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Fig. 10. Caridina typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837. a. First pereiopod. b. Second pereiopod. c. Third pereiopod. d. Fifth pereiopod. e in Solomon's Gold Mine: Description or redescription of 24 species of Caridina (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) freshwater shrimps from the Solomon Islands, including 11 new species
Fig. 10. Caridina typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837. a. First pereiopod. b. Second pereiopod. c. Third pereiopod. d. Fifth pereiopod. e. Dactylus of third pereiopod. f. Dactylus of fifth pereiopod. g. Preanal carina. h. Uropodal diaeresis. i. Telson. j. First male pleopod. k. Second male pleopod. l. Eggs. m. Cephalothorax. MNHN-IU-2018-2825 (a–c, e, h), MNHN-IU-2018-2842 (d, f), MNHN-IU-2018 -2826 (g, j–k), MNHN-IU-2018-2833 (i), MNHN-IU-2018-2832 (l) and MNHN-IU-2018-2824 (m).
Fig. 4 in A New Species of Podocerus (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Podoceridae) Associated with the Whale Shark Rhincodon typus
Fig. 4. Podocerus jinbe sp. nov., holotype male 6.0 mm, NSMT-Cr 26048. A, pereopod 5, medial view; B, pereopod 6, medial view; C, pereopod 7, medial view; D, basis and ischium of pereopod 7, medial view; E, pleopod 1, medial view; F, retinacula (coupling hooks) of peduncle of pleopod 1, medial view; G, uropod 1, dorsal view; H, uropod 2, dorsal view; I, uropod 3, dorsal view; J, telson, dorsal view.
Fig. 3 in A New Species of Podocerus (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Podoceridae) Associated with the Whale Shark Rhincodon typus
Fig. 3. Podocerus jinbe sp. nov., holotype male 6.0 mm, NSMT-Cr 26048. A, basis to dactylus of gnathopod 1 (some setae omitted; dactylus is strongly curved due to mounting angle), medial view; B, basis to dactylus of gnathopod 2 (some setae omitted), medial view; C, palmar margin of gnathopod 2 propodus, medial view; D, pereopod 3, medial view; E, basis and ischium of pereopod 3, medial view; F, pereopod 4.
In diesem Zusammenhang möchte ich auf einen — in Europa wohl bisher nicht beachteten — Beitrag zur Lycopersicon-Taxonomie aus Südamerika selbst hinweisen. Es handelt sich um den ersten Botaniker Argentiniens, Gaspar Xuarez. Er beschäftigte sich im Jahr 1780 auch mit Tomaten. Hierbei verglich er Landsorten der Eingeborenen, u. a. die in der Guarani-Sprache "Caä camamab" genannten, mit den damals von Tournefort oder Linne klassifizierten Arten und stellte fest, daß deren Typus sich von seinem Material beträchtlich unterschied. Wegen der birnenförmigen Frucht nannte Xuarez seine Formen "pyriforme" und beschrieb sie später zusammen mit Gillie als Solanum (= Lycopersicon) pyriforme. (F. Gillie und Gaspar Xuarez, 1789:,Osservacioni fisologiche spora alcune piante esotiche introdotte in Roma4). Die Publikation ist deswegen in Italien erschienen, weil die Autoren dort nach Vertreibung der Jesuiten aus Südamerika zeitweilige Zuflucht gefunden hatten. Es scheint, daß sie auch Samen nach Italien mitgebracht und dort vermehrt haben. Dieser wenig beachtete Text ist meiner Meinung nach der erste Hinweis auf den Ursprung der "San Marzano = pomo d'oro" Italiens. Diese bimenförmige, auch heute noch im Mittelmeerraum viel kultivierte Tomatenvarietät wäre demnach von argentinischer Herkunft, und möglicherweise schon vor 200 Jahren durch Xuarez in Italien eingeführt worden. Von dort hat sich die birnenförmige (var. pyriforme) Sorte "San Marzano" schließlich als geschätzte Konserventomate über die ganze Welt verbreitet. in IV. Tropisches Obst und Gemüse
In diesem Zusammenhang möchte ich auf einen — in Europa wohl bisher nicht beachteten — Beitrag zur Lycopersicon-Taxonomie aus Südamerika selbst hinweisen. Es handelt sich um den ersten Botaniker Argentiniens, Gaspar Xuarez. Er beschäftigte sich im Jahr 1780 auch mit Tomaten. Hierbei verglich er Landsorten der Eingeborenen, u. a. die in der Guarani-Sprache "Caä camamab" genannten, mit den damals von Tournefort oder Linne klassifizierten Arten und stellte fest, daß deren Typus sich von seinem Material beträchtlich unterschied. Wegen der birnenförmigen Frucht nannte Xuarez seine Formen "pyriforme" und beschrieb sie später zusammen mit Gillie als Solanum (= Lycopersicon) pyriforme. (F. Gillie und Gaspar Xuarez, 1789:,Osservacioni fisologiche spora alcune piante esotiche introdotte in Roma4). Die Publikation ist deswegen in Italien erschienen, weil die Autoren dort nach Vertreibung der Jesuiten aus Südamerika zeitweilige Zuflucht gefunden hatten. Es scheint, daß sie auch Samen nach Italien mitgebracht und dort vermehrt haben. Dieser wenig beachtete Text ist meiner Meinung nach der erste Hinweis auf den Ursprung der "San Marzano = pomo d'oro" Italiens. Diese bimenförmige, auch heute noch im Mittelmeerraum viel kultivierte Tomatenvarietät wäre demnach von argentinischer Herkunft, und möglicherweise schon vor 200 Jahren durch Xuarez in Italien eingeführt worden. Von dort hat sich die birnenförmige (var. pyriforme) Sorte "San Marzano" schließlich als geschätzte Konserventomate über die ganze Welt verbreitet.
