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61 results for “Vipera”
Fig. 2 in Individual Growth Rates of Nikolsky's Viper, Vipera berus nikolskii (Squamata, Viperidae)
Fig. 2. Individual growth curves of males and females of V. b. nikolskii approximated with the Von Bertalanffy growth curves. Solid lines connect observed SVL of recaptured specimens. Dashed lines represent the Von Bertalanffy growth curve. Horizontal solid line is the size of maturation. X-axis measures time in days, hibernations are indicated by numbers. The duration of active period before first hibernation was assumed to be 45 days; all consecutive active periods lasted 184 days, except for 164 days in adult males.
Fig. 1 in Individual Growth Rates of Nikolsky's Viper, Vipera berus nikolskii (Squamata, Viperidae)
Fig. 1. Relationship between growth rates (dSVL/dt) and snout-ventral length (SVL) in males and females of V. b. nikolskii. Dashed lines show 95 % confidence intervals of the expected theoretical curve.
DATASET - Mass Spectrometry - Snake venom proteomics of three subspecies of the North African mountain viper (Vipera monticola, Saint-Girons 1954) from Morocco
<p><strong>This DATASET collection includes the mass spectrometry files for proteomics venom investigation of three subspecies of the North African mountain viper (<em>Vipera monticola</em>, Saint-Girons 1954) from Morocco.</strong></p> <p><strong>Species list:</strong></p> <ol> <li>Vipera monticola monticola</li> <li>Vipera monticola atlantica</li> <li>Vipera monticola saintgironsi</li> </ol> <p><strong>Folders 01-03 - BOTTOM-UP PROTEOMICS</strong>: The venom pools were investigated by the bottom-up "snake venomics" (labled as SVX) approach and in short: separated by RP-HPLC, followed by SDS-PAGE separation and the single bands were in-gel processed by DTT, IAC and finally o/n tryptic digested. Samples submitted to HPLC-MS/MS. Early peptidic fractions of the first HPLC run were directly submitted to HPLC-MS/MS analytic w/o further gel procession. Folders 01 to 03 include the MS and MS/MS spectra of the snake species 1-3, respectively. Files are included as RAW and MZML format.</p> <p>Used instrument: LTQ Orbitrap XL mass spectrometer (Thermo, Bremen, Germany) with an Agilent 1260 HPLC system (Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany) using a reversed-phase Grace Vydac 218MS C18 (2.1 × 150 mm; 5 μm particle size) column.</p> <p>Modifications: UNIMOD:4 - \"Iodoacetamide derivative.\"</p> <p>Used protein database: Uniprot_8570_serpentes_reviewed_CandIso_2747_entries_230398.fasta</p>
Fig. 1 in Short communication An evidence of asp viper (Vipera aspis) consumption by a western European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) on Elba Island (Italy)
Fig. 1 - Map of Italy. The red arrow points to the Elba Island. / Mappa d'Italia. La freccia rossa indica l'Isola d'Elba. (Google Earth. Data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO. Image Landsat / Copernicus).
Fig. 2 - A in Short communication An evidence of asp viper (Vipera aspis) consumption by a western European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) on Elba Island (Italy)
Fig. 2 - A hedgehog consuming an asp viper on Elba. / Un riccio che consuma un aspide all'Elba. (Photo/foto: Walter Costa).
Figure 4 in Age-dependent variations in the venom proteins of Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky, 1909 and Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ophidia: Viperidae)
Figure 4. Gel photograph showing the electrophoretic separation of the venom protein sample obtained from the 55-cm-long Vipera kaznakovi specimen, together with its densitometric tracing curve. For further explanation, see caption of Figure 2.
Figure 1 in Age-dependent variations in the venom proteins of Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky, 1909 and Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ophidia: Viperidae)
Figure 1. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of venoms of V. kaznakovi of different lengths. A. 16.5 cm, B. 30 cm, C. 55 cm (S: Start, junction between the stacking and separation gels).
Figure 3 in Age-dependent variations in the venom proteins of Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky, 1909 and Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ophidia: Viperidae)
Figure 3. Gel photograph showing the electrophoretic separation of the venom protein sample obtained from the 30-cm-long Vipera kaznakovi specimen, together with its densitometric tracing curve. For further explanation, see caption of Figure 2.
Figure 8 in Age-dependent variations in the venom proteins of Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky, 1909 and Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ophidia: Viperidae)
Figure 8. Gel photograph showing the electrophoretic separation of the venom protein sample obtained from the 51.5-cm-long Vipera ammodytes specimen, together with its densitometric tracing curve. For further explanation, see caption of Figure 2.
Figure 5 in Age-dependent variations in the venom proteins of Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky, 1909 and Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ophidia: Viperidae)
Figure 5. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of venoms of V. ammodytes of different lengths. A. 28.5 cm, B. 36.7 cm, C. 51.5 cm (S: Start, junction between the stacking and separation gels).
