç7.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., paratype, female (ZIHU 3980), Nomarski photomicrographs. A, Segments 5 and 6, ventral view; B, segments 8 and 9, ventral view. Abbreviations: dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; lvt, lateroventral tubule; si, sieve plate; sp, sternal plate; tp, tergal plate. in A New Brackish-water Species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

Fig.ç7.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., paratype, female (ZIHU 3980), Nomarski photomicrographs. A, Segments 5 and 6, ventral view; B, segments 8 and 9, ventral view. Abbreviations: dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; lvt, lateroventral tubule; si, sieve plate; sp, sternal plate; tp, tergal plate.

Fig.ç3.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., scanning electron micrographs. A, B, Paratype, female (ZIHU 3983); C–E, paratype, male (ZIHU 3982). A, General habitus, lateral view; B, neck and segments 1–4, lateral view; C, enlargement of segment 7, lateral view; D, enlargement of segment 9, lateral view; E, enlargement of segments 10 and 11, lateroventral view. Abbreviations: ch, cuticular hair; dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; ldt, laterodorsal tubule; pf, pectinate fringe; po, pore; ps1, penile spine 1; ps2, penile spine 2; ps3, penile spine 3; rss, rounded sensory spot; si, sieve plate; ss, sensory spot. in A New Brackish-water Species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

Fig.ç3.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., scanning electron micrographs. A, B, Paratype, female (ZIHU 3983); C–E, paratype, male (ZIHU 3982). A, General habitus, lateral view; B, neck and segments 1–4, lateral view; C, enlargement of segment 7, lateral view; D, enlargement of segment 9, lateral view; E, enlargement of segments 10 and 11, lateroventral view. Abbreviations: ch, cuticular hair; dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; ldt, laterodorsal tubule; pf, pectinate fringe; po, pore; ps1, penile spine 1; ps2, penile spine 2; ps3, penile spine 3; rss, rounded sensory spot; si, sieve plate; ss, sensory spot.

Fig.ç2.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., camera lucida drawings. A, B, Holotype, male (ZIHU 3976), entire animal, dorsal and ventral view, respectively; C, D, allotype, female (ZIHU 3977), segments 9–11, dorsal and ventral view, respectively. Abbreviations: dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco1, glandular cell outlet type I; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; ldt, laterodorsal tubule; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvt, lateroventral tubule; mds, middorsal spine; ne, neck; ps, penile spine; rss, rounded sensory spot; si, sieve plate. in A New Brackish-water Species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

Fig.ç2.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., camera lucida drawings. A, B, Holotype, male (ZIHU 3976), entire animal, dorsal and ventral view, respectively; C, D, allotype, female (ZIHU 3977), segments 9–11, dorsal and ventral view, respectively. Abbreviations: dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco1, glandular cell outlet type I; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; ldt, laterodorsal tubule; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvt, lateroventral tubule; mds, middorsal spine; ne, neck; ps, penile spine; rss, rounded sensory spot; si, sieve plate.

FIGURE 3 in Body shape and robustness response to water flow during development of brown trout Salmo trutta parr

FIGURE 3 Mass–standard length (M–LS) relationships (MLR) determined for exercised () and control () Salmo trutta cohorts over 0–32 weeks from treatment initiation. Each cohort included LS00 individuals (n = 6) as a common origin

FIGURE 1 in Body shape and robustness response to water flow during development of brown trout Salmo trutta parr

FIGURE 1 (a) Landmark positions () on Salmo trutta parr that were digitised twice and then averaged to minimize measurement error. (b) Shape changes associated with principal components (PCs) 1–3. PCs were derived from a between-group PC analysis of Procrustes superimposed landmarks., Consensus shape with numbered landmark positions;, Shape changes associated with each PC. Shape changes are scaled to observed PC scores: Left hand side shape changes (back outlines) are scaled to the minimum value observed across the sample on each respective PC (shown below the image) and right hand side shape changes (black outlines) are scaled to the maximum value observed across the sample on each respective PC. PC1 describes a change in head size, PC2 describes dorso-ventral arching of the body and PC3 describes changes in overall robustness and body depth

