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12 results for “Tree allometry”
fab2_allometry_2016-2022 in Forest and Biodiversity 2: a tree diversity experiment to understand the consequences of multiple dimensions of diversity and composition for long-term ecosystem function and resilience
The Forest and Biodiversity (FAB2) experiment uses native tree species in varying levels of species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity planted in 100 m2 and 400 m2 plots at 1 m spacing, appropriate for testing long-term ecosystem consequences. FAB2 was designed and established in conjunction with a prior experiment (FAB1) in which the same set of twelve species was planted in 16 m2 plots at 0.5 m spacing. Both are adjacent to the BioDIV prairie-grassland diversity experiment, enabling comparative investigations of diversity and ecosystem function relationships between experimental grasslands and forests at different planting densities and plot sizes. This data package examines mortality in the first six years of the experiment.
Bark and sapwood allometry for fourteen North American tree species
<p>Measurements of sapwood and bark thickness for fourteen North American tree species, based on visual inspection of 651 tree cores. The recorded values include: species name, stem diameter at the breast height (1.3 m above the ground surface; DBH in cm), bark thickness (cm), and sapwood thickness (cm). A detailed documentation of this dataset as well as the site description where the samples were collected are provided in the associated publication (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.109092).</p>
Data from: Tropical trees in a wind-exposed island ecosystem: height-diameter allometry and size at onset of maturity
1. Tropical tree species adapted to high wind environments might be expected to differ systematically in terms of stem allometry and life-history patterns, as compared with species found in less windy forests. We quantified height-diameter (H-D) allometries and relative size at onset of maturity (RSOM) for rainforest tree and tree fern species native to Dominica, West Indies, an island that experiences some of the highest average wind speeds pantropically. 2. H-D allometries for 17 Dominican angiosperm tree species were strongly concave on a log-log scale with asymptotic heights ranging from 9-32 m among species, averaging 25 m for canopy trees. H-D allometries for species-pooled data deviated strongly from recorded patterns for other tropical forest trees: asymptotic heights for trees in Dominica were 30-116% lower than those recorded for continental rainforest trees in Australia, South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia. In a subset of canopy trees sampled in steep, sheltered valleys, heights were 12-26% larger at a given diameter, and approached those observed in other tropical regions, suggesting large phenotypic responses of H-D allometries to wind conditions. 3. RSOM (quantified as the ratio of height at onset of reproduction to asymptotic maximum height) for Dominican angiosperm species was highly variable, ranging from 0.23-0.89 (mean 0.54), similar to patterns observed in Malaysia and Panama; very low RSOM values were estimated for two tree fern species. Pooling data from Dominica with published values from other tropical forests, we observed a significant negative correlation between RSOM and wood density. 4. Synthesis: Our data suggest that wind regimes are a critical determinant of height-diameter (H-D) allometries of tropical trees at both the local and global scale. Although we found no evidence for a systematic differences in reproductive onset related to wind regime, RSOM was negatively correlated with species' wood density, suggesting that more shade-tolerant tree species show a longer period of gradually increasing reproductive allocation through ontogeny.
Data from: Tropical tree height and crown allometries for the Barro Colorado Nature Monument, Panama: a comparison of alternative hierarchical models incorporating interspecific variation in relation to life history traits
Tree allometric relationships are widely employed for estimating forest biomass and production and are basic building blocks of dynamic vegetation models. In tropical forests, allometric relationships are often modeled by fitting scale-invariant power functions to pooled data from multiple species, an approach that fails to capture changes in scaling during ontogeny and physical limits to maximum tree size and that ignores interspecific differences in allometry. Here, we analyzed allometric relationships of tree height (9884 individuals) and crown area (2425) with trunk diameter for 162 species from the Barro Colorado Nature Monument, Panama. We fit nonlinear, hierarchical models informed by species traits – wood density, mean sapling growth, or sapling mortality – and assessed the performance of three alternative functional forms: the scale-invariant power function and the saturating Weibull and generalized Michaelis–Menten (gMM) functions. The relationship of tree height with trunk diameter was best fit by a saturating gMM model in which variation in allometric parameters was related to interspecific differences in sapling growth rates, a measure of regeneration light demand. Light-demanding species attained taller heights at comparatively smaller diameters as juveniles and had shorter asymptotic heights at larger diameters as adults. The relationship of crown area with trunk diameter was best fit by a power function model incorporating a weak positive relationship between crown area and species-specific wood density. The use of saturating functional forms and the incorporation of functional traits in tree allometric models is a promising approach for improving estimates of forest biomass and productivity. Our results provide an improved basis for parameterizing tropical plant functional types in vegetation models.