Text-fig. 4. Non-mammalian record from travertine of Gánovce-Hrádok Neanderthal site. a) Emys orbicularis s. l. (NM-Rv 21001), internal core of shell in dorsal view; b) Vipera berus (P-14297), partly articulated skeleton in dorsal view; c–e) Aves gen. et sp. (c: NM-Rv 21002a, d: NM-Rv 21002b; e: P-14292), feather impressions in travertine. All scale bars (except "b") are 50 mm, for "b" 10 mm. in Revised Floral And Faunal Assemblages From Late Pleistocene Deposits Of The Gánovce-Hrádok Neanderthal Site -Biostratigraphic And Palaeoecological Implications
Text-fig. 4. Non-mammalian record from travertine of Gánovce-Hrádok Neanderthal site. a) Emys orbicularis s. l. (NM-Rv 21001), internal core of shell in dorsal view; b) Vipera berus (P-14297), partly articulated skeleton in dorsal view; c–e) Aves gen. et sp. (c: NM-Rv 21002a, d: NM-Rv 21002b; e: P-14292), feather impressions in travertine. All scale bars (except "b") are 50 mm, for "b" 10 mm.
Upper thermal tolerance of grassland vipers (Vipera spp.): environmental drivers and local adaptation
<p>The thermal tolerance of ectotherms is a critical factor that influences their distribution, physiology, behaviour, and ultimately survival. Understanding the factors that shape thermal tolerance in these organisms is therefore of great importance for predicting their responses to forecasted climate warming. Here, we investigated the voluntary thermal maximum (VTmax) of nine grassland viper taxa and explored the factors that influence this trait. The small size of these vipers and the open landscape they inhabit renders them particularly vulnerable to overheating and dehydration. We found that the VTmax of grassland vipers is influenced by environmental temperature, precipitation, shortwave flux, and individual body size, rather than by phylogenetic relatedness. Vipers living in colder environments exhibited a higher upper thermal tolerance, contradicting the hypothesis that environmental temperature is positively related to VTmax. Our findings emphasise the importance of considering local to regional adaptation and environmental conditions when studying thermal physiology and the evolution of thermal tolerance in ectotherms.</p>
DATASET - Mass Spectrometry - Snake venom proteomics of seven taxa of the genera Vipera, Montivipera, Macrovipera and Daboia across Türkiye
<p><strong>Publication: Damm <em>et al.</em> 2024 - <a title="DOI URL" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00171">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00171</a></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>This DATASET collection includes the mass spectrometry files for proteomics venom investigation of seven taxa of the genera <em>Vipera</em>, <em>Montivipera</em>, <em>Macrovipera</em> and <em>Daboia </em>across Türkiye.</strong></p> <p><strong>Species list:</strong></p> <ol> <li>Vipera berus barani</li> <li>Vipera darevskii</li> <li>Montivipera bulgardaghica bulgardaghica </li> <li>Montivipera bulgardaghica albizona</li> <li>Montivipera xanthina</li> <li>Macrovipera lebetinus obtusa</li> <li>Daboia palaestinae</li> </ol> <p><strong>Folders 01-07 - BOTTOM-UP PROTEOMICS</strong>: The venom pools were investigated by the bottom-up "snake venomics" (labled as SVX) approach and in short: separated by RP-HPLC, followed by SDS-PAGE separation and the single bands were in-gel processed by DTT, IAC and finally o/n tryptic digested. Samples submitted to HPLC-MS/MS. Early peptidic fractions of the first HPLC run were directly submitted to HPLC-MS/MS analytic w/o further gel procession. Folders 01 to 07 include the MS and MS/MS spectra of the snake species 1-7, respectively. Files are included as RAW and MZML format.</p> <p>Used instrument: LTQ Orbitrap XL mass spectrometer (Thermo, Bremen, Germany) with an Agilent 1260 HPLC system (Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany) using a reversed-phase Grace Vydac 218MS C18 (2.1 × 150 mm; 5 μm particle size) column.</p> <p>Modifications: UNIMOD:4 - \"Iodoacetamide derivative.\"</p> <p>Used protein database: Uniprot_8570_serpentes_reviewed_canonical_2640_entries_cRAP_210408.fasta</p> <p><strong>Folders 10-11 - TOP-DOWN PROTEOMICS</strong>: The venom pools were investigated by the non-reduced and TCEP reduced top-down (labled as TD) approach and in short: untreated or TCEP reduced samples submitted to HPLC-MS/MS. Folders 10 and 11 include the MS and MS/MS spectra of the snake species 1-7 as labled. Files are included as RAW and MZML format.</p> <p>Used instrument: Q Exactive HF mass spectrometer (Thermo, Bremen, Germany) with a Vanquish ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system (Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany) using a reversed-phase Supelco Discovery BIO wide C18 (2.0 × 150 mm; 3 μm particle size; 300 Å pore size).</p> <p>Modifications: none (either red. or non-red. disulfide bridges)</p> <p>Used protein database for TopPIC analysis: Uniprot_8570_serpentes_reviewed_ISOandCAN_2749_entries_NOcRAP_231011.fasta</p> <p> </p>
Microclimate-driven trends in spring-emergence phenology in a temperate reptile (Vipera berus): Evidence for a potential 'climate trap'?