Ontogenetic data for Erisocrinus typus
<p><span>Crinoids were major constituents of Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) marine ecosystems, but their rapid disarticulation rates after death resulted in few well-preserved specimens, limiting the study of their growth. This is amplified for cladids, who had among the highest disarticulation rates of all Paleozoic crinoids, due to the relatively loose suturing of the calyx plates. However, <em>Erisocrinus typus</em> Meek and Worthen, 1865, has been found in unusually large numbers, most preserved as cups, but some as nearly complete crowns, in the Barnsdall Formation in Oklahoma. The Barnsdall Formation, a Koncentrat Lagerstätte, is predominantly composed of fine- to medium-grained sandstone, overlain by mudstone and shale; severe compaction of the fossils in the mudstone and shale layer in this formation allowed for exceptional preservation of the plates. Herein, we summarize a growth study based on ten crowns of <em>E. typus</em>, showcasing a well-defined growth series of this species from the Barnsdall Formation, including fossils from juvenile stages of development, which are typically rarely preserved. We used high-resolution photographs imported into ImageJ and recorded measurements of the cup and arms for all non-distorted or disarticulated plates. Results show that the plates of the cup grew anisometrically with both positive and negative allometry. The primibrachial plates of <em>E. typus</em> grew with positive allometry. The brachial plates started as uniserial (i.e. cuneiform) as juveniles but shifted to be biserial. <em>Erisocrinus typus</em> broadly shares similar growth trajectories to other cladids. These growth patterns provide insight into feeding strategies and can aid in understanding crinoid evolutionary paleoecological trends.</span></p>
Ontogenetic data for Erisocrinus typus
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FIGURE 4 in Redescription of Prosaetes rhinodontis (Wright, 1876) (Crustacea: Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida), an enigmatic parasite of the whale shark, Rhincodon typus Smith (Elasmobranchii: Orectolobiformes: Rhincodontidae)
FIGURE 4. Prosaetes rhinodontis (Wright, 1876), adult female. (A) left leg 3, anterior; (B) left leg 4, anterior; (C) right leg 5, ventral. Scale bars: A, B = 100 µm; C = 50 µm.
