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93 results for “Tree crickets”
Fig. 31. Gene tree for Trigonidium Rambur, 1838 in Small crickets of New Zealand (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Trigonidiidae and Mogoplistidae), with the description of two new genera and species
Fig. 31. Gene tree for Trigonidium Rambur, 1838 using Maximum Likelihood analysis of ~700 bp of mtDNA (COI) from 23 specimens and 1000 bootstrap replications. The tree with the highest log likelihood (-3571.04) is shown. Numbers next to the branches indicate the percentage of trees in which the associated taxa are clustered together. The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. Specimens in blue were collected as part of this study; the remaining 15 sequences were obtained from the GenBank (Benson et al. 2013) and BOLD (Ratnasingham & Hebert 2007) databases. Detailed information for each specimen included in this analysis can be found in Supp. file 1: Table S11.
Sex differences in alternative reproductive tactics in response to predation risk in tree crickets
<p>1. Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) are variable, often discontinuous, behaviours that allow a particular sex to achieve enhanced mating success. Predation risk has been hypothesised to drive the evolution of ARTs, but few empirical studies have examined this. It is unclear whether predators affect fitness of the two sexes directly, by reducing survival, or indirectly, by altering mate-searching.</p> <p>2. In crickets, mate-search typically involves acoustic signalling by males and acoustic-mediated movement towards males by silent females. Males and females may however employ ARTs, which includes silent searching by males, and mating without performing phonotaxis in females.</p> <p>3. We empirically examined effects of increased predation risk on mate-searching behaviour and survival of male and female tree crickets, and their effects on mating success, using field-enclosure experiments with tree crickets <i>Oecanthus henryi</i> and their primary predator, green lynx spiders, <i>Peucetia viridans</i>. Crickets were allocated into three treatments with different levels of predation risk.</p> <p>4. Increased predation risk strongly reduced survival, and thereby mating success, for both sexes. With increasing predation risk, males reduced calling and increased movement towards neighbouring callers, with negative effects on mating success. By comparing with simulated random movement, we found that male movement was significantly directed towards other calling males, implying a switch to satellite strategies. Female movement behaviour, however, remained unaltered.</p> <p>5. Males and females thus differed in their response to comparable levels of predation risk, implying that the role of predation as a driver of alternative mate search strategies is sex-specific.</p>
Sex differences in alternative reproductive tactics in response to predation risk in tree crickets
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Precipitation, tree biomass, and the diversity and functional composition of tropical rainforest cricket assemblages
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FIGURE 17. ITS2 gene tree. G in Crickets of the genus Gryllus in the United States (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae)
FIGURE 17. ITS2 gene tree. G. brevicaudus samples: S03-8 (G5); S16-1 (G3354, G3393); G. insularis samples: Guadalupe Island, Baja California Norte, Mexico; G. bryanti samples: Andros Island, Bahamas; G. alexanderi sample: Clarion Island, Colima, Mexico.
FIGURE 143. Radial 16S gene tree showing large and distinct 16S in Crickets of the genus Gryllus in the United States (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae)
FIGURE 143. Radial 16S gene tree showing large and distinct 16S clade (in purple) in central Utah. Labels indicate County and State; the 'G. utahensis' 16S clade is in purple, whereas geographically widespread G. veletis samples (including other Utah samples) are in blue.
FIGURE 115. ITS2 gene tree. G in Crickets of the genus Gryllus in the United States (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae)
FIGURE 115. ITS2 gene tree. G. vernalis samples: S03-56 (G27, G1739); S03-62 (G31, G33). G. fultoni samples: S03-62 (G32, G34); S03-64 (G35), S07-22 (G1138).
Supplementary material 1 from: Collins N, Schneider KR (2020) Oecanthus salvii sp. nov. (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae): A new tree cricket species from Modoc County in northeast California. Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 91-99. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.50400
Supplementary material 1 from: Collins N, Schneider KR (2020) Oecanthus salvii sp. nov. (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae): A new tree cricket species from Modoc County in northeast California. Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 91-99. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.50400
Supplementary material 2 from: Collins N, Schneider KR (2020) Oecanthus salvii sp. nov. (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae): A new tree cricket species from Modoc County in northeast California. Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 91-99. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.50400
Supplementary material 2 from: Collins N, Schneider KR (2020) Oecanthus salvii sp. nov. (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae): A new tree cricket species from Modoc County in northeast California. Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 91-99. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.50400
Data from: Stay tuned: active amplification tunes tree-cricket ears to track temperature-dependent song frequency
Tree cricket males produce tonal songs, used for mate attraction and male–male interactions. Active mechanics tunes hearing to conspecific song frequency. However, tree cricket song frequency increases with temperature, presenting a problem for tuned listeners. We show that the actively amplified frequency increases with temperature, thus shifting mechanical and neuronal auditory tuning to maintain a match with conspecific song frequency. Active auditory processes are known from several taxa, but their adaptive function has rarely been demonstrated. We show that tree crickets harness active processes to ensure that auditory tuning remains matched to conspecific song frequency, despite changing environmental conditions and signal characteristics. Adaptive tuning allows tree crickets to selectively detect potential mates or rivals over large distances and is likely to bestow a strong selective advantage by reducing mate-finding effort and facilitating intermale interactions.