Data from: Allometry and growth of eight tree taxa in United Kingdom woodlands
As part of a project to develop predictive ecosystem models of United Kingdom woodlands we have collated data from two United Kingdom woodlands - Wytham Woods and Alice Holt. Here we present data from 582 individual trees of eight taxa in the form of summary variables relating to the allometric relationships between trunk diameter, height, crown height, crown radius and trunk radial growth rate to the tree's light environment and diameter at breast height. In addition the raw data files containing the variables from which the summary data were obtained. Large sample sizes with longitudinal data spanning 22 years make these datasets useful for future studies concerned with the way trees change in size and shape over their life-span.
Sapwood area~DBH allometries for 14 common tree species in a successional tropical forest in Thailand
<p>Sapwood area is an important parameter for estimating canopy transpiration in the forest water cycle. However, sapwood area highly varies across species and forest ecosystems and is difficult to measure directly. Therefore, species- and site-specific allometric equations are needed to estimate the sapwood area of all trees in a forest. Here, we conducted a comprehensive campaign to measure sapwood thickness and to estimate the sapwood area of 14 common tree species in a successional forest in Thailand. These data represent the first comprehensive measurements of sapwood area in south-east Asian successional forests growing under diverse environmental conditions in terms of soil moisture and canopy density. The results show that a power function can significantly explain the relationship between sapwood area and stem size, represented by diameter at breast height (DBH), in all species in both primary and secondary forests. Interestingly, a single equation could describe the sapwood area~DBH relationship in all species and forest stages, except for Dipterocarpus gracilis, an emergent, dominant species in the primary forest. The latter showed slower growth in sapwood area once the trees reached a DBH of ~30 cm. Overall, our results can benefit future studies that estimate canopy transpiration of tropical forests with similar conditions as in our study sites.</p>
Data from: Allometry and growth of eight tree taxa in United Kingdom woodlands
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Data from: Tropical tree height and crown allometries for the Barro Colorado Nature Monument, Panama: a comparison of alternative hierarchical models incorporating interspecific variation in relation to life history traits
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Tropical trees in a wind-exposed island ecosystem: height-diameter allometry and size at onset of maturity
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Sapwood area~DBH allometries for 14 common tree species in a successional tropical forest in Thailand
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Research data supporting the publication "Seed Size Variation of Trees and Lianas in a Tropical Forest of Southeast Asia: Allometry, Phylogeny, and Seed Trait - Plant Functional Trait Relationships"
<p><em>Research data supporting the publication:</em></p> <p><br> <strong>Seed size variation of trees and lianas in a tropical forest of Southeast Asia: allometry, phylogeny, and seed trait - plant functional trait relationships</strong></p> <p><strong>Original Research, Front. Plant Sci. - Functional Plant Ecology</strong></p> <p>Here, we compiled a unique dataset of seed size (seed mass and geometrical size metrics) based on collections of more than 5,200 seeds of 196 woody plant species, covering >98 and 70% of tree and liana stems, respectively, located on a 30-ha plot in a tropical evergreen forest in central Thailand. Seeds, are stored in the BBH herbarium at BIOTEC of the National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand. Many seeds (38.3%) have been collected from gibbons’ feces during gibbon monitoring. Most seeds of species dispersed by gibbons (through defecation) have hard seed coats and do not change in their morphology during gut passage. However, most seeds (46.4%) were collected while monitoring plant phenology. Rarely, when seeds were not available in the herbarium, mostly from rare or non-fruiting species (15.3%), we used information from field-recorded and unpublished data of Mo Singto plot. Seed mass refers to the dry weight of endosperm and embryo including the seed coat but excluding any morphological structures, such as wings, that aid dispersal. Before measuring and weighing, seeds were oven-dried at 60°C for at least 3 days. After drying, we immediately measured each seed in three dimensions: length (L), the longest linear dimension; width (W), the widest orthogonal direction to L; and thickness (T), the largest orthogonal side to both the L and W, using a Vernier caliper<br> with 2-digit micrometer precision. We weighed the same seed on a microgram balance (PB303, Mettler, Toledo). </p>
Carbon Stocks of Individual Trees in African Drylands: Allometry and Output Data
This dataset provides allometrically-estimated carbon stocks of 9,947,310,221 tree crowns derived from 50-cm resolution satellite images within the 0 to 1000 mm/year precipitation zone of Africa north of the equator and south of the Sahara Desert. These data are presented in GeoPackage (*.gpkg) format and are summarized in Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) format. An interactive viewer application developed to display these carbon estimates at the individual tree level across the study area is available at: https://trees.pgc.umn.edu/app. The analysis utilized 326,523 Maxar multispectral satellite images collected between 2002 to 2021 for the early dry season months of November to March to identify tree crowns. Metadata from satellite image processing across the study area are presented in Shapefile (*.shp) format. Additionally, field measurements from destructive harvests used to derive allometry equations are contained in comma-separated values (*.csv) files. These data demonstrate a new tool for studying discrete semi-arid carbon stocks at the tree level with immediate applications provided by the viewer application. Uncertainty of carbon estimates are +/- 19.8%.
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