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108 results for “Third Pole”
Glacial Lake Dataset for the Third Pole
<p>A complete glacial lake dataset compiled for the whole Third Pole, in which 63,727 glacial lakes (≥900 m<sup>2</sup>) with a combined area of 2,122.01 ± 1.26 km<sup>2</sup> were included. Please see data description document for more information.</p>
Lightning Potential Index Using ICON Simulation at the km-scale over the Third Pole Region: ISS-LIS events and ICON-CLM simulated LPI
<p>This dataset contains records of lightning events recorded by the International Space Station (ISS) Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) from October 2019 to September 2022 in the Third Pole region. Furthermore, the Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic Weather and Climate Model in Climate Limited-Area Mode (ICON-CLM) was utilized to simulate the hourly Lightning Potential Index (LPI) over the Third Pole region for the same duration. The aforementioned dataset was utilized in the creation of the research article titled "Modeling Lightning Activity in the Third Pole Region: Performance of a km-scale ICON-CLM Simulation" authored by Prashant Singh and Bodo Ahrens. The paper has been submitted to the journal Atmosphere. In CORDEX-FPS-CPTP contribution no. 17 (GUF), you can find more data from ICON-CLM, such as precipitation, CAPE, wind vectors, and more.</p>
Daily flood discharge dataset for 10 basins in the Third Pole during 1981‒2100
<p><span>This dataset describes the daily discharge during each river flood event in the 10 Third Pole basins (Indus, Yamuna, Upper Ganges, MahaKali, Karnali, Gandaki, Koshi, Brahmaputra, Salween, and Mekong) in the historical (1981</span><span>‒</span><span>2020) and future (2021</span><span>‒</span><span>2100). This was achieved using a hybrid model encompassing a validated physical model (Water and Energy Budget-based Distributed Hydrological Model, WEB-DHM) and deep-learning model (<a name="_Hlk153977673"></a>Long Short-Term Memory model, LSTM) with the latest climate projections. </span></p> <p><span>River flood events are defined using both the annual-maximum approach and peak-over-threshold (POT) approach. Details for identification of the annual-maximum and POT flood events are described in the file “readme.txt”. Future data was generated based on the climate projections </span><span>from five climate models (GFDL-ESM4, IPSL-CM6A-LR, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, MRI-ESM2-0, and </span><span>UKESM1-0-LL</span><span>) in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) under </span><span>two shared socio-economic pathway scenarios (SSP)</span><span> (a high-emission scenario of SSP585 and a low-emission scenario of SSP245). The unit of discharge is m<sup>3</sup>/s.</span></p>
Supplementary data to: Acceleration of diverging runoff trends on the Third Pole
<p>This archive contains data produced for the study of “Acceleration of diverging runoff trends on the Third Pole (TP)”. For now, the data is password protected and only available to the Editor and Reviewers. And we commit to making the data publicly in the event of publication.</p> <p> </p> <p>The archive is organized in two major directories (“Shape_file” and “Data”).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1. The directory “Shape_file” </strong>includes two specific folders.</p> <p>(1) The folder “Mountain-basins_for_TP_rivers”, provides the shape files of the mountain-outlet basins for each of the 12 major TP rivers (Mekong, Salween, Brahmaputra, Ganges, Indus, Amu Darya, Syr Darya, Yellow, Yangtze, Tarim, Heihe, and Shule).</p> <p>(2) The folder “Three_climate_domains”, provides the shape files for the mountain-outlet basins (that we investigated in the study) in the TP's westerlies domain, westerlies-monsoon transition domain, and Indian monsoon domain, respectively.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>2. In the directory “Data”</strong>, we provide the processed annual time-series of precipitation (<em>P</em>) anomaly, evapotranspiration (ET) anomaly, total water storage change (<em>delt_S</em>) anomaly, and runoff from 1960 to 2016 that covers the mountain basins of all the 12 major TP rivers.</p> <p>For more details, please refer to the document "Data_introduction.docx" in the rar file ("Data-202202.rar").</p>
Unravelling the factors affecting taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional beta diversity of stream macroinvertebrate communities in the World's Third Pole