Caudal fin area: body length ratio (A:L 2; mean..) FIGURE 5 CF s S E measured from photographs of Salmo trutta parr at 20 and 32 weeks after exercise treatment initiation. A:L 2 values between the two CF s groups were significantly different (Welch's two sample t- test p <0.05) in Body shape and robustness response to water flow during development of brown trout Salmo trutta parr

Caudal fin area: body length ratio (A:L 2; mean..) FIGURE 5 CF s S E measured from photographs of Salmo trutta parr at 20 and 32 weeks after exercise treatment initiation. A:L 2 values between the two CF s groups were significantly different (Welch's two sample t- test p <0.05)

FIGURE 2 in Body shape and robustness response to water flow during development of brown trout Salmo trutta parr

FIGURE 2 (a) Principal component (PC) () C00, () C04, () C10, () C20, () C32, () E04, () E10, () E20, and () E32 and (b) linear discriminant (LD) scores for Salmo trutta treatment groups (C, control; E, exercise) across experimental weeks (i.e., age 00 (control sample before treatment initiation) to 32 (32 weeks of treatment); n = 6 individuals per group). PC1 and PC3, derived from a between-group PC analysis of Procrustes superimposed landmarks corrected for the arching artefact (PC2). LD1 and LD2, derived from a LD analysis on the corrected principal component scores. Ellipses demarcate 95% confidence intervals; O, group centroids. N.B. The change of direction for head size on LD1 resulting from a negative association with PC1 (see Table 2)

FIGURE 4 in Body shape and robustness response to water flow during development of brown trout Salmo trutta parr

FIGURE 4 Box plots showing median (), 25th–75th percentiles () and range () of Salmo trutta condition at length (KÞ for exercised () and control () Salmo trutta cohorts across the experimental period (i.e., age) weeks 4–32 after treatment initiation (n = 6 per group). *, significant differences of pairwise least-squares means between exercised and control cohorts; different lower-case letters (black, exercise; grey, control) denote significant differences of pairwise least-squares means within treatments across the experimental period

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2022View details →

Text-fig. 2. Nymphaea sp. from the Miocene Clarkia Lake flora, Locality P-33. a: Photograph of the fossil leaf. b: Sketch of leaf showing the salient features of shape, basal lobes and margin, eccentric insertion point of the abaxial petiole, and primary actinodromous venation. Dashed lines represent torn edge of lamina; dotted line is outline of right basal lobe. Line drawing by P. Martin Sander. Scale bar applies to both photo and drawing. in First Water Lily, A Leaf Of Nymphaea Sp., From The Miocene Clarkia Flora, Northern Idaho, Usa: Occurrence, Taphonomic Observations, Floristic Implications

Text-fig. 2. Nymphaea sp. from the Miocene Clarkia Lake flora, Locality P-33. a: Photograph of the fossil leaf. b: Sketch of leaf showing the salient features of shape, basal lobes and margin, eccentric insertion point of the abaxial petiole, and primary actinodromous venation. Dashed lines represent torn edge of lamina; dotted line is outline of right basal lobe. Line drawing by P. Martin Sander. Scale bar applies to both photo and drawing.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: The role of climate, water and biotic interactions in shaping biodiversity patterns in arid environments across spatial scales