FIGURE 3 in Redescription of Prosaetes rhinodontis (Wright, 1876) (Crustacea: Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida), an enigmatic parasite of the whale shark, Rhincodon typus Smith (Elasmobranchii: Orectolobiformes: Rhincodontidae)
FIGURE 3. Prosaetes rhinodontis (Wright, 1876), adult female. (A) left postantennal process (setulate papillae indicated by arrowheads), ventral; (B) oral cone, anterior; (C) left mandible, with detail of distal end, anterior; (D) left maxillule, ventral; (E) left maxilla, posteroventral; (F) detail of clavus (cl) and crista (cr) from left maxilla, dorsal; (G) right maxilliped, posterior; (H) left leg 1, anterior; (I) right leg 2, anterior. Scale bars: A, C, D = 50 µm; B, E, H, I = 100 µm; F = 25 µm; G = 200 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Redescription of Prosaetes rhinodontis (Wright, 1876) (Crustacea: Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida), an enigmatic parasite of the whale shark, Rhincodon typus Smith (Elasmobranchii: Orectolobiformes: Rhincodontidae)
FIGURE 2. Prosaetes rhinodontis (Wright, 1876), adult female. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) adhesion pad and serrations along left anterolateral margin of cephalothorax, ventral; (C) adhesion pad on right anterolateral margin of first free thoracic somite, ventral; (D) spinules on anteromedian surface of genital complex, ventral; (E) genital apertures, abdomen, and caudal rami (socket of missing seta indicated by arrowhead), ventral; (F) left antennule, with detail of elements near anterodistal margin of proximal segment and apical margin of distal segment, ventral; (G) right antenna, posterior; (H) tip of right antenna, ventral. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm; B, C = 50 µm, D, F = 100 µm; E, G = 200 µm; H = 25 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Caridina jeani, a replacement name for Caridina typus var. brevirostris J. Roux, 1911 from Eastern Indonesia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) *
FIGURE 2. Caridina jeani nom. nov.: A, cephalothorax; B, first pereiopod; C, second pereiopod; D, third pereiopod; E, dactylus of third pereiopod; F, fifth pereiopod; G, dactylus of fifth pereiopod; H, endopod of male first pereiopod; I, appendix masculina and appendix interna of male second pleopod; J, diaeresis; K, distal portion of telson. Scales: A = 1mm; B–D, F = 0.5mm; G–J = 0.2mm (A, F, G, female, cl 5.2 mm; B–D, male, cl 4.5 mm).
FIGURE 1 in Caridina jeani, a replacement name for Caridina typus var. brevirostris J. Roux, 1911 from Eastern Indonesia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) *
FIGURE 1. Caridina jeani nom. nov.: A, cephalothorax; B, telson; C, scaphocerite; D, mandible; E, maxillula; F, maxilla; G, first maxilliped; H, second maxilliped; I, third maxilliped; J, first pereiopod; K, second pereiopod; L, third pereiopod; M, dactylus of third pereiopod; N, preanal carina. Scales: A, C = 1mm; B, D–L, N = 0.5 mm; M = 0.2 mm (A male lectotype, cl 4.3 mm; B–N, female, cl 5.3 mm).
Figure 4. Alitropus typus H. Milne Edwards 1840 in Redescription of the monotypic micro-predatory isopod genera Alitropus H. Milne Edwards, 1840 and Barybrotes Schioedte & Meinert, 1879 (Isopoda, Cymothoida), with a taxonomic key to the Cymothooidea Leach, 1814 from India
Figure 4. Alitropus typus H. Milne Edwards 1840 (as Aega (Conilera) interrupta Von Martens, 1868), holotype female (15.0 mm; ZMB No. 3366). (a) Dorsal view; (b) ventral view; (c) lateral view; (d) ventral view of cephalon with mouthparts; (e) dorsal view of posterior region. Please replace in colour figures
Figure 5. Alitropus typus H. Milne Edwards 1840 in Redescription of the monotypic micro-predatory isopod genera Alitropus H. Milne Edwards, 1840 and Barybrotes Schioedte & Meinert, 1879 (Isopoda, Cymothoida), with a taxonomic key to the Cymothooidea Leach, 1814 from India
Figure 5. Alitropus typus H. Milne Edwards 1840 (as Aega (Conilera) interrupta Von Martens, 1868), holotype female (15.0 mm; ZMB No. 3366). (a) Dorsal view; (b) lateral view; (c) clypeal region.
Figure 3. Alitropus typus H. Milne Edwards 1840 in Redescription of the monotypic micro-predatory isopod genera Alitropus H. Milne Edwards, 1840 and Barybrotes Schioedte & Meinert, 1879 (Isopoda, Cymothoida), with a taxonomic key to the Cymothooidea Leach, 1814 from India
Figure 3. Alitropus typus H. Milne Edwards 1840, male (19.0 mm; ZSI/MBRC D1-568). (a–e) Pleopods 1– 5 respectively; (f) right uropod.
Figure 2. Alitropus typus H. Milne Edwards 1840 in Redescription of the monotypic micro-predatory isopod genera Alitropus H. Milne Edwards, 1840 and Barybrotes Schioedte & Meinert, 1879 (Isopoda, Cymothoida), with a taxonomic key to the Cymothooidea Leach, 1814 from India
Figure 2. Alitropus typus H. Milne Edwards 1840, male (19.0 mm; ZSI/MBRC D1-568). (a–e) Pereopods 1–4, 7, respectively.