FIGURE 6. Fast distance based analysis tree for 16s ribosomal RNA gene. Note total genetic uniformity among 28 in Billions and billions sold: Pet-feeder crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), commercial cricket farms, an epizootic densovirus, and government regulations make for a potential disaster
FIGURE 6. Fast distance based analysis tree for 16s ribosomal RNA gene. Note total genetic uniformity among 28 individuals of G. locorojo from eight "localities" on three continents. See Appendix A for specimen source data.
FIGURES 41–49. Oecanthus pictus n in A new species of tree crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Oecanthinae) in tobacco plantation from Southern Brazil, with body color variation
FIGURES 41–49. Oecanthus pictus n. sp. female. 41—habitus; 42, 44, 46—cerci and ovipositor, lateral, dorsal and ventral views, respectively; 43, 45, 47—ovipositor apex, lateral, dorsal and ventral views, respectively; 48—supranal plate; 49– subgenital plate.
FIGURE 27. Oecanthus pictus n in A new species of tree crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Oecanthinae) in tobacco plantation from Southern Brazil, with body color variation
FIGURE 27. Oecanthus pictus n. sp. Variation found in scape and pedicel marks, in ventral view. Conventions: a—pedicel; b—scape.
FIGURES 15–19 in A new species of tree crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Oecanthinae) in tobacco plantation from Southern Brazil, with body color variation
FIGURES 15–19. Calling songs of Oecanthus pictus n. sp. 15—Holotype spectrogram; 16—oscillogram of two pulses; 17— oscillogram of the trill; 18—regression lines showing the effect of temperature on pulse rate; 19—relationship between dominant frequency and pulse rate.
FIGURES 28–38 in A new species of tree crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Oecanthinae) in tobacco plantation from Southern Brazil, with body color variation
FIGURES 28–38. Male genitalia of Oecanthus pictus n. sp. 28—ventral view with membranes; 29—phallic sclerites, dorsal view; 30—phallic sclerites, ventral view; 31—main lobe of pseudepiphallus, dosal view; 32—pseudepiphallus, ventral view; 33— pseudepiphallus, dorsal view; 34—phallic sclerites, diagonal view; 35—pseudepiphallus, diagonal view; 36—ectophallic sclerite; 37—ectophallic and endophallic sclerites; 38—endophallic sclerite. Conventions: MLPs—main lobe of pseudepiphallus; M—End.Sc-Median endophallic sclerite; L—End.Sc–lateral endophallic sclerite; End.Sc.p—endophallic sclerite posterior lobes; Ect.Sc—ectophallic sclerite; Ect.F—ectophallic fold; Ec—endophallic cavity; R–rami.
FIGURES 13–14 in A new species of tree crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Oecanthinae) in tobacco plantation from Southern Brazil, with body color variation
FIGURES 13–14. Metanotal gland of Oecanthus pictus n. sp paratype. 13—whole gland, dorsal view; 14—posterior median lobe. Conventions: Sc—scutum; St—scutellum; ss—scutoscutellar suture; pml—posterior median lobe; a—tuft of bristles projected medio-anteriorly; b—bristles projected medio-posteriorly; c—bristles projected dorso-posteriorly.
FIGURES 20–25 in A new species of tree crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Oecanthinae) in tobacco plantation from Southern Brazil, with body color variation
FIGURES 20–25. Head, pronotum and legs of Oecanthus pictus n. sp. paratypes. 20, 21, 22—head and pronotum, lateral view, increasing pigmentation; 23—legs I and II, respectively, lateral view, inner and outer faces; 24—legs III, lateral view; 25— Tibia III, lateral view. Conventions: L—left leg outer side; R—right leg inner side; a,c—set of three marks; b—ring; d–gpairs of marks.
FIGURES 5–12. Oecanthus pictus n in A new species of tree crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Oecanthinae) in tobacco plantation from Southern Brazil, with body color variation
FIGURES 5–12. Oecanthus pictus n. sp. holotype male. 5—habitus in lateral view; 6—habitus in dorsal view; 7—stridulatory file; 8—head and pronotum, dorsal view; 9—Metanotal gland; 10—right tegmen; 11—subgenital plate; 12—supranal plate.
FIGURES 39–40 in A new species of tree crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Oecanthinae) in tobacco plantation from Southern Brazil, with body color variation
FIGURES 39–40. Comparison of the metanotal glands and tegmina by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using linear variables. 39—Metanotal gland; 40—Tegmina. Group 1, red; Group 2, green; Group 3, blue; Group 4, yellow.
FIGURES 1–4 in A new species of tree crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Oecanthinae) in tobacco plantation from Southern Brazil, with body color variation
FIGURES 1–4. Male habitus of Oecanthus pictus n. sp. paratypes representing the groups according color pattern. 1—Male of the group 1. 2—Male of the group 2. 3—Male of the group 3. 4—Male of the group 4.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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