Aim: Desert ecosystems, with their harsh environmental conditions, hold the key to understanding the responses of biodiversity to climate change. As desert community structure is influenced by processes acting at different spatial scales, studies combining multiple scales are essential for understanding the conservation requirements of desert biota. We investigated the role of environmental variables and biotic interactions in shaping broad and fine-scale patterns of diversity and distribution of bats in arid environments to understand how the expansion of nondesert species can affect the long-term conservation of desert biodiversity. Location: Levant, Eastern Mediterranean. Methods: We combine species distribution modelling and niche overlap statistics with a statistical model selection approach to integrate interspecific interactions into broadscale distribution models and fine-scale analysis of ecological requirements. We focus on competition between desert bats and mesic species that recently expanded their distribution into arid environment following anthropogenic land-use changes. Results: We show that both climate and water availability limit bat distributions and diversity across spatial scales. The broadscale distribution of bats was determined by proximity to water and high temperatures, although the latter did not affect the distribution of mesic species. At the fine-scale, high levels of bat activity and diversity were associated with increased water availability and warmer periods. Desert species were strongly associated with warmer and drier desert types. Range and niche overlap were high among potential competitors, but coexistence was facilitated through fine-scale spatial partitioning of water resources. Main conclusions: Adaptations to drier and warmer conditions allow desert-obligate species to prevail in more arid environments. However, this competitive advantage may disappear as anthropogenic activities encroach further into desert habitats. We conclude that reduced water availability in arid environments under future climate change projections pose a major threat to desert wildlife because it can affect survival and reproductive success and may increase competition over remaining water resources.

zenodo36/100

Vorlesung "Un-Menschliche Lebensformen" als podcast - RVL02 Shapes Of Water

Gekürzte und edierte Fassung der Vorlesungsstunde mit "Pans Labyrinth" (Fortsetzung und Ende), "The Little Mermaid" und "The Shape Of Water". Musik (royalty free): "Taiko Drums" <a href="https://youtu.be/M8VvZObWtZM">https://youtu.be/M8VvZObWtZM</a>; Kevin MacLeod "Spellbound" <a href="https://youtu.be/3TESYVp-WhY">https://youtu.be/3TESYVp-WhY</a>

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2021View details →

opencc-zeroFeb 2022View details →

Thermal plasticity and evolution shape predator-prey interactions differently in clear and turbid water

Warming and eutrophication negatively affect freshwater ecosystems by modifying trophic interactions and increasing water turbidity. We need to consider their joint effects on predator-prey interactions, and how these depend on the thermal evolution of both predator and prey. We quantified how 4°C warming and algae-induced turbidity (that integrates turbidity per se and increased food for zooplankton prey) affect functional response parameters and prey population parameters in a common-garden experiment. We did so for all combinations of high- and low-latitude predator (damselfly larvae) and prey (water fleas) populations to assess the potential impact of thermal evolution of predators and/or prey at a high latitude under warming using a space-for-time substitution. We then modelled effects on the system stability (i.e. tendency to oscillate) under different warming, turbidity and evolutionary scenarios. Warming and turbidity had little effect on the functional response parameters of high-latitude predators. In contrast, warming and turbidity reduced the handling times of low-latitude predators. Moreover, warming increased the search rates of low-latitude predators in clear water but instead decreased these in turbid water. Warming increased stability (i.e. prevented oscillations) in turbid water (except for the "high-latitude predator & high-latitude prey" system), mainly by decreasing the prey's carrying capacity and partly also by decreasing search rates, while it did not affect stability in clear water. Algae-induced turbidity generally decreased stability, mainly by increasing the prey's carrying capacity and partly also by increasing search rates. This resembles findings that nutrient enrichment can reduce the stability of trophic systems. The expected stability of the high-latitude trophic system under warming was dependent on the turbidity level: our results suggest that thermal plasticity tends to destabilize the high-latitude trophic system under warming in clear water but not in turbid water, and that thermal evolution of the predator will stabilize the high-latitude system under warming in turbid water but less so in clear water. The extent to which thermal plasticity and evolution shape trophic system stability under warming may strongly differ between clear and turbid water bodies, with their contributions having a more stabilizing role in turbid water.