Figure 1. Alitropus typus H. Milne Edwards 1840 in Redescription of the monotypic micro-predatory isopod genera Alitropus H. Milne Edwards, 1840 and Barybrotes Schioedte & Meinert, 1879 (Isopoda, Cymothoida), with a taxonomic key to the Cymothooidea Leach, 1814 from India
Figure 1. Alitropus typus H. Milne Edwards 1840, male (19.0 mm; ZSI/MBRC D1-568). (a) Dorsal view; (b) antennula; (c) antenna; (d) mandible; (e) maxilla; (f) maxilliped.
Polyboroides typus SPAdes preassembly
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Polyboroides typus decontaminated FSCR
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On following pages: 700. Arequipa Vesper Mouse (Calomys achaku); 701. Long-tailed Vesper Mouse (Calomys frida); 702. Andean Vesper Mouse (Calomys lepidus); 703. Drylands Vesper Mouse (Calomys musculinus); 704. Hummelinck's Vesper Mouse (Calomys hummelincki); 705. Delicate Vesper Mouse (Calomys tenen; 706. Small Vesper Mouse (Calomys laucha); 707. Rejected Vesper Mouse (Calomys expulsus); 708. Tocantins Vesper Mouse (Calomys tocantinsi); 709. Large Vesper Mouse (Calomys callosus); 710. Crafty Vesper Mouse (Calomys callidus); 711. Bolivian Vesper Mouse (Calomys boliviae); 712. Cordoba Vesper Mouse (Calomys venustus), 713. Cerqueira's Vesper Mouse (Calomys cerqueirai); 714. Hairy-footed Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia hirtipes); 715. Andean Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia puerulus); 716. Bolson Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia bolsonensis); 717. Lowland Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia typus); 718. Dune Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia dunaris); 719. Monte Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia moreni); 720. Morgan's Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia morgani); 721. Pale Pericote (Graomys domorum); 722. Chaco Pericote (Graomys chacoensis); 723. Otro Cerro Pericote (Graomys edithae); 724. Common Pericote (Graomys griseoflavus). in Cricetidae
On following pages: 700. Arequipa Vesper Mouse (Calomys achaku); 701. Long-tailed Vesper Mouse (Calomys frida); 702. Andean Vesper Mouse (Calomys lepidus); 703. Drylands Vesper Mouse (Calomys musculinus); 704. Hummelinck's Vesper Mouse (Calomys hummelincki); 705. Delicate Vesper Mouse (Calomys tenen; 706. Small Vesper Mouse (Calomys laucha); 707. Rejected Vesper Mouse (Calomys expulsus); 708. Tocantins Vesper Mouse (Calomys tocantinsi); 709. Large Vesper Mouse (Calomys callosus); 710. Crafty Vesper Mouse (Calomys callidus); 711. Bolivian Vesper Mouse (Calomys boliviae); 712. Cordoba Vesper Mouse (Calomys venustus), 713. Cerqueira's Vesper Mouse (Calomys cerqueirai); 714. Hairy-footed Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia hirtipes); 715. Andean Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia puerulus); 716. Bolson Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia bolsonensis); 717. Lowland Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia typus); 718. Dune Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia dunaris); 719. Monte Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia moreni); 720. Morgan's Gerbil Mouse (Eligmodontia morgani); 721. Pale Pericote (Graomys domorum); 722. Chaco Pericote (Graomys chacoensis); 723. Otro Cerro Pericote (Graomys edithae); 724. Common Pericote (Graomys griseoflavus).
Otomys orestes previously was included in O. wrroratus or O. typus but later shown to be a distinct species. Monotypic. Distribution. Mt Kenya and Aberdare Range, C Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-175 mm, tail 61-93 mm, ear 21-25 mm, hindfoot 25-30 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The Afroalpine Vlei Rat is large and robust, with large blunt head, short tail, and shaggy fur. Fur is tawny brown above, with distinctive creamy buff post-auricular patches, and dark gray below. Tail is short (c.46% of head-body length). Upper and lower incisors each have single deep groove, and additional faint groove is present on lower incisors. M, has fourlaminae, and M" has seven or occasionally six laminae. in Muridae
Otomys orestes previously was included in O. wrroratus or O. typus but later shown to be a distinct species. Monotypic. Distribution. Mt Kenya and Aberdare Range, C Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-175 mm, tail 61-93 mm, ear 21-25 mm, hindfoot 25-30 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The Afroalpine Vlei Rat is large and robust, with large blunt head, short tail, and shaggy fur. Fur is tawny brown above, with distinctive creamy buff post-auricular patches, and dark gray below. Tail is short (c.46% of head-body length). Upper and lower incisors each have single deep groove, and additional faint groove is present on lower incisors. M, has fourlaminae, and M" has seven or occasionally six laminae.
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