<p>Climate change will increase the exposure of organisms to higher temperatures, but can also drive phenological shifts that alter their susceptibility to conditions at the onset of breeding cycles. Organisms rely on climatic cues to time annual life-cycle events, but the extent to which climate change has altered cue reliability remains unclear. Here, we examine the risk of a 'climate trap' – a climatically-driven desynchronisation of the cues that determine life-cycle events and fitness later in the season in a temperate reptile, the European adder (<em>Vipera berus)</em>. During the winter, adders hibernate underground, buffered against sub-zero temperatures, and re-emerge in the spring to reproduce. We derived annual spring-emergence trends between 1983 and 2017 from historical observations in Cornwall, United Kingdom, and related these trends to the microclimatic conditions that adders experienced. Using a mechanistic microclimate model, estimates of below- and near-ground temperatures were used to derive accumulated degree-hour and absolute temperature thresholds that predicted annual spring-emergence timing. Trends in annual emergence timing and subsequent exposure to ground frost were then quantified. We found that adders have advanced their phenology towards earlier emergence. Earlier emergence was associated with increased exposure to ground frost and, contradicting the expected effects of macroclimate warming,<em> </em>increased post-emergence exposure to ground frost at some locations. The susceptibility of adders to this 'climate trap' was related to the rate at which frost risk diminishes relative to advancement in phenology, which depends on the seasonality of climate. We emphasise the need to consider exposure to changing microclimatic conditions when forecasting biological impacts of climate change.</p>
Polyandry and non-random fertilisation maintain long-term genetic diversity in an isolated island population of adders (Vipera berus)
<p>Conservation genetic theory suggests that small and isolated populations should be subjected to reduced genetic diversity i.e., heterozygosity and allelic diversity. Our 34 years study of an isolated island population of adders (<em>Vipera berus</em>) in southern Sweden challenges this notion. Despite a lack of gene flow and a yearly mean estimated reproductive adult population size of only 65 adult adders (range 12 to 171), the population has been able to maintain high levels of heterozygosity and allelic diversity similar to that observed in two mainland populations. Even a 14-year major "bottleneck" i.e., a reduction in adult adder numbers, encompassing at least four adder generations, did not result in any reduction in the island adders' heterozygosity and allelic diversity. Female adders are polyandrous, and fertilisation is non-random, which our empirical data and modelling suggest underpinning the island adders' ability to maintain a high level of heterozygosity. Our empirical results and subsequent modelling suggest that the positive genetic effects of polyandry in combination with non-random fertilisation, often overlooked in conservation genetic analyses, deserve greater consideration when predicting long-term survival of small and isolated populations.</p>
Intermittent reproduction, mortality patterns and lifetime breeding frequency of females in a population of the adder (Vipera berus)
<p>Raw data used in paper by Dirk Bauwens & Katja Claus. 2019. Intermittent reproduction, mortality patterns and lifetime breeding frequency of females in a population of the adder (Vipera berus). PeerJ, DOI 10.7717/peerj.6912</p> <p>CH_data_AdultFemaleAdders.INP</p> <p>A text file with extension .INP for input in the program MARK (White & Burnham, 1999; Cooch & White, 2015)), containing the capture-recapture histories, including breeding status of individual adult female adders (n = 908). Each 18-digit string contains a 1-digit score (B/N/0 ; Breeding / Non-breeding / not captured) per year of study (2000 – 2017).</p> <p>SVL_BCI_RawData.xlsx</p> <p>Excell-file containing data for SVL, mass, BCI (body condition index) and breeding status (breeding/non-breeding) for individual females captured and measured during spring (March – half May; i.e., before ovulation) or late summer (August-September; i.e. after parturition or at end of activity season).</p> <p> </p>
Microclimate-driven trends in spring-emergence phenology in a temperate reptile (Vipera berus): Evidence for a potential 'climate trap'?
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Polyandry and non-random fertilisation maintain long-term genetic diversity in an isolated island population of adders (Vipera berus)
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Data from: Comparative venom analysis between melanistic and normally-colored phenotypes of the common adder (Vipera berus)
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Data from: Postglacial recolonisation in a cold climate specialist in Western Europe: patterns of genetic diversity in the adder (Vipera berus) support the central-marginal hypothesis
Understanding the impact of postglacial recolonization on genetic diversity is essential in explaining current patterns of genetic variation. The central–marginal hypothesis (CMH) predicts a reduction in genetic diversity from the core of the distribution to peripheral populations, as well as reduced connectivity between peripheral populations. While the CMH has received considerable empirical support, its broad applicability is still debated and alternative hypotheses predict different spatial patterns of genetic diversity. Using microsatellite markers, we analysed the genetic diversity of the adder (Vipera berus) in western Europe to reconstruct postglacial recolonization. Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) analyses suggested a postglacial recolonization from two routes: a western route from the Atlantic Coast up to Belgium and a central route from the Massif Central to the Alps. This cold-adapted species likely used two isolated glacial refugia in southern France, in permafrost-free areas during the last glacial maximum. Adder populations further from putative glacial refugia had lower genetic diversity and reduced connectivity; therefore, our results support the predictions of the CMH. Our study also illustrates the utility of highly variable nuclear markers, such as microsatellites, and ABC to test competing recolonization hypotheses.
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