zenodo36/100

The Shape of Water in Zeolites and its Impact on Epoxidation Catalysis

The Shape of Water in Zeolites and its Impact on Epoxidation Catalysis Daniel T. Bregante,1 Matthew Chan,1 Jun Zhi Tan,1 E. Zeynep Ayla,1 Christopher P. Nicholas,2,3 Diwakar Shukla,1 and David W. Flaherty1,* 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802 2Exploratory Materials and Catalysis Research, Honeywell UOP, Des Plaines, IL 60016 3C2P Sciences L3C, Evanston, IL 60202 *Corresponding Author: dwflhrty@illinois.edu   Molecular dynamics simulations for zeolite framework studied in "The Shape of Water in Zeolites and its Impact on Epoxidation Catalysis".  Repository contains the last 100 nanoseconds of classical molecular dynamics equilibration, ab initio molecular dynamics trajectories, initial and final simulated zeolite structures, and scripts used for analyzing MD trajectories.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2020View details →

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

Lake water chemistry and population of origin interact to shape fecundity and growth in Daphnia ambigua

Freshwater environments vary widely in ion availability, owing to both natural and anthropogenic drivers. Field and laboratory work point to the importance of overall salinity as well as cation depletion, in shaping the physiology, behavior, and ecology of freshwater taxa. Yet, we currently have a poor understanding of the degree to which populations may vary in response to ion availability. Using Daphnia collected from three lakes that differ greatly in salinity and calcium availability, we conducted a laboratory reciprocal transplant experiment to assess how animals representing these populations vary in fecundity, body size, and survival when reared in lake water from each environment. The lake water environment and population of origin strongly interacted to shape Daphnia growth and reproduction. Surprisingly, we found only modest evidence that lake water with abundant calcium (5.5 mg/L vs. 1.2-2.3 mg/L) increased Daphnia growth or reproduction. In contrast, water from a relatively ion-rich lake (400 µS/cm specific conductance) strongly boosted Daphnia fecundity over lower-ion lake water (20-50 µS/cm), especially for the population originating from the high-ion environment. Our results suggest that ion-poor conditions common in regions around the world may exert stress on freshwater organisms, even for populations inhabiting these environments. Meanwhile, moderate salt enrichment may not prove harmful but could even benefit freshwater taxa in these ion-poor regions. The context dependence of how and when lake water chemistry affects Daphnia and other freshwater taxa deserves greater attention, in both ion-depleted and ion-rich conditions. Daphnia are key members of lake food webs and serve as an important model for ecology, evolution, and toxicology research. Consideration of how lake water chemistry may influence how Daphnia populations respond to abiotic and biotic stress may improve the ability to evaluate and predict ecological and evolutionary dynamics in lakes of varying chemical composition.

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

Lake water chemistry and local adaptation shape NaCl toxicity in Daphnia ambigua

The increasing application of road deicing agents (e.g., NaCl) has caused widespread salinization of freshwater environments. Chronic exposure to toxic NaCl levels can impact freshwater biota at genome to ecosystem scales, yet the degree of harm caused by road salt pollution is likely to vary among habitats and populations. The background water chemistry may strongly impact NaCl toxicity, with greater harm occurring in ion-poor freshwater environments. In addition, populations exposed to salinization may evolve increased NaCl tolerance. We examined the potential for these two factors, genetics and environmental context, to interact in shaping NaCl toxicity in natural populations of the water flea Daphnia ambigua. We performed a reciprocal transplant toxicity trial using Daphnia clones from three lakes varying in ion availability. NaCl toxicity greatly increased in calcium-poor (1.7 mg/L) lake water compared with a high-calcium (7.2 mg/L) environment, especially for Daphnia from the high-calcium lake. Meanwhile, Daphnia from an ion-rich lake showed evidence of adaptation to NaCl exposure, especially in their natal lake water. Our findings that the lake water environment, adaptation to that environment, and adaptation to a contaminant of interest may interact to shape toxicity demonstrate the importance of considering environmental and genetic complexity in mitigating pollution impacts.

publicOct 2025View details →

Data from: Snake oil in action: Geographic and seasonal variability in epidermal lipids shape evaporative water loss in snakes

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

publicAug 2023View details →

Lake water chemistry and local adaptation shape NaCl toxicity in Daphnia ambigua

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.