<p><span><strong>Aim</strong>: </span><span>Disentangling how</span><span> stochastic and deterministic processes contribute to variation in beta diversity is a common goal for ecologists and biogeographers. However, such studies are scarce in alpine streams, especially when different diversity facets are considered. Here, we combined different approaches to examine the drivers of taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional beta diversities and discussed how our results can inform community assembly and biodiversity conservation in Tibetan streams.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Location</strong>: </span><span>Tibet </span><span>Plateau</span></p> <p><span><strong>Taxon</strong>: </span><span>Macroinvertebrates</span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span>We first partitioned multiple facets of beta diversity (B<sub>total</sub>) into species replacement (B<sub>repl</sub>) and richness difference (B<sub>rich</sub>) as well as local (LCBD) or species (SCBD) contributions. Then, we applied ordination methods to examine the relative importance of local, climatic and spatial factors on </span><span>B<sub>total</sub></span><span>, </span><span>B<sub>repl</sub></span><span> and </span><span>B<sub>rich</sub></span><span>, respectively. We explored community assembly rules using null models based on trait and phylogeny structure. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span>B<sub>total</sub></span><span> displayed high values and was primarily driven by B<sub>repl</sub>. Local, climatic and spatial factors were poor predictors of the different facets of beta diversity. Null models showed that the diversity metrics did not differ from those of null expectations, suggesting that most individual streams might be occupied by species that were merely random draws from the functional or phylogenetic pools available in this region. Partitioning beta diversity into LCBD and SCBD implied that the upper canyon streams were more unique than those at lower elevations and can be valuable for biodiversity conservation.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Main conclusions</strong>: </span><span>Analyzing multiple facets of beta diversity provide important insights into community assembly that cannot be acquired by focusing on taxonomic diversity only. Using a multi-faceted approach involving species, phylogenetic and trait data, our study not only sheds light on the assembly mechanisms of macroinvertebrate communities in alpine streams but also bring inspiration for biodiversity conservation in the 'World's Third Pole' that is highly sensitive to global change. </span></p>
Unravelling the factors affecting taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional beta diversity of stream macroinvertebrate communities in the World's Third Pole
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Soil organic carbon distribution for 0-3 m soils at 1 km2 scale of the frozen ground in the Third Pole Regions
<p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) is very important in the vulnerable ecological environment of the Third Pole; however, data regarding the spatial distribution of SOC are still scarce and uncertain. Based on multiple environmental variables and soil profile data from 458 pits (depth of 0–1 m) and 114 cores (depth of 0–3 m), this study uses a machine-learning approach to evaluate the SOC storage and spatial distribution at different soil depths (0–30 cm, 0–50 cm, 0–100 cm, 0–200 cm, and 0–300 cm) in the frozen ground area of the Third Pole region. Our results provide information on the storage, patterns, and environmental controls of SOCSs at a 1 km<sup>2</sup> scale for areas of frozen ground in the Third Pole region, thus providing a scientific basis for future studies pertaining to Earth system models.</p> <p>Soil organic carbon data is stored in grids format, and the file name is "TP-SOC-d.tif", where d represents soil depth, for example, "TP-SOC-30.tif" represents the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon stocks in the Third Pole regions of the upper 30 cm depth interval.</p> <p> </p>
FIGURE 100 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 100. Environment of and collecting sites at Nyingchi area (A–E) and Chamdo (ăƀ) (F). A. 80K. B. 96K. C–E. Xiachayu (T察ø). F. pass of Jueba Mountain (ẅ巴山口), Markam (Ẽ康). Photo Credit: A by Zhong Peng; B by Xiao-Bin Song; F by Wen-Xuan Bi.
FIGURE 98 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 98. Environment of and collecting sites at Nyingchi area. A, B. Lage (Ń格). C, D. Hanmi (汗ṁ). E, F. Aniqiao (Nj 尼桥). Photo Credit: A, B by Chao Wu; C, D by Wen-Xuan Bi; E, F by Hao Huang.
FIGURE 99 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 99. Environment of and collecting sites at Nyingchi area. A. Beibeng Township (Ü崩乡). B. Road near Gelin Village (格ff村). C. A bridge at Yarang (亚ü). D. A village near Guoguotang Great Bend (果果Ƌkm弯). E. Environment near Mêdog County (ẸṘ县). F. Path to Renqingbeng Temple (仁ů崩寺). G. An overall view of Guoguotang Great Bend. Photo Credit: E, F by Xiao-Bin Song.
FIGURE 97 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 97. Environment of and collecting sites at Nyingchi area. A. Sign of Yigong Tea Farm (ƌŭē厂). B. Forest near Yigong. C. Forest at Pailong Township (ḦË乡). D. Forest near Tongmai Town (ȃ9W).
FIGURE 96 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 96. Environment of and collecting sites at Nyingchi area (ffż地区). A. Gongbo'gyamda (工布ȕḭ). B. Zhongzhe Village (ΦĖ村). C. Kading Valley (ϮŤ沟). D. Chongge Cuo (ṗẋś). E, F. A slope near Serjila mountain pass (DzĻŃ山 口). Photo Credit: A, B, E, F by Zhong Peng.
FIGURE 94 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 94. Environment of and collecting sites at Yatung Valley (亚东沟). General environment (A) of and collecting sites (B, C) at Xiayadong (T亚东). Photo Credit: A by Jian-Qing Zhu.
FIGURE 95 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 95. Environment of and collecting sites at Lebu Valley (勒布沟). Forests at 2400 m (A, B), and 3650 m (C, D).
FIGURE 93 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 93. Environment of and collecting sites at Zhêntang Valley (ĿƋ沟). Slopes at altitudes of 3700 m (A), 4000 m (B), and 3050 m (C). D. Nadang Village (Ḅ当村). E. Road to Xiuxiongma Village (šŏ玛村). F, G. Environment of Ganma Zangbo Valley (HḼẪ布河ě). Photo Credit: F, G by Zhong Peng.
FIGURE 92 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 92. Environment of Zhangmu Valley (樟木沟). Environment of Youyiqiao (友谊桥) (A, B), Lixin Village (ĒẾ村) (C) and Qu Township (DZ乡) (D). Photo Credit: A, B by Jian-Qing Zhu; C, D by Wen-Xuan Bi.
FIGURE 91 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 91. Environment of and collecting sites at Gyirong Valley. A. General environment surrounding Langjicuo Lake (朗 吉śéae), at an altitude of about 4100 m. B. A slope near Langjicuo Lake, dominated by ferns and bushes. C. A slope near Langjicuo Lake, with Rhododendron trees. Photo Credit: A by Zhong Peng.
FIGURE 90 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 90. Environment of and collecting sites at Gyirong Valley. A. General environment of the valley. B. A slope dominated by conifers along the valley. C. Zhong Peng searching pselaphines under the bark of a fallen trunk.
FIGURE 88 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 88. Environment of and collecting sites at Gyirong Valley (吉P沟). A. General environment of Ru Kupuqiong. B. Collecting site at Ru Kupuqiong (ả库âAE). C. A stone by the path at Ru Kupuqiong, under which two larvae (D) and an adult (E) of Hingstoniella lata Jeannel were spotted. Photo Credit: A, D, E by Wen-Xuan Zhang.
FIGURE 82 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)
FIGURE 82. Distribution of Tibetan Batrisini. A. Gyrongita uniformis sp. nov. B. Hingstoniella lata, Jeannel C. Myrmicophila motuoensis Yin.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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